Actaea racemosa L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 504 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is SE. Canada to N. Central & E. U.S.A. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia

Introduced into:

Germany

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Accepted Infraspecifics

Classification

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PAFTOL

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Bailey, C. & al. (2015). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Tennessee: 1-813. University of Tennessee press.
  • Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 529. MIM, Deurne.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.

Kew Species Profiles

  • Anon (Updated 2015). Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program: Black Cohosh Fact Sheet. Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & Wildlife.
  • Brinkmann, J. (2010). Taking a closer look at the US black cohosh rhizome trade. HerbalEGram 7(12). American Botanical Council.
  • Compton, J. A., Culham, A. & Jury, S. L. (1998). Reclassification of Actaea to include Cimicifuga and Souliea (Ranunculaceae): phylogeny inferred from morphology, nrDNA ITS, and cpDNA trnL-F sequence variation. Taxon 47(3): 593–634.
  • Davis, J. (2013). Black Cohosh (Actaea racemosa L.). Extension: WNC Natural Products Project.
  • Lonner, J. (2007). Medicinal Plant Fact Sheet: Cimicifuga racemosa / Black Cohosh. A collaboration of the IUCN Medicinal Plant Specialist Group, PCA-Medicinal Plant Working Group, and North American Pollinator Protection Campaign. PCA-Medicinal Plant Working Group, Arlington, Virginia.
  • Lyke, J. (2001). Summary of the Conservation Status of Cimicifuga  ssp. (Cimicifuga rubifolia C. americana , and C. racemosa ). Plant Conservation Alliance Medicinal Plant Working Group.
  • Painter, D., Perwaiz, S. & Murty, M. (2010). Black cohosh products and liver toxicity: update. Canadian Adverse Reaction Newsletter 20(1): 1–2. Health Products and Food Branch, MedEffect, Canada.
  • Pengelly, A. & Bennett, K. (2012). Appalachian Plant Monographs. Black Cohosh Actaea racemosa L. Appalachian Center for Ethnobotanical Studies.
  • Robbins, C. (1999). Medicine from U.S. Wildlands: An Assessment of Native Plant Species Harvested in the United States for Medicinal Use and Trade and Evaluation of the Conservation and Management Implications. TRAFFIC North America.
  • Small, E. & Catling, P. M. (2013). Canadian Medicinal Crops: Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. (Black Cohosh). Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
  • Southern Cross Plant Science (2012). Medicinal Plant Monographs: Actaea racemosa. Southern Cross University, Australia.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Cimicifuga racemosa K:SPC-25360.000 No

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images
  • Kew Species Profiles

    • Kew Species Profiles
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0