Dioscoreaceae
Dioscorea

Dioscorea alata L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 1033 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical Asia. It is a climbing tuberous geophyte and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. It is used as animal food, a poison and a medicine, has environmental uses and social uses and for food.

Distribution

Native to:

Assam, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, Christmas I., East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam

Introduced into:

Alabama, Andaman Is., Angola, Bahamas, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Caroline Is., Central African Republic, Chad, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Florida, French Guiana, Gabon, Georgia, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Japan, Kazan-retto, Leeward Is., Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Marianas, Marquesas, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mozambique, Nansei-shoto, Nicaragua, Niue, Northern Territory, Panamá, Peru, Pitcairn Is., Puerto Rico, Queensland, Rwanda, Santa Cruz Is., Senegal, Seychelles, Society Is., Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tubuai Is., Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Wallis-Futuna Is., Windward Is., Zambia, Zaïre

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2005). Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 52: 1-415.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.
  • Bhattacharya, R.P., Pal, D.C. & Pati, B.R. (2014). A sytematic census of monocot climbers of Bihar anf Jharkhand states. Indian Journal of Forestry 37: 317-324.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Brundu, G. & Camarda, I. (2013). The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis. PhytoKeys 23: 1-18.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Demissew, S. & Nordal, I. (2010). Aloes and other Lilies of Ethiopia and Eritrea, ed, 2: 1-351. Shama Books, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Govaerts, R. (2000). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS D: 1-30141.
  • Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Hang, Y.Y. (2020). Dioscoreaceae in China : color-illustrated Chinese and English bilingual edition: 1-476. Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Press.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (2016). Flora of Japan IVb: 1-335. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Masharabu, T., Bigendako, M.J., Lejoly, J., Nkengurutse, J., Noret, N., Bizuru, E. & Bogaert, J. (2010). Etude analytique de la flore et de la végétation du Parc National de la Ruvubu, Burundi. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4: 834-856.
  • Morat, P. & Veillon, J.-M. (1985). Contributions à la conaissance de la végétation et de la flore de Wallis et Futuna. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section B, Adansonia 7: 259-329.
  • National Parks Board Singapore (2006). Vascular Plant Life Checklist Pulau Ubin www.nparks.gov.sg/nparks_cms/cms/cmsmgr/data/6/PlantChkList.xls.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
  • Pérez-Camacho, J. & Raz, L. (2017). Flora de la República de Cuba, Ser. A, 22(1): 1-63.
  • Samanta, A.K. (2006). The genus Dioscorea L. in Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas - a census. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 30: 555-563.
  • Smith, A.C. (1979). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 1: 1-495. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
  • Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.
  • Tanaka, N., Koyama, T. & Murata, J. (2005). The flowering plants of Mt. Popa, central Myanmar - Results of Myanmar-Japanese joint expeditions, 2000-2004. Makinoa 5: 1-102.
  • Velayos, M. & al. (eds.) (2018). Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial 10: 1-491. Consejo superior de investigaciones científicas, Real jardín botánico, Madrid.
  • Velayos, M., Barberá, P., Cabezas, F.J., de la Estrella, M., Fero, M. & Aedo, C. (2014). Checklist of the vascular plants of Annobón (Equatorial Guinea). Phytotaxa 171: 1-78.
  • Wilkin, P. & Thapyai, C. (2009). Flora of Thailand 10(1): 1-140. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Burkill in Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 15: 380 (1939)
  • F.T.A. 7: 417
  • Knuth in Engl., Pflanzenr. Dioscoreac. 4, 43: 265 (1924)
  • Miège in Rev. Bot. Appliq. 32: 144 (1952)
  • Miège, Contrib. Dioscor. 94 (1952).
  • Prain & Burkill in Ann Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 14: 308 (1936)
  • Sp. Pl. 1033 (1753)

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Berhaut, J. (1988). Flore illustrée du Sénégal 9: 1-522. Gouvernement du Sénégal, Ministère du développement rural direction des eaux et forêta, Dakar.
  • Bhattacharya, R.P., Pal, D.C. & Pati, B.R. (2014). A sytematic census of monocot climbers of Bihar anf Jharkhand states. Indian Journal of Forestry 37: 317-324.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Brundu, G. & Camarda, I. (2013). The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis. PhytoKeys 23: 1-18.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Demissew, S. & Nordal, I. (2010). Aloes and other Lilies of Ethiopia and Eritrea, ed, 2: 1-351. Shama Books, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
  • Florence, J. & Hallé, N. (1986). Suite du catalogue des plantes a fleurs et Fougères des iles Australes. Rapa: 151-158. Direction des centres d'expérimentations nucléaires. Service mixte de contrôle biologique.
  • Fosberg, F.R. (1957). The Maldive islands, Indian Ocean. Atoll Research Bulletin 58: 1-37.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Gonzalez, F., Nelson Diaz, J. & Lowry, P. (1995). Flora Illustrada de San Andrés y Providencia: 1-281. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Colombia.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Hang, Y.Y. (2020). Dioscoreaceae in China : color-illustrated Chinese and English bilingual edition: 1-476. Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Press.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (2016). Flora of Japan IVb: 1-335. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Lorence, D.H. & Wagner, W.L. (2019). Flora of the Marquesas Islands 1: 1-411. National Tropical Botanic Garden, Smithsonian, DRPF.
  • Masharabu, T., Bigendako, M.J., Lejoly, J., Nkengurutse, J., Noret, N., Bizuru, E. & Bogaert, J. (2010). Etude analytique de la flore et de la végétation du Parc National de la Ruvubu, Burundi. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4: 834-856.
  • Morat, P. & Veillon, J.-M. (1985). Contributions à la conaissance de la végétation et de la flore de Wallis et Futuna. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section B, Adansonia 7: 259-329.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
  • Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.
  • Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Ouédraogo, A., Hahn, K. & Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso. Boissiera 65: 1-391.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Bak. in Flora of Tropical Africa 7: 417 (1898).
  • Burkill in Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'État a Bruxelles 15: 380 (1939)
  • Burkill in FL Males., ser. 1, 4: 330 (1951).
  • Hutch. & Dalz., Flora of West Tropical Africa 2: 382 (1936).
  • L., Sp. Pl.: 1033 (1753).
  • Miège in Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3: 152 (1968).
  • R. Knuth in A. Engler, Das Pflanzenreich IV. 43: 265 (1924).
  • Verdc. & Trump, Common Poisonous Pl. E. Afr.: 192 (1969).

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • Cámara-Leret, R., & Dennehy, Z. (2019). Information gaps in indigenous and local knowledge for science-policy assessments. Nature Sustainability 2:736-741.
  • Dempewolf, H., Eastwood, R. J., Guarino, L., Khoury, C. K., Müller, J. V. & Toll, J. (2014). Adapting agriculture to climate change: a global initiative to collect, conserve, and use crop wild relatives. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 38, 369-377.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Jansen, P., Lemmens, R., Oyen, L., Siemonsma, J., Stavast, F. & Van Valkenburg, J. (1991) Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Basic list of species and commodity grouping. Final version. Pudoc, Wageningen.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • Plants for malaria, plants for fever: Medicinal species in Latin America, a bibliographic survey: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 2012 Rakotoarivelo et al. [454] Madagascar K000524293 Yes
Nov 21, 2010 Du, N.V.; et al. [HNK 2240] Vietnam K000524252 Yes
Oct 1, 2001 Etuge, M. [2794] Cameroon K000109595 Yes
Jan 1, 1992 Jansen-Jacobs, M.J.; Nic Lughadha, E.M.; ter Welle, B.J.H.; Gopaul, D. [nr 1790] Guyana K001171729 Yes
s.coll [115] K001149252 Yes
s.coll [3430] Philippines K001144849 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149274 Yes
Jayasuriya, A.H.M. [3880] Sri Lanka K001142754 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Puerto Rico K001149257 Yes
Fiji K:SPC-24287.000 No
Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. [600] Guyana K001150087 Yes
Peal, J. [23] Uganda K:SPC-17193.000 No
Burkill, I.H. [s.n.] United Kingdom K001143258 Yes
Loher, A. [5743] Philippines K001144853 Yes
Elbert, J. [2582] Indonesia K001144453 Yes
s.coll [112] K001149248 Yes
Davis [1208] Madagascar K001148421 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [27] Ghana K001145696 Yes
Put [1142] Thailand K000809739 Yes
Colchester [2359] Venezuela K001150541 Yes
Peal, J. [14] Uganda K:SPC-17190.000 No
Merrill, E.D. [922] K001144854 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149272 Yes
Smith, A.C. [4054] Fiji K001145280 Yes
s.coll [374] British Virgin Islands K000369746 Yes
s.coll [233-17] United Kingdom K001149265 Yes
Poilane, E. [828] Vietnam K001144033 Yes
Poilane, E. [828] Vietnam K001144034 Yes
André, É.F. [s.n.] K001150538 Yes
Pierre, L. [7003] Vietnam K001144059 Yes
Clarke, C.B. [34214] K001142733 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149277 Yes
Ramcharan, E.K. [372] Trinidad and Tobago K001149287 Yes
Collins, D.J. [1497] Thailand K001144039 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] K001142727 Yes
Sintenis, P.E.E. [5412] Puerto Rico K001149260 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149269 Yes
Smeds, H. [1404] Ethiopia K001146628 Yes
Kostermans, A.J.G.H. [18575] Indonesia K000809762 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149268 Yes
Caddick, L.R.; Rahelivolonie, E.; Foster, C.S. [321] Madagascar K001148425 Yes
Peal, J. [34] Uganda K001147348 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [5885] Tanzania K001147353 Yes
Bateson, G. [123] Papua New Guinea K001145031 Yes
Welw. [4044] Angola K001148235 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [s.n.] Ghana K001145697 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Trinidad and Tobago K001150767 Yes
Wilkin, P. [1010] Thailand K000809753 Yes
Powell, D.A. [s.n.] Christmas Island K001144448 Yes
Hasegawa, T.; Hasegawa, M. [33] Tanzania K001147355 Yes
Balansa, B. [299] Vietnam K001144036 Yes
Broadway, W.E. [7890] Trinidad and Tobago K001149286 Yes
Wohlhauser, S.; Andriamalaza, H. [SW60131] Madagascar K001148420 Yes
Broadway, W.E. [3149] Trinidad and Tobago K001149290 Yes
Balslev, H.; Sutjaritjai, N.; Chamchumroon, V.; Eiserhardt, W.; Eiserhardt, S.; Sumanon, P.; Panyadee, P.; Kladwong, P.; Pakinamhang, B. [9886] Thailand K001622283 Yes
Beusekom, C.F.; Geesink, R.; Phengkhlai, C.; Wongwan, B. [3768[a]] Thailand K000809743 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [15594] Brazil K001150090 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [38] Ghana K001145695 Yes
Lau, S.K. [28339] China K001141973 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149276 Yes
s.coll [1699] India K001142720 Yes
Wilkin, P. [1039] Thailand K000809756 Yes
Gooding, H.J. [39/57] K001150762 Yes
Ducloux, P. [67] China K001141976 Yes
s.coll [6409] Guyana K001150084 Yes
Schäfer, P.A. [5598] French Polynesia K000809766 Yes
Peal, J. [34] Uganda K:SPC-17189.000 No
s.coll [s.n.] Dominica K001149263 Yes
s.coll [113] K001149244 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [25] Ghana K001145700 Yes
s.coll [[2748]] Brazil K001150091 Yes
Haines, H.H. [5127] India K001142735 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149285 Yes
Burkill, I.H. [s.n.] Mozambique K001148223 Yes
Jones, B.L. [170] Malaysia K000809763 Yes
Rajanoah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 303] Madagascar K001148449 Yes
Rajanoah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 302] Madagascar K001148451 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Trinidad and Tobago K001150766 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [2859] Tanzania K001147356 Yes
Barthelat, F.; Hladik, A.; Pagézy, H.; M'Changama, M.; et al [883] Mayotte K001148429 Yes
Wilkin, P. [994] Thailand K000809755 Yes
Pierre, L. [7002] Vietnam K001144061 Yes
Forrest, G. [6885] China K001141975 Yes
s.coll [123] K001149247 Yes
Koorders, S.H. [27355B] Indonesia K001144450 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [810] Philippines K001144852 Yes
Du, N.V.; Quang, B.H.; Chinh, V.T.; The, P.V.; et al [HNK 2240] Vietnam K001144044 Yes
Galan, P. [4319] El Salvador K001532249 No
Thwaites, G.H.K. [s.n.] Sri Lanka K001142753 Yes
s.coll [31920] Puerto Rico K001149253 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149271 Yes
s.coll [31920] K001145032 Yes
Rajanoah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 306] Madagascar K001148455 Yes
Wohlhauser, S.; Andriamalaza, H. [SW60138] Madagascar K001148428 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [1528 B] Thailand K001144049 Yes
Rajanoah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 304] Madagascar K001148454 Yes
Wilkin, P. [T960] Thailand K000809750 Yes
s.coll [13] Gambia, The K001145679 Yes
s.coll [111] K001149245 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Trinidad and Tobago K001150765 Yes
Broadway, W.E. [3146] Trinidad and Tobago K001149289 Yes
Ramos, M. [12546] Philippines K001144855 Yes
s.coll [M279] Guyana K001150082 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Dominica K001149264 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] K001144054 Yes
Randriamboavonjy, T. [RTI 862] Madagascar K001148441 Yes
Sulit, M.D. [22491] Philippines K001144846 Yes
Randriamboavonjy, T. [RTI 863] Madagascar K001148445 Yes
s.coll [10] United Kingdom K001145702 Yes
Burchell [3623] Brazil K001150086 Yes
Meijer, W. [7323] Indonesia K001144452 Yes
Gooding, H.J. [03/56] K001150763 Yes
s.coll [5108] K001142747 Yes
s.coll [17758] India K001142723 Yes
s.coll [116] K001149242 Yes
s.coll [121] K001149250 Yes
Axelrod, F. [9183] Puerto Rico K000809768 Yes
Wohlhauser, S.; Stiefel, S.L. [SW60105] Madagascar K001148426 Yes
Sandwith, N.Y. [1688] Trinidad and Tobago K001149292 Yes
Deighton, F.C. [2929] Sierra Leone K001145682 Yes
Burkill, I.H. [1538] Zambia K001148233 Yes
Balansa, B. [4723] Vietnam K001144037 Yes
Collins, D.J. [1046] Thailand K001144052 Yes
Wilkin, P.; Suddee, S.; Puudjaa, P. [1089] Thailand K000809759 Yes
Smith, A.C. [7499] Fiji K001145271 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [s.n.] Mozambique K001148239 Yes
Fiji K:SPC-24285.000 No
Russell, D. [143] Burma K001142743 Yes
Smith, A.C. [1712] Fiji K001145276 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149280 Yes
Gooding, H.J. [19/57] K001150759 Yes
Fishlock, W.C. [s.n.] British Virgin Islands K000369744 Yes
Du, N.V.; Quang, B.H.; Chinh, V.T.; The, P.V.; et al [HNK 2240] Vietnam K001144043 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [37] Ghana K001145694 Yes
Burkill, I.H. [s.n.] K001145680 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149282 Yes
s.coll [114] K001149243 Yes
unknown [s.n.] K000696819 Yes
Randriamboavonjy, T. [RTI 864] Madagascar K001148448 Yes
Cadet, T. [6010] Reunion K001148418 Yes
s.coll [5108] K001142748 Yes
Dash, J.S. [[391/76/57]] Guyana K001150081 Yes
Christenhusz, M.J.M. [5079] Chile K001150738 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [29] Ghana K001145699 Yes
Deighton, F.C. [1355] Sierra Leone K001145681 Yes
Gooding, H.J. [38/57] K001150761 Yes
Rajanoah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 302] Madagascar K001148452 Yes
Podzorski, A.C. [SMHI684] K001144856 Yes
Wilkin, P. [T960] Thailand K000809749 Yes
Rock, J.F.C. [1723] Thailand K001144058 Yes
Wilkin, P. [887] Thailand K000809748 Yes
Hooker, J.D. [s.n.] India K001142736 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [34] Ghana K001145692 Yes
Lister [41] Venezuela K001150540 Yes
Kostermans, A.J.G.H. [18015] Indonesia K001144447 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Dominica K001149266 Yes
Randriamboavonjy, T. [RTI 862] Madagascar K001148443 Yes
Put [1128] Thailand K001144040 Yes
Dawe, M.T. [15] Angola K001148236 Yes
Quintas, F.J.D. [s.n.] Sao Tome and Principe K001146417 Yes
Lace, J.H. [5455] Burma K001142751 Yes
Colchester [2154] Venezuela K001150542 Yes
s.coll [9870-2] K001150085 Yes
s.coll [31920] Puerto Rico K001149259 Yes
Harrison, S.G. [1745] Guyana K001150088 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [33] Ghana K001145689 Yes
Randriamboavonjy, T. [RTI 863] Madagascar K001148444 Yes
Wilkin, P.; Suddee, S.; Puudjaa, P. [1090] Thailand K000809760 Yes
Elbert, J. [1578] Indonesia K001144454 Yes
Cadet, T. [4187] Reunion K001148414 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Trinidad and Tobago K001150764 Yes
Middleton, D.J. [2342] Thailand K000809761 Yes
Degener, O. [15405] Fiji K001145278 Yes
Beusekom, C.F.; Geesink, R.; Phengkhlai, C.; Wongwan, B. [3682] Thailand K000809744 Yes
Wang, F.T. [23621] China K001141977 Yes
s.coll [126] K001149246 Yes
s.coll [1567] India K001142737 Yes
Fiji K:SPC-24286.000 No
Rajaonah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 300] Madagascar K001148442 Yes
Gooding, H.J. [35/57] K001150757 Yes
Deighton, F.C. [1422] Sierra Leone K001145685 Yes
s.coll [5106] Nepal K001142746 Yes
Hildebrandt, J.M. [2977] Madagascar K001148423 Yes
Ochse [s.n.] Indonesia K001144449 Yes
Jayasuriya, A.H.M.; Balasubramaniam, S. [4185] Sri Lanka K001142755 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [1245] Zambia K001148227 Yes
Hansen, B.; Smitinand, T. [12731] Thailand K000809741 Yes
Lace, J.H. [4449] Burma K001142750 Yes
Beusekom, C.F.; Geesink, R.; Phengkhlai, C.; Wongwan, B. [3906] Thailand K000809747 Yes
s.coll [17] Nigeria K001145703 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [1250] Zambia K001148229 Yes
Florence, J. [2899] French Polynesia K000809767 Yes
Put [4352] Thailand K000809738 Yes
Sandwith, N.Y. [1688] Trinidad and Tobago K001149294 Yes
Du, N.V.; Quang, B.H.; Chinh, V.T.; The, P.V.; et al [HNK 2240] Vietnam K001144041 Yes
Haines, H.H. [5128] India K001142732 Yes
Powell, T. [281] Samoa K001145285 Yes
Put [2468] Thailand K001144047 Yes
Wohlhauser, S.; Andriamalaza, H. [SW60131] Madagascar K001148419 Yes
Axelrod, F. [9183] Puerto Rico K000809769 Yes
Balansa, B. [4723] Vietnam K001144060 Yes
Soleman, R. [7534] Tanzania K001147354 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] India K001142726 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [s.n.] United Kingdom K001148238 Yes
Stiefel, S.L. [63] Madagascar K001148422 Yes
Burkill, I.H. [s.n.] Nigeria K001145704 Yes
s.coll [26523] India K001142724 Yes
Simmonds, N.W. [440] K001149291 Yes
Williams, R.O. [10201] Trinidad and Tobago K001149288 Yes
Rajanoah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 303] Madagascar K001148450 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [19918] Thailand K000809742 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [15594] Brazil K001150089 Yes
A.H.G. [s.n.] India K001142718 Yes
Rajanoah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 312] Madagascar K001148456 Yes
Lace, J.H. [2706] Burma K001142749 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149283 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] K001144035 Yes
s.coll [392] India K001142730 Yes
St John, H.; Fosberg, F.R. [14125] French Polynesia K001145279 Yes
Vogt, G.B. [BU-503] Burma K000809737 Yes
Wilkin, P. [999] Thailand K000809754 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [1538] Zambia K001148228 Yes
André, É.F. [267] Colombia K001150539 Yes
s.coll [3430] Philippines K001144850 Yes
s.coll [30147] India K001142721 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [32] Ghana K001145688 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149278 Yes
s.coll [4030] Angola K001148234 Yes
s.coll [F3049] Guyana K001150083 Yes
s.coll [5108] K001142744 Yes
Dash, J.S. [[391/76/37/]] Guyana K001150080 Yes
s.coll [120] K001149251 Yes
Collins, D.J. [43] Thailand K001144057 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [3376] Philippines K001144847 Yes
Bampton, S.S. [5] Belize K001149044 Yes
Smith, A.C. [4709] Fiji K001145277 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] K001142742 Yes
Christiansen, M.S. [3205] Solomon Islands K001145287 Yes
Schomburgk, R.H. [s.n.] Dominican Republic K001149262 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149270 Yes
Peal, J. [23] Uganda K001147350 Yes
Fiji K:SPC-23566.000 No
Philippi; Cuming [547] Philippines K001144851 Yes
Peal, J. [34] Uganda K001147349 Yes
Deighton, F.C. [2929] Sierra Leone K001145683 Yes
Crosby, C.S. [254] Tonga K001145284 Yes
s.coll [118] K001149241 Yes
Kostermans, A.J.G.H.; Wirawan [81A] Indonesia K000809764 Yes
Encarnación, F. [451 [?]] Peru K001150543 Yes
Balfour, I.B. [s.n.] Reunion K001148417 Yes
Murray, H.B. [s.n.] Saint Lucia K001149267 Yes
Gooding, H.J. [01/56] K001150758 Yes
Marmo, V. [14] Sierra Leone K001145684 Yes
Grant, M.L. [4616] French Polynesia K001145272 Yes
Degener, O. [5570] United States K001145275 Yes
s.coll [374] British Virgin Islands K000369745 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [31] Ghana K001145690 Yes
Herb. Kerr, A.F.G. [21077] Laos K001144063 Yes
Robertson, S.A. [3151] Seychelles K001148424 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149281 Yes
Burkill, I.H. [s.n.] United Kingdom K001148224 Yes
Smeds, H. [1405] Ethiopia K001146627 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Puerto Rico K001149258 Yes
Peal, J. [14] Uganda K001147351 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [1395] Zambia K001148230 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [1245] Zambia K001148226 Yes
Ducloux. P. [470] China K001141974 Yes
Collins, D.J. [s.n.] Thailand K001171632 Yes
Collins, D.J. [1537] Thailand K001144056 Yes
s.coll [119] K001149240 Yes
Wilkin, P.; Suddee, S.; Puudjaa, P. [1071] Thailand K000809757 Yes
Pételot, A. [5895] Vietnam K001144032 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [1528A] Thailand K001144048 Yes
Charoenphol, C.; Larsen, K.; Warncke, E. [4575] Thailand K000809745 Yes
s.coll [374] British Virgin Islands K000369747 Yes
Rodrigues; Balfour, I.B. [s.n.] K001148416 Yes
Wilkin, P. [T971] Thailand K000809751 Yes
Wohlhauser, S.; Stiefel, S.L. [SW60138] Madagascar K001148427 Yes
Barter, C. [s.n.] Nigeria K001145686 Yes
Clemens, J.; Clemens, M.S. [26455] K001144446 Yes
Barber, C.A. [20364] India K001142722 Yes
s.coll [1982] Philippines K001144848 Yes
Herb Griffith [5548] India K001142739 Yes
Put [4374] Thailand K001144053 Yes
Buttin, F.C. [13053] Trinidad and Tobago K000809770 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [30] Ghana K001145691 Yes
Collins, D.J. [1498] Thailand K001144051 Yes
Put [2085] Thailand K001144050 Yes
s.coll [122] K001149249 Yes
s.coll [R20842] India K001142719 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [28] Ghana K001145698 Yes
Larsen, K. [8238] Thailand K000809740 Yes
Du, N.V.; Quang, B.H.; Chinh, V.T.; The, P.V.; et al [HNK 2240] Vietnam K001144042 Yes
Eyma, P.J. [377] Indonesia K001144455 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [26] Ghana K001145701 Yes
Christiansen, M.S. [3232] Solomon Islands K001145286 Yes
Collins, D.J. [43] Thailand K001144046 Yes
Luke, W.R.Q.; Kibure, O.; Nacamo, E. [10064] Mozambique K001148225 Yes
s.coll [H9 5108g] K001142745 Yes
Larsen, K. [8472] Thailand K001144055 Yes
Randriamboavonjy, T. [RTI 862] Madagascar K001148446 Yes
s.coll [31920] Puerto Rico K001149256 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149284 Yes
Beusekom, C.F.; Geesink, R.; Phengkhlai, C.; Wongwan, B. [4626] Thailand K000809746 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [2573] Tanzania K001147357 Yes
s.coll [16] United Kingdom K001146418 Yes
s.coll [261] K001148415 Yes
s.coll [574] Singapore K001143259 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [1196] Tanzania K001147358 Yes
Wilkin, P.; Suddee, S.; Puudjaa, P. [1073] Thailand K000809758 Yes
s.coll [31919] Puerto Rico K001149255 Yes
Jayasuriya, A.H.M.; Adachi, I. [3804] Sri Lanka K001142756 Yes
Buttin, F.C. [13053] Trinidad and Tobago K001149293 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] India K001142728 No
Ledermann [13298] Micronesia, Federated States of K001145283 Yes
Haines, H.H. [704] India K001142734 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Trinidad and Tobago K001145281 Yes
Koorders, S.H. [23894B] Indonesia K001144451 Yes
Metzer [K2] Togo K001145687 Yes
s.coll [s.n.] Vietnam K001144038 Yes
Seemann, B.C. [627] Fiji K001145282 Yes
Christiansen, M.S. [71] Solomon Islands K001145288 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149275 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [s.n.] Mozambique K001148237 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149273 Yes
Jenkins, E.E. [s.n.] India K001142738 Yes
Sintenis, P.E.E. [4509] Puerto Rico K001149261 Yes
Williams, R.O. [s.n.] Grenada K001149279 Yes
Rajaonah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 293] Madagascar K001148447 Yes
Christophersen, E. [2801] Samoa K001145273 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [35] Ghana K001145693 Yes
Haines, H.H. [5128] India K001142731 Yes
s.coll [34861] Puerto Rico K001149254 Yes
Rajanoah, M.T.; Randriamboavonjy, T.; Andrianasolo, D. [MT 301] Madagascar K001148453 Yes
Kostermans, A.J.G.H.; Wirawan [102] Indonesia K000809765 Yes
Gooding, H.J. [14/57] K001150760 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [5884] Tanzania K001147352 Yes
s.coll [82] Guam K001145274 Yes
Thwaites, G.H.K. [s.n.] Sri Lanka K001142752 Yes
Pierre, L. [s.n.] K001144045 Yes

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    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

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