Hydrocharitaceae
Najas

Najas marina L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 1015 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Cosmopolitan. It is a hydroannual and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Algeria, Altay, Amur, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Aruba, Assam, Austria, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Bulgaria, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Central American Pacific Is., Central European Russia, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Corse, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, East European Russia, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Finland, Florida, France, Galápagos, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Gulf States, Haiti, Hungary, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Manchuria, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Caucasus, North Dakota, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Ohio, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Pennsylvania, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Réunion, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sicilia, Sinai, Socotra, South Dakota, South European Russia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sumatera, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Texas, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Turks-Caicos Is., Uganda, Ukraine, Utah, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Xinjiang, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Illinois

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Accepted Infraspecifics

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2005). Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 52: 1-415.
  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Adams, C.D. (1972). Flowering Plants of Jamaica: 1-848. University of the West Indies, Mona.
  • Allred, K.W. (2012). Flora Neomexicana, ed. 2, 1: 1-599. Range Science Herbarium, Las Cruces, New Mexico.
  • Bono, G. (1996). Flora Y Vegetacion del Estado Táchira Venezuela: 1-951. Museo Regionaledi Scienze Naturali, Torino.
  • Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2010). Flora Iberica 17: 1-298. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (2000). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 14: 1-307. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 1-632. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Espejo Serena, A. & López-Ferrari, A.R. (1996). Las Monocotiledóneas Mexicanas una Sinopsis Florística 1(6): 1-116. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México, México D.F.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2000). Flora of North America North of Mexico 22: 1-352. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
  • Grubov, V.I. (2001). Key to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia 1: 1-411. Science Publishers, Inc. Enfield, USA. Plymouth, U.K.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1985). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 3. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 1: 5-103.
  • Hashmi, R.Y. & Omer, S. (1987). Flora of Pakistan 176: 1-6. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Hộ, P.-H. (1993). Câycỏ Việtnam. An Illustrated flora of Vietnam 3(1): 1-603d. Pham-hoang Ho, Montréal.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Japan IVa: 1-430. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánes, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador: 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Komiljon, T., Natalya, B., Avazbek, B., Dilnoza, A., Ziyoviddin, Y., Deng, T. & Sun, H. (2020). Flora of the Dzhizak Province, Uzbekistan: 1-523. China Forestry Publishing House.
  • Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
  • Krasnoborov, I.M. (ed.) (2000). Flora of Siberia 1: 1-189. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
  • Leon, H. (1946). Flora de Cuba 1: 1-441. Cultural S. A., La Habana.
  • Liogier, H.A. & Martorell, L.F. (2000). Flora of Puerto Rico and Adjacent Islands: a Systematic Synopsis ed. 2: 1-382. Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, San Juan.
  • Merkodovich, N.A. (ed.) (1941). Flora Uzbekistana 1: 1-566. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Moscoso, R.H. (1943). Catalogus Florae Domingensis: 1-732. New York.
  • Na, H.R. & Choi, H.K. (2009). Two unrecorded species of Najas L. (Hydrocharitaceae) from Korean flora: N. orientalis and N. oguraensis. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 39: 107-113.
  • Nikitina, E.V. & Protopopov, G.F. (eds.) (1952). Flora Kirgizskoi SSR 1: 1-103. Frunze : Izd-vo KirgizFAN SSSR.
  • Ohwi, J. (1984). Flora of Japan (in English): 1-1067. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
  • Ovczinnikov, P.N. (ed.) (1957). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 1: 1-547. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Pavlov, N.V. (ed.) (1956). Flora Kazakhstana 1: 1-354. Alma-Ata, Izd-vo Akademii nauk Kazakhskoi SSR.
  • Powell, A.M. & Worthington, R.D. (2018). Flowering plants of Trans-Pecos Texas and adjacent areas: 1-1444. BRIT Press.
  • Rechinger. K.H. (1971). Flora Iranica 78-86 Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Townsend, C.C. & Guest, E. (eds.) (1985). Flora of Iraq 8: 1-440. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (ed.) (1960-1972). Flora Malesiana 6: 1-1023. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 23: 1-515. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Rui, C. (eds.) (2019). Flora Intramongolica, edition 3, 6: 1-619. Typis Intramongolicae popularis, Huhhot.
  • Zuloaga, F.O. & Morrone, O. (eds.) (1996). Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledoneae). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de la República Argentina 1: 1-323. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • van Proosdij, A.S.J. (2001). Arnoldo's Zakflora ed. 3: 1-287. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.

Flora Zambesiaca

  • L., Sp. Pl.: 1015 (1753).
  • Rendle in Trans. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5 389, t.39 fig. 1–30 (1899).
  • Triest in F.T.E.A., Najadaceae: 2 (1989).
  • Triest in Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Outre-Mer, Cl. Sci. Nat. Méd. 21(4): 23 (1987); 22(1): 43 (1988);

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Adams, C.D. (1972). Flowering Plants of Jamaica: 1-848. University of the West Indies, Mona.
  • Allred, K.W. (2012). Flora Neomexicana, ed. 2, 1: 1-599. Range Science Herbarium, Las Cruces, New Mexico.
  • Berhaut, J. (1988). Flore illustrée du Sénégal 9: 1-522. Gouvernement du Sénégal, Ministère du développement rural direction des eaux et forêta, Dakar.
  • Bosser, J. & al. (1984). Flore des Mascareignes 191-201 IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Boulos, L. (1995). Flora of Egypt Checklist: i-xii, 1-287. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Chaudhary, S.A. (2001). Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 3: 1-368. Ministry of Agriculture & Water, Riyadh.
  • Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (2000). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 14: 1-307. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 1-632. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (1997). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 6: 1-586. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Espejo Serena, A. & López-Ferrari, A.R. (1996). Las Monocotiledóneas Mexicanas una Sinopsis Florística 1(6): 1-116. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México, México D.F.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2000). Flora of North America North of Mexico 22: 1-352. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • GBIF (2008- continuously updated). Global Biodiversity Information Facility http://www.gbif.org/.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
  • Glazkova, E.A. (2012). On some rare vascular plant species from the islands of the Vyborg bay (Leningrad region). Botanicheskii Zhurnal. Moscow & Leningrad 97: 512-523.
  • Grubov, V.I. (2001). Key to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia 1: 1-411. Science Publishers, Inc. Enfield, USA. Plymouth, U.K.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1985). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 3. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 1: 5-103.
  • Hashmi, R.Y. & Omer, S. (1987). Flora of Pakistan 176: 1-6. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánes, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador: 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kharkevich, S.S. (ed.) (1987). Plantae Vasculares Orientalis Extremi Sovietici 2: 1-448. Nauka, Leningrad.
  • Krasnoborov, I.M. (ed.) (2000). Flora of Siberia 1: 1-189. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
  • Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
  • Leon, H. (1946). Flora de Cuba 1: 1-441. Cultural S. A., La Habana.
  • Liogier, H.A. & Martorell, L.F. (2000). Flora of Puerto Rico and Adjacent Islands: a Systematic Synopsis ed. 2: 1-382. Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, San Juan.
  • Lowden, R.M. (1986). Taxonomy of the Genus Najas L. (Najadaceae) in the Neotropics. Aquatic Botany 24: 147-184.
  • Maire, R. (1952). Flore de l'Afrique du Nord 1: 1-366. Paul Lechevalier, Paris.
  • Merkodovich, N.A. (ed.) (1941). Flora Uzbekistana 1: 1-566. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Moscoso, R.H. (1943). Catalogus Florae Domingensis: 1-732. New York.
  • Nikitina, E.V. & Protopopov, G.F. (eds.) (1952). Flora Kirgizskoi SSR 1: 1-103. Frunze : Izd-vo KirgizFAN SSSR.
  • Ohwi, J. (1984). Flora of Japan (in English): 1-1067. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
  • Ovczinnikov, P.N. (ed.) (1957). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 1: 1-547. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Pavlov, N.V. (ed.) (1956). Flora Kazakhstana 1: 1-354. Alma-Ata, Izd-vo Akademii nauk Kazakhskoi SSR.
  • Rechinger. K.H. (1971). Flora Iranica 78-86 Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Timberlake, J.R. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2009). Flora Zambesiaca 12(2): 1-208. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Townsend, C.C. & Guest, E. (eds.) (1985). Flora of Iraq 8: 1-440. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
  • Triest, L. & Symoens, J.J. (1983). Flore d'Afrique Centrale (Zaïre - Rwanda - Burundi) Najadaceae: 1-9. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise.
  • Triest, L. (1989). Najadaceae. Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-9.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Zuloaga, F.O. & Morrone, O. (eds.) (1996). Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledoneae). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de la República Argentina 1: 1-323. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • de Moura Júnior, E.G. & al. (2015). Updated checklist of aquatic macrophytes from Northern Brazil. Acta Amazonica 45: 111-132.
  • van Proosdij, A.S.J. (2001). Arnoldo's Zakflora ed. 3: 1-287. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • L., Sp. Pl.: 1015 (1753).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 1984 Gollmer [s.n.] Venezuela K000587199 Type Yes
Stewart, R.R. [3346] India K002907457 Yes
Thomson, T. [s.n.] India K002907452 Yes
Townsend, C.C. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002907217 No
[Bour] [s.n.] K002907357 Yes
Bornmuller, J. [1838] Iraq K002907328 Yes
Duthie, J.F. [8549] India K002907453 Yes
Stewart, R.R. [s.n.] India K002907456 Yes
Hasan; Rawi [32137] K002907331 Yes
Uotila, P. [18230] India K002907460 Yes
Cumana C., L.J. [0509] Venezuela K002907956 No
Bennett, M.; Bennett, A. [s.n.] K002907218 No
Cook, C.D.K.; Gut, B.J. [24] India K002907449 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002907402 Yes
Oldfield [s.n.] Australia K002907572 Yes
Ekman, E.L. [H3351] Haiti K002907948 No
Brenan, J.P.M. [3903] United Kingdom K002907216 No
Loveless, A.R. [3702] Jamaica K002907947 No
Omar, S.; Hamad, K. [50383] K002907327 Yes
Ellerton Stocks, J. [464] India K002907451 Yes
Clarke, C.B. [31879] India K000912592 Unknown Type Material Yes
Santapau, H. [10403] India K002907458 Yes
Swaby, R. [s.n.] Australia K002907573 Yes
Griffith, W. [103] K000912607 Holotype Yes
Miller, A.G. [7545] Oman K002907358 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [3903] United Kingdom K002907215 No
Gwynne-Vaughan [300] Thailand K002907513 Yes
Imada, C. [2001-53] United States K002907611 Yes
s.coll. [1250] K002907330 Yes
Cook, C.D.K.; Frey, R. [4526] India K002907459 Yes
Cotton, C. [1617] United Kingdom K002907223 No
Ehrenberg, C.G. [s.n.] K002907356 Yes
Bernaldi, L.; Charpin, A.; Jacquemoud, F. [16940] Venezuela K002907957 No
Brown, E.S. [3477] Iran K002907359 Yes
Hooker, J.D. [639] India K000912593 Unknown Type Material Yes
Matthew, K.M. [12786] India K002907455 Yes
Griffith, W. [s.n.] K000912604 Unknown Type Material Yes
Griffith, W. [398] K000912606 Unknown Type Material Yes
Brown, N.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002907219 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] United States K002907612 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] K002907403 Yes
Griffith, W. [398] K000912605 Unknown Type Material Yes
Stewart, R.R. [3370] India K002907450 Yes
Toplayan [435 (1124)] K002907225 No
Sintenis, P. [1231] K002907400 Yes
Cook, C.D.K.; Gallucci, R. [5407] Italy K002907144 No
Ross, H. [68] K002907181 No
Averyanov, L.; Geltman, D.; Dorofeev, V. [1983] Russia K002907143 No
Popov, M.G.; Vvedensky, A.I. [s.n.] K002907399 Yes
Sintenis, P. [1231] K002907401 Yes
Salmon, C.E.; Bennett, A. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002907221 No
India K:SPC-40203.000 No
Popov, M.G.; Vvedensky, A.I. [s.n.] K002907398 Yes
Thamer [46705] K002907329 Yes
Duthie, J.F. [8549] India K002907454 Yes
[A. M] [s.n.] United States K002907613 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002907332 Yes
[H. Garves] [1617] United Kingdom K002907220 No
Cotton, C. [1517] United Kingdom K002907222 No

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images