Poaceae
Guadua

Guadua macrospiculata Londoño & L.G.Clark

First published in Novon 12: 65 (2002)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Colombia to N. Brazil. It is a bamboo and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.

Descriptions

Distribution
Biogeografic region: Amazonia. Elevation range: 80–100 m a.s.l. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Amazonas.
Habit
Tree.
[UPFC]

Morphology General Habit
Perennial; caespitose. Rhizomes short; pachymorph. Culms scandent; pendulous at the tip; 800-1500 cm long; 18-40 mm diam.; woody; with root thorns from the nodes. Culm-internodes terete; thick-walled, or solid; 11-32 cm long; distally pubescent. Culm-nodes with distinct supra-nodal ridge; pubescent. Lateral branches dendroid; intravaginal. Bud complement 1. Branch complement many; with 1 branch dominant. Culm-sheaths deciduous; 6-14.5 cm long; coriaceous; glabrous; hairy on margins; without auricles, or auriculate; with 1-3 mm high auricles; ciliate on shoulders; shoulders with curved hairs; shoulders with 3 mm long hairs. Culm-sheath ligule 1-1.5 mm high; ciliate. Culm-sheath blade ovate; demarcated but persistent; erect; 2-10 cm long; 25-90 mm wide; pubescent. Leaves 5-15 per branch. Leaf-sheaths glabrous on surface, or pubescent; outer margin hairy. Leaf-sheath oral hairs setose; erect, or curly; 3-10 mm long. Leaf-sheath auricles falcate; 0.5-1.25 mm long. Ligule a ciliolate membrane; 0.25 mm long. Collar with external ligule. Leaf-blade base with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath; petiole 0.1-0.15 cm long; petiole pubescent. Leaf-blades lanceolate; 2-12 cm long; 8-28 mm wide. Leaf-blade midrib conspicuous. Leaf-blade venation with 12-14 secondary veins; with distinct cross veins. Leaf-blade surface smooth, or scabrous; rough abaxially; glabrous, or pilose; hairy adaxially. Leaf-blade margins scabrous. Leaf-blade apex attenuate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Synflorescence bractiferous; clustered at the nodes; in untidy tufts; with glumaceous subtending bracts; with axillary buds at base of spikelet; prophyllate below lateral spikelets; leafless between clusters. Fertile spikelets sessile.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1-2 basal sterile florets; 6-17 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets linear, or lanceolate; subterete; 30-170 mm long; 3-5 mm wide; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes 4-9 mm long; glabrous.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1-2 basal sterile florets; 6-17 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets linear, or lanceolate; subterete; 30-170 mm long; 3-5 mm wide; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes 4-9 mm long; glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes several; 0 empty glumes; persistent; similar; shorter than spikelet. Upper glume ovate; 4-8 mm long; coriaceous; without keels. Upper glume lateral veins with cross-veins. Upper glume surface glabrous, or puberulous; inner surface pubescent. Upper glume margins eciliate. Upper glume apex acute; mucronate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Basal sterile florets similar; barren; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret elliptic; 6-14 mm long; chartaceous; 17-20 -veined; pubescent; hairy above; acuminate; mucronate. Palea of lower sterile floret 1 mm long. Fertile lemma elliptic; 15-24 mm long; 7-10 mm wide; coriaceous; without keel; 18-25 -veined. Lemma lateral veins with cross-veins. Lemma surface glabrous; inner surface pubescent. Lemma apex acuminate; mucronate. Palea 10-16 mm long; 11-13 -veined; 2-keeled. Palea keels winged; conspicuously winged; ciliolate; adorned above; with 0.5 of their length adorned. Palea surface pubescent; hairy on back. Apical sterile florets 1 in number; rudimentary.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Lodicules 3; 4-8 mm long; membranous; veined; ciliate. Anthers 6; 6-7 mm long; yellow; anther tip apiculate. Stigmas 3. Ovary pubescent on apex.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; fusiform; 7 mm long.
Distribution
South America: western South America and Brazil.
Reference
Bambuseae. Londonho & Clark 2002.
[GB]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Nativa en Colombia; Alt. 80 - 100 m.; Amazonia.
Morphology General Habit
Árbol
Conservation
No Evaluada
[CPLC]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: low confidence
[AERP]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0