- Family:
- Euphorbiaceae Juss.
Jatropha L.

[FTEA]
Euphorbiaceae, A. R.-Smith. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1987
- Morphology General Habit
- Monoecious or rarely dioecious trees, shrubs, subshrubs or herbs with the stems arising from a thick perennial rootstock
- Morphology General Indumentum
- Indumentum simple, sometimes glandular
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, crowded and fasciculate or laxly arranged, simple, generally palmatilobed, less commonly pinnatilobed or entire, petiolate or sessile, stipulate, the stipules usually multifid with setaceous segments, sometimes laciniate, sometimes rigid and spiny, and branched or not
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescences terminal or axillary, often corymbiform, dichotomously cymose, androgynous, protogynous, with a solitary ♀ flower terminating each major axis, lateral cymules ♂; bracts usually entire, sometimes glandular-fimbriate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Male flowers: sepals (4–)5(–6), often ± connate at the base, imbricate; petals 5, free or ± coherent and then simulating a gamopetalous corolla, imbricate or contorted, rarely 0, in which case the calyx petaloid; disc entire or composed of 5 free glands; stamens 6–10, rarely more, commonly arranged in 2 distinct whorls (commonly 5 + 3) with those of the outer whorl opposite the petals, filaments partially fused into a column, anthers longitudinally dehiscent, staminodes (when present) filiform; pistillode 0 Female flowers: sepals and petals ± as in the ♂ flowers; staminodes sometimes present; disc annular, 5-lobed or composed of free glands; ovary (1–)2–3(–5)-locular, with 1 ovule per locule; styles connate at the base, spreading, entire or shortly bifid
- sex Male
- Male flowers: sepals (4–)5(–6), often ± connate at the base, imbricate; petals 5, free or ± coherent and then simulating a gamopetalous corolla, imbricate or contorted, rarely 0, in which case the calyx petaloid; disc entire or composed of 5 free glands; stamens 6–10, rarely more, commonly arranged in 2 distinct whorls (commonly 5 + 3) with those of the outer whorl opposite the petals, filaments partially fused into a column, anthers longitudinally dehiscent, staminodes (when present) filiform; pistillode 0
- sex Female
- Female flowers: sepals and petals ± as in the ♂ flowers; staminodes sometimes present; disc annular, 5-lobed or composed of free glands; ovary (1–)2–3(–5)-locular, with 1 ovule per locule; styles connate at the base, spreading, entire or shortly bifid
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit usually schizocarpic, ovoid or subglobose, dehiscing septicidally or loculicidally into 3 bivalved cocci, rarely subdrupaceous and ± indehiscent; endocarp crustaceous or indurated
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds ovoid or oblong, carunculate, the caruncle often much-divided, testa crustaceous, albumen fleshy; cotyledons broad, flat.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Monoecious or rarely dioecious trees, shrubs or tuberous-rooted herbs, containing latex, with an indumentum of simple, sometimes glandular hairs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate or clustered on short shoots, simple, usually lobed; stipules present, sometimes modified to spines, branched or not
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescences cymose with a female flower terminating each primary axis and lateral cymules of male flowers, or female flower inserted at the base of an otherwise male inflorescence
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 6–10, rarely more, often in 2 whorls of 5 + 3 with filaments fused into a column
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Female flowers: sepals and petals as in male but larger; staminodes sometimes present; disc entire, 5-lobed or of 5 free glands; ovary (1–)2–3(–5)-celled, with 1 ovule per cell; styles entire or bifid Male flowers: sepals (4–)5(–6), imbricate; petals 5, imbricate or contorted, rarely absent; disc entire or of 5 free glands
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit dehiscing septicidally or loculicidally into 3 bivalved cocci, rarely subdrupaceous and ± indehiscent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds with caruncle.
- Distribution
- Some 175 species throughout the drier tropics and subtropics, extending into extratropical N America and S Africa. About 70 species in Africa with a notable centre of diversity in NE tropical Africa.
[FZ]
Euphorbiaceae, A. Radcliffe-Smith. Flora Zambesiaca 9:4. 1996
- Morphology General Habit
- Monoecious, rarely dioecious, trees shrubs subshrubs or herbs with the stems arising from a thick perennial rootstock.
- Morphology General Indumentum
- Indumentum simple and/or glandular.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves alternate, stipulate, petiolate or sessile, simple, entire, lobed or partitely divided, penninerved or palminerved.
- Morphology Leaves Stipules
- Stipules subulate, bifid or multifid, usually glandular.
- Morphology Leaves Petiole
- Petioles usually eglandular.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescences terminal or subterminal, often corymbiform, cymose, androgynous, protogynous, a solitary female flower terminating each major axis, lateral cymules male; bracts entire or glandular-stipitate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Male flowers: calyx usually 5-lobed, lobes imbricate; petals 5, free or sometimes laterally coherent, imbricate or contorted; disk usually of 5 free glands; stamens 8 (Flora Zambesiaca area), in 2 fused whorls (5 + 3), outer whorl opposite the petals, anthers dorsifixed, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode absent. Female flowers: calyx and petals more or less as in the male flowers; disk annular, 5-lobed, or sometimes of 5 free glands; staminodes (when present) filiform; ovary usually 3-locular, with 1 ovule per loculus; styles usually united at the base, erect or spreading, stigmas 3, usually bifid and somewhat tumid.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit shallowly 3-lobed, dehiscing septicidally into 3 bivalved cocci, less often loculicidally into 3 valves, sometimes subdrupaceous, indehiscent; endocarp crustaceous or slightly woody; columella persistent.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds usually shiny, carunculate, the caruncle usually bifid, fimbriate; testa crustaceous; albumen fleshy; cotyledons broad, flat.
Native to:
Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Aruba, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Cayman Is., Central African Repu, Chad, Chile North, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Leeward Is., Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Netherlands Antilles, New Mexico, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Oman, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Socotra, Somalia, Southwest Caribbean, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Uganda, Uruguay, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is., Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Andaman Is., Assam, Bermuda, Borneo, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Caroline Is., China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Fiji, Florida, Gabon, Galápagos, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, Hawaii, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Malaya, Maluku, Marianas, Marquesas, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Philippines, Queensland, Samoa, Seychelles, Society Is., South China Sea, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Tuvalu, Wallis-Futuna Is.
- Jatropha aceroides (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Hutch.
- Jatropha aethiopica Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha afrotuberosa Radcl.-Sm. & Govaerts
- Jatropha alamanii Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha andrieuxii Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha angustifolia Griseb.
- Jatropha aspleniifolia Pax
- Jatropha atacorensis A.Chev.
- Jatropha augusti Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha bartlettii Wilbur
- Jatropha baumii Pax
- Jatropha botswanica Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha breviloba (Morong) Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha brockmanii Hutch.
- Jatropha bullockii E.J.Lott
- Jatropha calcarea Fern.Casas
- Jatropha campestris S.Moore
- Jatropha canescens (Benth.) Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha capensis (L.f.) Sond.
- Jatropha cardiophylla (Torr.) Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha cathartica Terán & Berland.
- Jatropha catingae Ule
- Jatropha × ceballosii Fern.Casas
- Jatropha chamelensis Pérez-Jim.
- Jatropha chevalieri Beille
- Jatropha ciliata Sessé
- Jatropha cinerea (Ortega) Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha clavuligera Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha collina Thulin
- Jatropha confusa Hutch.
- Jatropha contrerasii J.Jiménez Ram. & Mart.Gord.
- Jatropha conzattii J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha cordata (Ortega) Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha costaricensis G.L.Webster & Poveda
- Jatropha crinita Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha cuneata Wiggins & Rollins
- Jatropha curcas L.
- Jatropha decipiens M.E.Jones
- Jatropha decumbens Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha dehganii J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha dhofarica Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha dichtar J.F.Macbr.
- Jatropha dioica Sessé
- Jatropha dissecta (Chodat & Hassl.) Pax
- Jatropha divaricata Sw.
- Jatropha elbae J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha ellenbeckii Pax
- Jatropha elliptica (Pohl) Oken
- Jatropha erythropoda Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha euarguta M.G.Gilbert & Thulin
- Jatropha excisa Griseb.
- Jatropha fremontioides Standl.
- Jatropha gallabatensis Schweinf.
- Jatropha galvanii J.Jiménez Ram. & L.M.Contr.
- Jatropha gaumeri Greenm.
- Jatropha giffordiana Dehgan & G.L.Webster
- Jatropha glandulifera Roxb.
- Jatropha glauca Vahl
- Jatropha glaucovirens Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha gossypiifolia L.
- Jatropha grossidentata Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha guaranitica Speg.
- Jatropha × hastifolia Fern.Casas
- Jatropha hernandiifolia Vent.
- Jatropha heynei N.P.Balakr.
- Jatropha hieronymi Kuntze
- Jatropha hildebrandtii Pax
- Jatropha hippocastanifolia Croizat
- Jatropha hirsuta Hochst.
- Jatropha horizontalis M.G.Gilbert
- Jatropha humboldtiana McVaugh
- Jatropha humifusa Thulin
- Jatropha hypogyna Radcl.-Sm. & Thulin
- Jatropha inaequispina Thulin
- Jatropha integerrima Jacq.
- Jatropha intermedia (Chodat & Hassl.) Pax
- Jatropha isabellei Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha jaimejimenezii V.W.Steinm.
- Jatropha kamerunica Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha krusei J.Jiménez Ram. & Mart.Gord.
- Jatropha lagarinthoides Sond.
- Jatropha latifolia Pax
- Jatropha longibracteata A.S.Moreira & Carn.-Torres
- Jatropha loristipula Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha macrantha Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha macrocarpa Griseb.
- Jatropha macrophylla Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha macrorhiza Benth.
- Jatropha mahafalensis Jum. & H.Perrier
- Jatropha maheshwarii Subram. & M.P.Nayar
- Jatropha malacophylla Standl.
- Jatropha marginata Chiov.
- Jatropha marmorata Thulin
- Jatropha martiusii (Pohl) Baill.
- Jatropha mcvaughii Dehgan & G.L.Webster
- Jatropha melanosperma Pax
- Jatropha microdonta Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha mirandana J.Jiménez Ram. & K.Vega
- Jatropha miskatensis Thulin
- Jatropha mollis Pax
- Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill.
- Jatropha monroi S.Moore
- Jatropha moranii Dehgan & G.L.Webster
- Jatropha multifida L.
- Jatropha mutabilis (Pohl) Baill.
- Jatropha nana Dalzell & A.Gibson
- Jatropha natalensis Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha neopauciflora Pax
- Jatropha neriifolia Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha nogalensis Chiov.
- Jatropha nudicaulis Benth.
- Jatropha oaxacana J.Jiménez Ram. & R.Torres
- Jatropha obbiadensis Chiov.
- Jatropha oblanceolata Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha orangeana Dinter ex P.G.Mey.
- Jatropha ortegae Standl.
- Jatropha pachypoda Pax
- Jatropha pachyrrhiza Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha paganuccii A.S.Moreira & Carn.-Torres
- Jatropha palmatifida Baker
- Jatropha palmatipartita Dehgan
- Jatropha paradoxa (Chiov.) Chiov.
- Jatropha pauciflora C.Wright ex Griseb.
- Jatropha paxii Croizat
- Jatropha pedersenii Lourteig
- Jatropha peiranoi Lourteig & O'Donell
- Jatropha pelargoniifolia Courbon
- Jatropha peltata Sessé
- Jatropha pereziae J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha phillipseae Rendle
- Jatropha podagrica Hook.
- Jatropha prunifolia Pax
- Jatropha pseudocurcas Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha purpurea Rose
- Jatropha ribifolia (Pohl) Baill.
- Jatropha riojae Miranda
- Jatropha rivae Pax
- Jatropha robecchii Pax
- Jatropha rosea Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha rufescens Brandegee
- Jatropha rzedowskii J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha scaposa Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha schlechteri Pax
- Jatropha schweinfurthii Pax
- Jatropha seineri Pax
- Jatropha somalensis Pax
- Jatropha sotoi-nunyezii Fern.Casas & E.Martínez
- Jatropha spicata Pax
- Jatropha spinosa Vahl
- Jatropha spinosissima Thulin
- Jatropha standleyi Steyerm.
- Jatropha stephani J.Jiménez Ram. & Mart.Gord.
- Jatropha stevensii G.L.Webster
- Jatropha stuhlmannii Pax
- Jatropha subaequiloba Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha sympetala S.F.Blake & Standl.
- Jatropha tanjorensis J.L.Ellis & Saroja
- Jatropha tehuantepecana J.Jiménez Ram. & A.Campos Vilb.
- Jatropha tenuicaulis Thulin
- Jatropha tetracantha Chiov.
- Jatropha tlalcozotitlanensis J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha trifida Chiov.
- Jatropha tropaeolifolia Pax
- Jatropha tupifolia Griseb.
- Jatropha uncinulata Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha unicostata Balf.f.
- Jatropha variabilis Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha variegata Vahl
- Jatropha variifolia Pax
- Jatropha velutina Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha vernicosa Brandegee
- Jatropha villosa Wight
- Jatropha weberbaueri Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha websteri J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha weddeliana Baill.
- Jatropha woodii Kuntze
- Jatropha zeyheri Sond.
Jatropha L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rocha, R. [1418], Brazil | K001210053 | Yes | |||
Passos, L. [388], Brazil | K001210052 | Yes | |||
Eiten, G. [10471], Brazil | K001210054 | Yes | |||
Tschá, M.C. [749], Brazil | K001210051 | Yes |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753)
Accepted by
- Dehgan, B. (2012). Flora Neotropica, Monograph 110: 1-273.
- Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- Pax in Engl. Pflanzenr. Euph. 1: 21 (1910).
- —F.T.A. 6, 1: 775
Flora Zambesiaca
- Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 437 (1754).
- Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753), pro parte
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
- Hemming & Radcliffe-Smith in Kew Bull. 42: 103–122 (1987).
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Dehgan & Webster, Univ. Cal. Publ., Bot. 74: 1–73, 33 pls. (1979)
- G.P. 3(1): 290 (1880)
- Hutch. in F.T.A. 6(1): 775 (1912)
- L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 437 (1754)
- Muell. Arg. in DC., Prodr. 15(2): 1076 (1866)
- Pax in E.P. IV. 147(1): 21 (1910)
- Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753), pro parte,
-
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Neotropikey
Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Plants and People Africa
Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
© Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/