Rubiaceae

Galium L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 105 (1753)
This genus is accepted
The native range of this genus is Cosmopolitan.

Distribution

Native to:

Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Aleutian Is., Algeria, Altay, Amur, Angola, Antipodean Is., Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Central European Russia, Chad, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Crozet Is., Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Is., Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Føroyar, Galápagos, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Greenland, Guatemala, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Kerguelen, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., KwaZulu-Natal, Labrador, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Libya, Louisiana, Macquarie Is., Madagascar, Madeira, Magadan, Maine, Malawi, Maluku, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Nicaragua, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russia, Northern Provinces, Northwest European Russia, Northwest Territories, Norway, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Selvagens, Sicilia, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russia, South Georgia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sumatera, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Yukon, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Hawaii, Mauritius, Nigeria, Ogasawara-shoto, Réunion, Svalbard, Tristan da Cunha

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Accepted Species

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Thompson, I.R. (2009). A revision of Asperula and Galium (Rubieae: Rubiaceae) in Australia. Muelleria 27: 36-112.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • —F.T.A. 3: 244.

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 46 (1754).
  • Sp. Pl.1: 105 (1753)

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 46 (1754)
  • Sp. Pl.: 105 (1753)

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Dec 23, 2023 Della, A. [2063] Cyprus K001519051 Yes
Feb 24, 2015 Didier, G. [52] France K001045007 No
Jul 1, 2011 Kollmann, L.; Berger, M.V.S.; Ribeiro, R. [5911] Brazil K000771008 Yes
Jul 1, 2011 Vervloet, R.R.; Pizziolo, W.; Bausen, E. [417] Brazil K000771006 Yes
Jan 1, 2011 Goldenberg, R., et al. [1412] Brazil K000771156 Yes
Jan 1, 2011 Forzza, R.C.; Labiak, P.H.; Fraga, C.N. [5312] Brazil K000771179 Yes
Jan 1, 1999 Archibald, J.C. [2332] Iran K000173381 Yes
Jan 1, 1999 Archibald, J.C. [2332] Iran K000771359 Yes
Jan 1, 1989 Wheeler-Haines, R. [W1564] Iraq K000959953 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1986 Stewart, R.R. [21749] India K000265540 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1986 Stewart, R.R. [21749] India K000265539 Holotype Yes
Jan 1, 1985 Hartweg [1076] K000470485 Holotype Yes
Jan 1, 1985 Rix, E.M. [62] Türkiye K000174970 Yes
Jan 1, 1985 Rix, E.M. [62] Türkiye K000174969 Yes
Jan 1, 1980 McNeill, J. [579] Türkiye K000772491 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1980 McNeill, J. [457] Türkiye K000772496 Unknown Type Material Yes
May 1, 1976 Poore, M.E.D. [611] Iraq K000772489 Type Yes
May 1, 1976 Poore, M.E.D. [611] Iraq K000172714 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1976 Wheeler-Haines, R. [W1564] Iraq K000172715 Lectotype Yes
Jan 1, 1957 Pichler, T. [s.n.] Caucasus K000772528 Unknown Type Material Yes
Jan 1, 1882 Wallich [6212] K000265538 Unknown Type Material Yes
Pennell, F.W. [3238] Colombia K001445381 Yes
Lourteig, A. [2175] Brazil K001204872 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [371] Brazil K001204878 Yes
Burchell [3800] Brazil K001204875 Yes
Fontana, A.P. [4803] Brazil K001204877 Yes
Cavalerie, J. [367] China K000772573 Unknown Type Material Yes
Santamaría, D.; Monro, A.K. [10130] Costa Rica K001577135 Yes
Mendoza, H.; Cahen, D.; Suarez, C. [19989] Colombia K001577169 Yes
Maire, R.P. [s.n.] China K001567943 Yes
Irwin, H.S. [19716] Brazil K001204874 Yes
Boissier, P.E. [98] Spain K000772369 Unknown Type Material Yes
Boissier, P.E. [98] Spain K000772370 Unknown Type Material Yes
Lace, J.H. [249] India K000031867 Type Yes
Davis, P.H. [9038] K000172697 Type Yes
Gardner [438] Brazil K001204868 Yes
Pollard, B.J. [1109] Cameroon K001518965 Yes
Braithwaite, A.F. [s.n.] Slovenia K001634853 Yes
Braithwaite, A.F. [s.n.] Slovenia K001634851 Yes
Coville, F.V.; Funston, F. [1098] United States K000772706 Unknown Type Material Yes
Carrasco, M.A.;Castroviejo, S.; Cirujano, S.; Velayos, M. [s.n.] Morocco K001873318 No
Pederson, T.M. [10640] United Kingdom K001935174 No
Bourgeau, E. [107] Algeria K000422971 Unknown Type Material Yes
Heringer, E.P. [16026] Brazil K001204882 Yes
Thomson, T. [s.n.] India K000031869 Type Yes
Nuttall [s.n.] United States K000772708 Unknown Type Material Yes
Lippincott, J.S. [s.n.] United States K000772707 Unknown Type Material Yes
Boissier, P.E. [s.n.] Spain K000772371 Unknown Type Material Yes
Cavalerie, J. [367] China K000772574 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gomez, W. [Cat. no. 7291] K001127119 Unknown Type Material Yes
Hunt, D.R. [6377] Brazil K001204871 Yes
Lourteig, A. [2131] Brazil K001204873 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [14303] Brazil K001204881 Yes
Hooker [s.n.] Morocco K000422972 Unknown Type Material Yes
Boissier, P.E. [s.n.] Spain K000772374 Unknown Type Material Yes
Kirkbride, J.H., Jr. [5524] Brazil K001204869 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United States K000772421 Unknown Type Material Yes
Eiten, G. [6617] Brazil K001204884 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] K001132357 Unknown Type Material Yes
Davis, P.H.; Hedge, I.C. [30844] Türkiye K000772498 Isotype Yes
Davis, P.H.; Hedge, I.C. [31640] Türkiye K000772492 Type Yes
Boissier, P.E. [99] Spain K000772373 Unknown Type Material Yes
Boissier, P.E. [99] Spain K000772372 Unknown Type Material Yes
Chile K000470462 Unknown Type Material Yes
Martinelli, G. [10897] Brazil K001204883 Yes
Eiten, G. [6602] Brazil K001204870 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [18342] Brazil K001204880 Yes
Ball, J. [s.n.] Morocco K000422974 Unknown Type Material Yes
Heringer, E.P. [18342] Brazil K001204879 Yes
Hooker [s.n.] Morocco K000422973 Unknown Type Material Yes
Buchanan-Hamilton, F. [Cat. no. s.n.] Iran K001132358 Unknown Type Material Yes
Baker, C.F. [614] United States K000772687 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6214] K001123321 Unknown Type Material Yes
Douglas, D. [s.n.] United States K000772705 Unknown Type Material Yes
Rein; von Fritsch, K. [249] Morocco K000422975 Unknown Type Material Yes
Camerick, A.M. [158] Brazil K001204876 Yes
Eiten, G. [7171] Brazil K001204885 Yes
Baldacci, A. [218] Greece K000772515 Unknown Type Material Yes
S.Coll. [S.n.] Gallium K003715247 Yes

Sources

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images