- Family:
- Rubiaceae Juss.
Coffea L.

[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Shrubs or small trees
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite; stipules very shortly united, obtuse to acuminate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers (4–)5–8(–12)-merous, isostylous, fragrant, in few- to many-flowered axillary clusters or solitary
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx-limb very short, truncate to ± dentate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla-tube cylindrical to funnel-shaped; lobes contorted in bud, spreading
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 2-celled, each cell with a solitary ovule attached to middle of septum; style slender, 2-lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a drupe with (1–)2 1-seeded stones
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seed with a groove on ventral (inner) side.
- Distribution
- Genus of some 125 species, native to tropical Africa, Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands.
[FTEA]
Rubiaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1976
- Morphology General Habit
- Shrubs or small trees
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite, petiolate, glabrous; domatia usually present, the cavity completely or partially defined, glabrous or pubescent; stipules very shortly united above the axils, obtuse to aristate, usually with colleters within
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers hermaphrodite, (4–)5–8(–12)-merous, borne with leaves or precociously, 1–many per axil or rarely terminal on spurs; inflorescence-stalks (including pedicel) individual or grouped on common peduncle, glabrous or pubescent (but this character is often obscured by resinous exudate); bracteoles 1–4, usually cupular, stipule-like with rudimentary lobes or sometimes bearing 2 linear or subfoliaceous lobes; occasionally additional free, scale-like bracteoles are borne towards apex of inflorescence-stalks
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx-tube campanulate to turbinate; limb usually ± obsolete and shorter than the disc, occasionally equalling or rarely exceeding the disc, truncate to dentate, usually beset with colleters
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla white or occasionally pink, glabrous; tube cylindrical and widened at throat or somewhat funnel-shaped, shorter than, subequal to or, occasionally, a little longer than the lobes; lobes contorted in bud, spreading
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens attached at mouth of corolla-tube, exserted, erect; filaments ± 1/3 the length of the anther; anthers linear, attached dorsally up to 1/3 from the base
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
- Disc annular
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary 2-locular; ovules solitary, subpeltately attached to the middle of the septum; style slender, glabrous, exceeding the corolla-tube; stigma exserted, with 2 usually divergent arms
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a ± ellipsoidal drupe, usually fleshy, containing (1–)2, ± coriaceous, 1-seeded pyrenes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seed oblong-ellipsoid, grooved on inner face; testa thin with compressed cellular sculpturing that superficially appears striated, shiny (referred to as silver-skin by coffee growers); endosperm pale in colour, horny, asymmetrically folded from the groove; embryo erect, somewhat curved.
[FZ]
Rubiaceae, D.M.Bridson & B.Verdcourt. Flora Zambesiaca 5:3. 2003
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
- Disk annular.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary 2-locular; ovules solitary, subpeltately attached to the middle of the septum; style slender, glabrous, exceeding the corolla tube; stigma exserted with 2 usually divergent arms*.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a ± ellipsoidal drupe, usually containing (1)2 ± coriaceous, 1-seeded pyrenes.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seed oblong-ellipsoid, grooved on inner face; testa thin with compressed cellular sculpturing that superficially appears striated, shiny (referred to as “silver- skin” by coffee growers); endosperm pale in colour, horny, asymmetrically folded from the groove; embryo erect, somewhat curved.
- Morphology General Habit
- Shrubs or small trees.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite, petiolate, glabrous; domatia usually present, the cavity completely or partially defined, glabrous or pubescent; stipules very shortly united above the axils, obtuse or aristate, usually with colleters within.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers hermaphrodite, (4)5–8(12)-merous, borne with leaves or precociously (or terminal on spurs, in subgen. Baracoffea, not in the Flora Zambesiaca area); inflorescence units 1 or 2–4 per leaf axil; inflorescence stalks (including pedicel) individual or grouped on a common peduncle, glabrous or pubescent (but this character is often obscured by sticky exudate); cupular bracts/bracteoles (cupules*) in a series of 1–3(4), each with 2 stipule-derived (stipular lobes) and 2 leaf- derived (foliar lobes) (TAB. 92/B6) and with colleters within; stipular lobes usually stipule-like; foliar lobes rudimentary, linear or subfoliaceous; occasionally a bracteolar cupule present at base of pedicel, variously divided sometimes ± to the base; scale-like bractlets borne along true pedicel up to base of calyx tube or absent, often with colleters partly protruding.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx tube campanulate to turbinate; limb usually ± obsolete and shorter than the disk, occasionally equalling or rarely exceeding the disk, truncate to dentate, usually beset with colleters.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla white or occasionally pink, glabrous; tube cylindrical and widened at throat or somewhat funnel-shaped, shorter than, subequal to or, occasionally a little longer than the lobes; lobes contorted in to the left bud, spreading.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens attached at mouth of corolla tube, exserted, semi-erect to divergent; filaments ± one-third the length of the anther; anthers linear, attached dorsally up to one-third from the base.
[FTEA]
Rubiaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1976
- Morphology General Habit
- Shrubs or small trees
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite, petiolate, papery to subcoriaceous; domatia usually present, hairy; stipules shortly sheathing, with a truncate to triangular limb usually bearing a linear to subulate lobe, often caducous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers appearing precociously or not, hermaphrodite, (4–)5-merous, terminal, less often axillary or both terminal and axillary, sessile to shortly pedicellate; bracts and bracteoles absent or glumaceous, flower sometimes subtended by young leaves above the bracteoles
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx-tube ovate to campanulate; limb subequalling the disc, 5-lobed or irregularly toothed, and margin beset with colleters
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla white; tube cylindrical but widened at apex, equalling to over twice as long as the lobes, glabrous or sparsely pubescent outside; lobes contorted in bud, spreading
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers
- Anthers set at mouth of corolla, sessile, linear, shortly apiculate at apex, scarcely hastate at base, usually attached above to well above the mid-point, with the apical part exserted or sometimes entirely included, occasionally tending to adhere towards base
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
- Disc annular
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary 2-locular; placentas small, attached to middle or somewhat above middle of septum; style cylindrical, slender, glabrous, usually short, reaching less than 1/3 of the way up the corolla-tube; stigma included, bifid; arms linear to narrowly oblong or ?lanceolate, sometimes not separating
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a drupe, ellipsoid or broader than long and distinctly 2-lobed, containing 2, 1-seeded cartilaginous pyrenes; calyx-lobes greatly or not at all accrescent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seed oblong-ellipsoid, grooved on inner face; endosperm pale in colour, horny, asymmetrically folded from groove, embryo somewhat curved; testa thin, smooth at low magnifications.
Doubtfully present in:
Northern Provinces
Native to:
Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Comoros, Congo, East Himalaya, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nigeria, Philippines, Queensland, Rwanda, Réunion, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Vietnam, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Andaman Is., Ascension, Belize, Bermuda, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Caroline Is., Central American Pac, Chad, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Easter Is., Ecuador, El Salvador, Fiji, Galápagos, Guatemala, Hainan, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Maluku, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Norfolk Is., Ogasawara-shoto, Panamá, Peru, Puerto Rico, Senegal, Seychelles, Society Is., St.Helena, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Venezuela, Windward Is.
- Coffea abbayesii J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea affinis De Wild.
- Coffea alleizettii Dubard
- Coffea ambanjensis J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea ambongensis J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea andrambovatensis J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea ankaranensis J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea anthonyi Stoff. & F.Anthony
- Coffea arabica L.
- Coffea arenesiana J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea augagneurii Dubard
- Coffea bakossii Cheek & Bridson
- Coffea benghalensis B.Heyne ex Roth
- Coffea bertrandii A.Chev.
- Coffea betamponensis Portères & J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea bissetiae A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea boinensis A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea boiviniana (Baill.) Drake
- Coffea bonnieri Dubard
- Coffea brassii (J.-F.Leroy) A.P.Davis
- Coffea brevipes Hiern
- Coffea bridsoniae A.P.Davis & Mvungi
- Coffea buxifolia A.Chev.
- Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner
- Coffea carrissoi A.Chev.
- Coffea charrieriana Stoff. & F.Anthony
- Coffea cochinchinensis Pierre ex Pit.
- Coffea commersoniana (Baill.) A.Chev.
- Coffea congensis A.Froehner
- Coffea costatifructa Bridson
- Coffea coursiana J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea dactylifera Robbr. & Stoff.
- Coffea decaryana J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea dubardii Jum.
- Coffea ebracteolata (Hiern) Brenan
- Coffea eugenioides S.Moore
- Coffea fadenii Bridson
- Coffea farafanganensis J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea floresiana Boerl.
- Coffea fotsoana Stoff. & Sonké
- Coffea fragilis J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea fragrans Wall. ex Hook.f.
- Coffea gallienii Dubard
- Coffea grevei Drake ex A.Chev.
- Coffea heimii J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea × heterocalyx Stoff.
- Coffea homollei J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea horsfieldiana Miq.
- Coffea humbertii J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea humblotiana Baill.
- Coffea humilis A.Chev.
- Coffea jumellei J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea kapakata (A.Chev.) Bridson
- Coffea kianjavatensis J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea kihansiensis A.P.Davis & Mvungi
- Coffea kimbozensis Bridson
- Coffea kivuensis Lebrun
- Coffea labatii A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea lancifolia A.Chev.
- Coffea lebruniana Germ. & Kesler
- Coffea leonimontana Stoff.
- Coffea leroyi A.P.Davis
- Coffea liaudii J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis
- Coffea liberica W.Bull
- Coffea ligustroides S.Moore
- Coffea littoralis A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea lulandoensis Bridson
- Coffea mabesae (Elmer) J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea macrocarpa A.Rich.
- Coffea madurensis Teijsm. & Binn. ex Koord.
- Coffea magnistipula Stoff. & Robbr.
- Coffea malabarica (Sivar., Biju & P.Mathew) A.P.Davis
- Coffea mangoroensis Portères
- Coffea mannii (Hook.f.) A.P.Davis
- Coffea manombensis A.P.Davis
- Coffea mapiana Sonké, Nguembou & A.P.Davis
- Coffea mauritiana Lam.
- Coffea mayombensis A.Chev.
- Coffea mcphersonii A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea melanocarpa Welw. ex Hiern
- Coffea merguensis Ridl.
- Coffea millotii J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea minutiflora A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea mogenetii Dubard
- Coffea mongensis Bridson
- Coffea montekupensis Stoff.
- Coffea montis-sacri A.P.Davis
- Coffea moratii J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea mufindiensis Hutch. ex Bridson
- Coffea myrtifolia (A.Rich. ex DC.) J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea namorokensis A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea neobridsoniae A.P.Davis
- Coffea neoleroyi A.P.Davis
- Coffea perrieri Drake ex Jum. & H.Perrier
- Coffea pervilleana (Baill.) Drake
- Coffea pocsii Bridson
- Coffea pseudozanguebariae Bridson
- Coffea pterocarpa A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea racemosa Lour.
- Coffea rakotonasoloi A.P.Davis
- Coffea ratsimamangae J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea resinosa (Hook.f.) Radlk.
- Coffea rhamnifolia (Chiov.) Bridson
- Coffea richardii J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea sahafaryensis J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea sakarahae J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea salvatrix Swynn. & Philipson
- Coffea sambavensis J.-F.Leroy ex A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea sapinii (De Wild.) A.P.Davis
- Coffea schliebenii Bridson
- Coffea semsei (Bridson) A.P.Davis
- Coffea sessiliflora Bridson
- Coffea stenophylla G.Don
- Coffea tetragona Jum. & H.Perrier
- Coffea togoensis A.Chev.
- Coffea toshii A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea travancorensis Wight & Arn.
- Coffea tricalysioides J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea tsirananae J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea vatovavyensis J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea vavateninensis J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea vianneyi J.-F.Leroy
- Coffea vohemarensis A.P.Davis & Rakotonas.
- Coffea wightiana Wall. ex Wight & Arn.
- Coffea zanguebariae Lour.
Coffea L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Davis, A.P. [2141], Madagascar | 63891.000 | No | |||
Gomez, W. [Cat. no. 8450] | K001125538 | Yes | |||
Cheek, M. [12443], Cameroon | 76098.000 | No | |||
Gomez, W. [Cat. no. 8450] | K001125537 | Yes |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 172 (1753)
Accepted by
- Davis, A.P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D.M. & Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 152: 465-512.
- Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
- Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- A. Chev. Les Caféiers du Globe 1 (1929)
- A. Chev. Les Caféiers du Globe 2 (1942)
- A. Chev. Les Caféiers du Globe 3 (1947)
- Lebrun, Inst. Roy. Colon. Belge, sect. Sci. Nat. et Méd., Mém. 11 (1941).
- —F.T.A. 3: 179
Flora Zambesiaca
- Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 80 (1754).
- J.D. Hooker in Bentham & J.D. Hooker, Gen. Pl. 2: 114 (1873).
- Sp. Pl.: 172 (1753)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- G.P. 2: 114 (1873)
- L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 80 (1754)
- Sp. Pl.: 172 (1753)
-
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew
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Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0