- Family:
- Amaranthaceae Juss.
- Genus:
- Amaranthus L.
Amaranthus tricolor L.

[UNAL]
Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/
- Vernacular
- ala de loro, amaranto, cucaracha
[CPLC]
Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
- Distribution
- Cultivada en Colombia; Alt. 1560 - 1560 m.; Andes.
- Morphology General Habit
- Hierba
[FWTA]
Amaranthaceae, Hutchinson and Dalziel. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1:1. 1954
- Morphology General Habit
- Erect herb, 2–6 ft. high; leaves, stems and flowers green or red
- Note
- A cultivated spinach.
[UPFC]
- Distribution
- Biogeografic region: Andean. Elevation range: 1560–1560 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Colombian departments: Quindío.
- Habit
- Herb.
- Ecology
- Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: artificial - terrestrial.
[FZ]
Amaranthaceae, C. C. Townsend. Flora Zambesiaca 9:1. 1988
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual herb, ascending or erect, attaining c. 1.25 m. in cultivation in Africa (taller in Asia).
- Morphology Stem
- Stem stout and usually branched, both it and the branches angular, glabrous or furnished in the upper parts with sparse (or denser in the inflorescence), more or less crisped hairs.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves glabrous, or thinly pilose on the inferior surface of the primary venation, green or purplish-suffused, long-petiolate (petioles to c. 8 cm. long), the lamina broadly ovate, rhomboid-ovate or broadly elliptic to lanceolate-oblong, acute to obtuse or emarginate at the apex, shortly cuneate to attenuate at the base.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers green to crimson, in more or less globose clusters c. 4–25 mm. in diam., all or only the lower axillary and more or less distant, the upper sometimes without subtending leaves and increasingly approximate to form a thick terminal spike of variable length; male and female flowers intermixed.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
- Bracts and bracteoles broadly or deltoid-ovate; bracteoles subequalling or shorter than the perianth, pale-membranous, broadest near the base and narrowed upwards to the green midrib, which is excurrent to form a long, pale-tipped awn which is usually at least half as long as the basal part and not rarely equalling it.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
- Perianth segments 3, 3–5 mm. long, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, narrowed above, pale-membranous, the green midrib excurrent into a long, pale-tipped awn; segments of the female flowers slightly accrescent in fruit.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
- Stigmas 3, erect or recurved, c. 2 mm. long.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule ovoid-urceolate with a short beak below the style-bases, 2.25–2.75 mm., membranous, obscurely wrinkled, circumcissile.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds 1–1.5 mm. wide, black or brown, shining, faintly reticulate.
[FTEA]
Amaranthaceae, C.C. Townsend. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1985
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual herb, ascending or erect, attaining ± 1.25 m. in cultivation in Africa (even more in tropical Asia).
- Morphology Stem
- Stem stout, usually much branched, it and the branches angular, glabrous or furnished in the upper parts with sparse (or denser in the inflorescence) ± crisped hairs.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves glabrous, or thinly pilose on lower surface of primary nervation, green or purplish-suffused, very variable in size, long-petiolate (up to ± 8 cm.) lamina broadly ovate, rhomboid-ovate or broadly elliptic to lanceolate-oblong, emarginate to obtuse or acute at the apex, at the base shortly cuneate to attenuate, decurrent along the petiole.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers green to crimson, in ± globose clusters ± 4–25 mm. in diameter, all or only the lower axillary and distant, the upper sometimes without subtending leaves and increasingly approximate to form a thick terminal spike of variable length, ♂ and ♀ flowers intermixed.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
- Bracts and bracteoles broadly ovate or deltoid-ovate; bracteoles subequalling or shorter than the perianth, pale and membranous, broadest near the base and gradually narrowed upwards to the green midrib which is excurrent to form a long pale-tipped awn usually at least half as long as the basal portion and not rarely equalling it.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
- Perianth-segments 3, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 3–5 mm. long, narrowed above, pale and membranous, the green midrib excurrent into a long pale-tipped awn, those of the ♀ flowers slightly accrescent in fruit.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
- Stigmas 3, erect or recurved, ± 2 mm.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Capsule ovoid-urceolate with a short beak below the style-base, 2.25–2.75 mm., circumscissile, membranous, obscurely wrinkled.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seed 1–1 5 mm., black or brown, shining, very faintly reticulate.
- Figures
- Fig. 4/6.
- Distribution
- Cultivated as a vegetable at Amani, and no doubt elsewhereapparently a native of tropical Asia, this species is a well-known ornamental and vegetable in the tropics P
[UPFC]
- Use Environmental
- Environmental uses.
- Use Gene Sources
- Used as gene sources.
- Use Food
- Used for food.
- Use Materials
- Used as material.
- Use Medicines
- Medical uses.
- Use Poisons
- Poisons.
- Use Social
- Social uses.
Native to:
Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Line Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam
Introduced into:
Angola, Benin, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cayman Is., Central African Repu, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Christmas I., Cuba, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Hainan, Haiti, Inner Mongolia, Iraq, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Maldives, Manchuria, Marianas, Marquesas, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, Pakistan, Panamá, Puerto Rico, Qinghai, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Society Is., South China Sea, Sudan, Taiwan, Tibet, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Western Australia, Xinjiang, Yemen
- Albersia polygama Boiss.
- Amaranthus bicolor Nocca ex Willd.
- Amaranthus cuspidatus Vis.
- Amaranthus flexuosus Moq.
- Amaranthus gangeticus L.
- Amaranthus gangeticus var. angustior L.H.Bailey
- Amaranthus inamoenus Willd.
- Amaranthus japonicus Houtt. ex Steud.
- Amaranthus japonicus Houtt. ex Willd.
- Amaranthus lanceolatus Roxb.
- Amaranthus lancifolius Roxb.
- Amaranthus lividus Roxb.
- Amaranthus mangostanus L.
- Amaranthus melancholicus L.
- Amaranthus mucronatus Hook.f.
- Amaranthus oleraceus Roxb.
- Amaranthus polygamus Roxb.
- Amaranthus polygamus L.
- Amaranthus rotundifolius Moq.
- Amaranthus roxburghianus var. angustifolius (Moq.) N.C.Nair
- Amaranthus salicifolius H.J.Veitch
- Amaranthus tenuifolius Wall.
- Amaranthus tricolor var. acutus Saubhik Das
- Amaranthus tristis L.
- Blitum gangeticum (L.) Moench
- Blitum melancholicum Moench
- Euxolus polygamus (L.) Moq.
- Glomeraria bicolor Cav. ex Moq.
- Glomeraria tricolor (L.) Cav.
- Pyxidium gangeticum (L.) Moq.
- Pyxidium melancholicum Moq.
- English
- Chinese Spinach
Amaranthus tricolor L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan 1, 2008 | Powell [X.I.1361] | K000611690 | No | ||
Jan 1, 2008 | Jibrin Sibil [268], Sabah | K000611721 | No | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6902] | K001126119 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6902], Bangladesh | K001126120 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6899], India | Amaranthus polygamus | K001126107 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6899] | Amaranthus polygamus | K001126110 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6899] | Amaranthus polygamus | K001126105 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6899] | Amaranthus polygamus | K001126109 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6899] | Amaranthus polygamus | K001126104 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6899] | Amaranthus polygamus | K001126108 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6899] | Amaranthus polygamus | K001126106 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6893] | Amaranthus tenuifolius | K001126071 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6893] | Amaranthus tenuifolius | K001126072 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6893] | Amaranthus tenuifolius | K001126074 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6893] | Amaranthus tenuifolius | K001126073 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6893], India | Amaranthus tenuifolius | K001126070 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6895] | Amaranthus lanceolatus | K001126087 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6895] | Amaranthus lanceolatus | K001126086 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6895] | Amaranthus lanceolatus | K001126085 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6898] | Amaranthus mangostanus | K001126103 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126089 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126093 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126095 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126097 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126098 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126096 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126088 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126090 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126091 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126092 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6896] | Amaranthus gangeticus | K001126094 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6905] | Amaranthus tristis | K001126127 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6905] | Amaranthus tristis | K001126128 | Yes | ||
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 6905], Nepal | Amaranthus tristis | K001126131 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6905], Bangladesh | Amaranthus tristis | K001126130 | Yes | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 6905], Bangladesh | Amaranthus tristis | K001126129 | Yes |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 989 (1753)
Accepted by
- Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
- Bayón, N.D. (2015). Revisión taxonómica de las especies monoicas de Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae): Amaranthus subg. Amaranthus y Amaranthus subg. Albersia Annals from the Missouri Botanical Garden 101: 261-383. MBG press.
- Bosser, J. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flore des Mascareignes 136-148: 1. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
- Boulos, L. (1999). Flora of Egypt 1: 1-419. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
- Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
- Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
- Florence, J. (2004). Flore de la Polynésie Française 2: 1-503. IRD editions, Paris.
- Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
- George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2 Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
- Ghazanfar, S.A. & Edmandson, J.R. (eds.) (2016). Flora of Iraq 5(1): 1-284. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
- Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
- Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 529. MIM, Deurne.
- Hancock, I.R. & Henderson, C.P. (1988). Flora of the Solomon Islands Research Bulletin Dodo Creek Research Station 7: 1-203.
- Hara, H., Stearn, W.T. & Williams, H.J. (1982). An Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal 3: 1-226. Trustees of British Museum, London.
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
- Iamonico, D. (2015). Taxonomic revision of the genus Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae) in Italy Phytotaxa 199: 1-84.
- Korovin, E.P. & Vvedensky, A.I. (eds.) (1953). Flora Uzbekistana 2: 1-547. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
- Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
- Launert, E. (ed.) (1988). Flora Zambesiaca 9(1): 1-179. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh l?c các loài th?c v?t Vi?t Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà N?i : Nhà xu?t b?n Nông nghi?p.
- MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.
- Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India Nelumbo 54: 39-91.
- Miller, A.G. & Cope, T.A. (1996). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 1: 1-586. Edinburgh university press.
- Nasir, E. & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1970-1995). Flora of West Pakistan 1-131.
- Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
- Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
- T. Smitinand & K. Larsen, eds. (1987). Flora of Thailand 5: 1-470. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
- Thaman, R.R. & Tye, A. (2015). Flora of Kiritimari (Christmass) atoll, Northern Line islands, Republic of Kiribati Atoll Research Bulletin 608: 1-73.
- Turner, I.M. (1995). A catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Malaya Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 47(1): 1-346.
- Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (ed.) (1955-1958). Flora Malesiana 5: 1-595. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
- Yan, X.L. & Ma, J.S. (2011). Nomenclatural notes on alien invasive vascular plants in China Plant Diversity and Resources 33: 132-142.
Literature
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Flora of West Tropical Africa
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Kew Backbone Distributions
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- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
- Bayón, N.D. (2015). Revisión taxonómica de las especies monoicas de Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae): Amaranthus subg. Amaranthus y Amaranthus subg. Albersia Annals from the Missouri Botanical Garden 101: 261-383. MBG press.
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- George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2 Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
- Ghazanfar, S.A. & Edmandson, J.R. (eds.) (2016). Flora of Iraq 5(1): 1-284. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
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- Hara, H., Stearn, W.T. & Williams, H.J. (1982). An Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal 3: 1-226. Trustees of British Museum, London.
- Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
- Korovin, E.P. & Vvedensky, A.I. (eds.) (1953). Flora Uzbekistana 2: 1-547. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
- Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
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- MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.
- Miller, A.G. & Cope, T.A. (1996). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 1: 1-586. Edinburgh university press.
- Nasir, E. & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1970-1995). Flora of West Pakistan 1-131.
- Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
- Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
- T. Smitinand & K. Larsen, eds. (1987). Flora of Thailand 5: 1-470. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
- Thaman, R.R. & Tye, A. (2015). Flora of Kiritimari (Christmass) atoll, Northern Line islands, Republic of Kiribati Atoll Research Bulletin 608: 1-73.
- Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (ed.) (1955-1958). Flora Malesiana 5: 1-595. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
- Yan, X.L. & Ma, J.S. (2011). Nomenclatural notes on alien invasive vascular plants in China Plant Diversity and Resources 33: 132-142.
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Cufod., Enumeratio Plantarum Aethiopiae Spermatophyta (Supplement in Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux.) p. 61 (1953).
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-
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew
-
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Living Collection Database
Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Science Photographs
Copyright applied to individual images
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Universidad Nacional de Colombia
ColPlantA database
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0