Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 450 (1753)
This genus is accepted
The native range of this genus is Cosmopolitan.

Distribution

Native to:

Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Alberta, Aldabra, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Aruba, Ascension, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Caprivi Strip, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Central African Repu, Central American Pac, Central European Rus, Chad, Chagos Archipelago, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Christmas I., Cocos (Keeling) Is., Colombia, Colorado, Comoros, Congo, Connecticut, Cook Is., Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Easter Is., Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, French Guiana, Føroyar, Gabon, Galápagos, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Laccadive Is., Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Libya, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Maine, Malawi, Malaya, Maldives, Mali, Manchuria, Manitoba, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nauru, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Pitcairn Is., Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Rodrigues, Romania, Rwanda, Réunion, Sakhalin, Samoa, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Selvagens, Senegal, Seychelles, Sicilia, Sierra Leone, Sinai, Society Is., Socotra, Solomon Is., Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South China Sea, South Dakota, South European Russi, Southwest Caribbean, Spain, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Turks-Caicos Is., Tuva, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Wallis-Futuna Is., Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Alaska, Falkland Is., Howland-Baker Is., Juan Fernández Is., Kazan-retto, Kermadec Is., Line Is., Magadan, Maluku, Marcus I., Newfoundland, Ogasawara-shoto, Phoenix Is., Tristan da Cunha, Wake I., Yukon

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Accepted Species

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Binojkumar, M.S. & Balakrishnan, N.P. (2010). The genus Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) in India. A taxonomic revision: 1-430. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
  • Bruyns, P.V. (2012). Nomenclature and typification of southern African species of Euphorbia. Bothalia 42: 217-245.
  • Geltman, D. (2008 publ. 2009). Synopsis of Euphorbia L. section Chamaebuxus Lázaro (Euphorbiaceae). Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rastenii 40: 109-158.
  • Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • —F.T.A. 6, 1: 470.

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 3, 1: 258 (1880).
  • Boissier in de Candolle, Prodr. 15, 2: 7 (1862).
  • F.C. 5, 2: 222 (1915).
  • Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 208 (1754).
  • N.E. Brown in F.T.A. 6, 1: 470 (1911)
  • Pax & K. Hoffmann in Engler, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 19c: 208 (1931).
  • Radcliffe-Smith, Gen. Euphorbiacearum: 405 (2001).
  • S. Carter in F.T.E.A., Euphorbiaceae, part 2: 409 (1988).
  • Sp. Pl.: 450 (1753)

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by S. Carter [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Boiss. in DC., Prodr. 15(2): 78 (1862)
  • G.P. 3(1): 258 (1800)
  • L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 208 (1754)
  • N.E. Br. in F.T.A. 6(1): 470 (1911)
  • Pax in E. & P. Pf., ed. 2, 19C: 208 (1931)
  • Sp. Pl.: 450 (1753)

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 2000 Hinton, G.B. [5251], México State K000476720 No
Bally, J., Kenya 16761.000 No
Meikle, R.D. [814], Nigeria 22166.000 No
McWhirter, J.H. [135], Madagascar 31905.000 No
McWhirter, J.H. [166], Madagascar 32108.000 No
McWhirter, J. [148], Madagascar 32199.000 No
Greenway, P.J. [6657] 4142.000 No
Whellan, J. [33972], Zimbabwe 4151.000 No
Collenette, I.S. [6877], Saudi Arabia 53235.000 No
Collenette [6832], Saudi Arabia 55955.000 No
Collenette, I.S. [7455], Saudi Arabia 56027.000 No
Collenette, J.S. [8751], Djibouti 58346.000 No
Collenette, J.S. [8752], Djibouti 58728.000 No
Pennington, T.D. [13986a], Ecuador 58759.000 No
Pennington, T.D. [13962], Ecuador 58765.000 No
Collenette, J.S. [8436], Oman 62841.000 No
DuPuy, B. [MB 404], Madagascar 63480.000 No
Nelson, E.W. [6455], Mexico K000503080 No
Coulter [1457], Mexico K000503077 No
Nelson, E.W. [6126], Mexico K000503081 No
Andrieux, G. [104], Mexico K000503083 No
Spruce, R. [6529], Ecuador K000201873 Yes
Spruce, R. [6531], Ecuador K000201874 Yes
Hinton, G.B. [2715], México State K000476723 No
Hinton, G.B. [5897], México State K000476724 No
Palmer, E.W. [462], Tamaulipas K000476711 No
Palmer, E.W. [121], San Luis Potosí K000476717 No
Palmer, E.W. [122], San Luis Potosí K000476719 No
Hinton, G.B. [4580], México State K000476728 No
Palmer, E.W. [296], Durango K000476713 No
Eiten, G. [10313], Brazil K001210998 Yes
Taylor [1491], Brazil K001211020 Yes
s.coll. [1674], Brazil K001211010 Yes
Nelson, E.W. [6249], Mexico K000503076 No
Galeotti, H.G. [3767], Mexico K000503078 No
Palmer, E.W. [292], Tamaulipas K000476714 No
Fisher, W.H. [345], Brazil K001211014 Yes
Spruce, R. [6528], Peru K000201872 Yes
Palmer, E.W. [498], Coahuila K000476715 No
Glaziou, A.F.M. [16331] K001211004 Yes
Palmer, E.W. [806], San Luis Potosí K000476709 No
Cavalcante, T.B. [9691], Brazil K001211019 Yes
Palmer, E.W. [319], Zacatecas K000476718 No
Spruce, R. [6353], Ecuador K000201866 Yes
André, E. [K/1633] K001211011 Yes
Palmer, E.W. [883], Baja California K000476712 No
Palmer, E.W. [267], Chihuahua K000476707 No
Sales, M.F. [519], Brazil K001211016 Yes
Hatschbach, G. [64841], Brazil K001211000 Yes
Hinton, G.B. [1637], México State K000476727 No
Hinton, G.B. [4770], México State K000476730 No
Palmer, E.W. [499], Coahuila K000476716 No
Rico, L. [1969], Dominican Republic K000478741 No
Langlassé, E. [512], Mexico K000503084 No
Palmer, E.W. [813], San Luis Potosí K000476708 No
Palmer, E.W. [428], Tamaulipas K000476710 No
Tweedie, J. [s.n.] K001211009 Yes
Hinton, G.B. [1772], México State K000476729 No
Burchell [9065], Brazil K001211012 Yes
Glaziou, A. [8318], Brazil K001211005 Yes
Andrieux, G. [105], Mexico K000503082 No
Hinton, G.B. [15771], Michoacán K000476731 No
Irwin, H.S. [20376], Brazil K001211001 Yes
Robert, A. [881], Brazil K001211008 Yes
Glaziou, A. [15409], Brazil K001211003 Yes
Spruce, R. [6353], Ecuador K000201867 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [6349], Brazil K001211021 Yes
Nelson, E.W. [6176], Mexico K000503079 No
Heringer, E.P. [14134], Brazil K001210999 Yes
Eiten, G. [6557], Brazil K001211013 Yes
Fisher, V.H. [420], Brazil K001211015 Yes
Hinton, G.B. [8623], México State K000476726 No
Robert, A. [745], Brazil K001211006 Yes
Hinton, G.B. [11285], Guerrero K000476725 No
Glaziou, A. [22088], Brazil K001211007 Yes
Silva, B.R. [1440], Brazil K001211017 Yes
Burchell [5531], Brazil K001211002 Yes
Lobão, A.Q. [172], Brazil K001211018 Yes
Hinton, G.B. [3112], México State K000476722 No
Faulkner, H. [K.407], Mozambique Desmonema 15083.000 No
Faulkner, H. [K.407], Mozambique Desmonema 17651.000 No

Sources

  • Art and Illustrations in Digifolia

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images