Family:
Passifloraceae Juss. ex Roussel

Passiflora L.

This genus is accepted, and its native range is New World, Tropical & Subtropical Asia to SW. Pacific.

[FSOM]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Climbing herbs to large lianas with tendrils, rarely small trees
Morphology Leaves
Leaves entire to deeply lobed; stipules small to large
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences 1–many-flowered, usually with a simple tendril
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers bisexual, 5-merous
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
Sepals and petals free, mostly similar
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corona
Corona simple or with an outer corona consisting of threads
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androgynophore
Androgynophore mostly distinct
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens free or rarely partly united; anthers dorsifixed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Styles 3(–4), free or united at base, reflexed at anthesis; stigmas capitate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit usually indehiscent, ± berry-like, many-seeded.
Distribution
Some 570 species, mainly in America, some in Australasia, African species all introduced.

[FTEA]

Passifloraceae, W. J. J. O. de Wildem (Rijksherbarium, Leiden). Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1975

Note
For generic synonyms see Harms, and Killip, loc. cit.
Morphology General Habit
Mostly perennial climbing herbs to large lianas, rarely (not in Africa) shrubs or trees, glabrous or hairy, provided with tendrils
Morphology Leaves
Leaves mostly alternate, unlobed to deeply lobed, palminerved or pinninerved, petiolate; margin mostly dentate, often with small gland-teeth; petiole with or without glands; blade-glands present or not
Morphology Leaves Stipules
Stipules minute to large
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences sessile or peduncled, 1–many-flowered, with or without a simple tendril, or rarely flowers collected into pseudoracemes; bracts and bracteoles small to large, forming a conspicuous involucre or not
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers hermaphrodite, 5-merous; hypanthium saucer-shaped to cylindrical
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth
Sepals and petals free, often brightly coloured; petals mostly resembling sepals, membranous, sometimes absent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corona
Corona extrastaminal, variously shaped, simple or mostly composed of a usually complicated outer corona consisting of threads, and flat or plicate inner coronas, sometimes with the addition of a nectary ring or annulus
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androgynophore
Androgynophore mostly distinct, 3 mm. or more.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 5(–8), free (or in some Asian species partly connate), in older flowers mostly reflexed; anthers dorsifixed, versatile, elliptic to linear
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Gynophore absent or sometimes up to 7 mm.; ovary globose to fusiform; styles 3(–4), free or connate at base; stigmas capitate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit usually indehiscent, ± baccate, often with coriaceous exocarp, globose, ellipsoid or rarely fusiform, containing many seeds.

[FZ]

Passifloraceae, R. & A. Fernandes. Flora Zambesiaca 4. 1978

Morphology General Habit
Scandent herbs or shrubs usually climbing by tendrils, rarely erect.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, entire, lobed or partite; petiole often with glands; stipules 2 or absent, sometimes foliaceous.
Morphology General Tendrils
Tendrils usually solitary in the axils of the leaves, sometimes ending the peduncles, rarely absent.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers rather large and handsome, axillary, solitary or in racemes, hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual; peduncles articulate, often 3-bracteate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx-tube patelliform, campanulate or urceolate to tubular. Sepals 4–5, linear-oblong or linear, often coloured inside, sometimes with horns on the back below the apex.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals 4–5 or absent, membranous, ± equal to the sepals but more vividly coloured.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Nectaries
Nectar-ring (inframedian corona) an annular ridge within or below the operculum, sometimes wanting.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corona
Limen (basal corona) close to the base of the gynophore, annular or cupuliform, sometimes wanting. Operculum (middle or membranous corona) membranous, flat or plicate, entire, lacerate or filamentose, rarely wanting. Corona (faucial and supramedian corona) of 1 to several series of distinct or ± united filaments, rarely tubular.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4–5, with the filaments adnate to the gynophore, free at the apex; anthers linear, ovate or oblong, 2-celled, dorsifixed.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Ovary oblong or subglobose, borne on a gynophore which is usually elongate, rarely absent; styles 3 or 4, subterminal, cylindrical or clavate; stigmas capitate; ovules numerous, rarely few, attached to 3 rarely 4 placentas.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit dry or pulpy, sometimes an irregularly 3-valved capsule.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds usually numerous, compressed, arillate, with the testa usually scrobiculate and the endosperm fleshy; cotyledons foliaceous.

Native to:

Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Aruba, Assam, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Bermuda, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Cayman Is., Chile North, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Fiji, Florida, French Guiana, Galápagos, Georgia, Guatemala, Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, Illinois, Indiana, Jamaica, Jawa, Kansas, Kentucky, Laos, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Louisiana, Malaya, Maluku, Maryland, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Missouri, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Nicaragua, Niue, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Samoa, Solomon Is., South Carolina, Southwest Caribbean, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, West Virginia, Windward Is.

Introduced into:

Albania, Aldabra, Andaman Is., Angola, Ascension, Azores, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, Chad, Chagos Archipelago, Chile Central, Chile South, Christmas I., Cocos (Keeling) Is., Comoros, Congo, Cook Is., Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hawaii, India, Italy, Ivory Coast, Kazan-retto, Kenya, Korea, KwaZulu-Natal, Liberia, Line Is., Madagascar, Madeira, Malawi, Maldives, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Nauru, New Jersey, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Pakistan, Palestine, Pitcairn Is., Rodrigues, Réunion, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Society Is., Somalia, South China Sea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Togo, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Uganda, Wake I., Wallis-Futuna Is., West Himalaya, Western Australia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Passiflora L. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Guyana 16612.000 No
Erskine, C., Brazil 34125.000 No
Lewis, G.P. [1119], Brazil 54508.000 No
Sugden, A.M. [507], Panama 55800.000 No
Lewis, G. [844], Brazil 60570.007 No
Johns, R.J. [10496], New Guinea 70635.000 No
Harley, R.M. [22078], Brazil 72705.000 No
73408.000 No
Ollerton, J. [113], Guyana 76078.000 No

First published in Sp. Pl.: 955 (1753)

Accepted by

  • Jørgensen, P.M. & Vásquez, R. (2009). A revision of Passiflora sections Insignes and ×Inkea (Passifloraceae) Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 66: 35-53.
  • Porter-Utley, K. (2014). A revision of Passiflora L. subgenus Decaloba (DC.) Rchb. supersection Cieca (Medik.) J.M.MacDougal & Feuillet (Passifloraceae) PhytoKeys 43: 1-224.

Literature

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • —Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 1: 810.

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 410 (1754).
  • Sp. Pl. 1: 955 (1753)

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Harms in E. & P. Pf., ed. 2, 21 : 495 (1925)
  • Killip in Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. 19 : 1–613 (1938)
  • L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5 : 410 (1754)
  • Sp. Pl. : 955 (1753)
  • de Wilde in Fl. Males., ser. 1, 7 : 407 (1972)

  • Art and Illustrations in Digifolia

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    Flora Zambesiaca
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    Flora of Somalia
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

  • Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China

    The Malesian Key Group (2010) Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China (Version 2.0, 28 Jul 2010) The Nationaal Herbarium Nederland Leiden and The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Neotropikey

    Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0