Betula L.
Distribution
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Altay, Amur, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, California, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Finland, Florida, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Greenland, Hainan, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Kuril Is., Labrador, Laos, Louisiana, Magadan, Maine, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Myanmar, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Newfoundland, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Pennsylvania, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Qinghai, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Svalbard, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Tuva, Ukraine, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia, Yukon
Introduced into:
Argentina Northeast, Føroyar, New Zealand North, New Zealand South
Synonyms
Heterotypic Synonyms
- Apterocaryon Opiz in Lotos 5: 258 (1855)
- Betulaster Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 15: 198 (1841)
- Chamaebetula Opiz in Lotos 5: 258 (1855)
Accepted Species
- Betula alleghaniensis Britton
- Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
- Betula ashburneri McAll. & Rushforth
- Betula × aurata Borkh.
- Betula × avatshensis Kom.
- Betula baschkirica Tzvelev
- Betula bomiensis P.C.Li
- Betula × bottnica Mela
- Betula × caerulea Blanch.
- Betula calcicola (W.W.Sm.) P.C.Li
- Betula celtiberica Rothm. & Vasc.
- Betula chichibuensis H.Hara
- Betula chinensis Maxim.
- Betula cordifolia Regel
- Betula coriaceifolia V.N.Vassil.
- Betula corylifolia Regel & Maxim.
- Betula costata Trautv.
- Betula cylindrostachya Wall.
- Betula davurica Pall.
- Betula delavayi Franch.
- Betula × dosmannii McAll.
- Betula × dugleana Lepage
- Betula × dutillyi Lepage
- Betula × eastwoodiae Sarg.
- Betula ermanii Cham.
- Betula falcata V.N.Vassil.
- Betula fargesii Franch.
- Betula fruticosa Pall.
- Betula glandulosa Michx.
- Betula globispica Shirai
- Betula gmelinii Bunge
- Betula grossa Siebold & Zucc.
- Betula gynoterminalis Y.C.Hsu & C.J.Wang
- Betula hainanensis J.Zeng, B.Q.Ren, J.Y.Zhu & Z.D.Chen
- Betula × heptopotamica V.N.Vassil.
- Betula honanensis S.Y.Wang & C.L.Chang
- Betula × hornei E.J.Butler
- Betula humilis Schrank
- Betula × intermedia (Hartm.) E.Thomas ex Gaudin
- Betula × jackii C.K.Schneid.
- Betula karagandensis V.N.Vassil.
- Betula klokovii Zaver.
- Betula kweichowensis Hu
- Betula lenta L.
- Betula luminifera H.J.P.Winkl.
- Betula maximowicziana Regel
- Betula medwediewii Regel
- Betula megrelica Sosn.
- Betula michauxii Spach
- Betula microphylla Bunge
- Betula × minor (Tuck.) Fernald
- Betula nana L.
- Betula nigra L.
- Betula occidentalis Hook.
- Betula papyrifera Marshall
- Betula × paramushirensis Barkalov
- Betula pendula Roth
- Betula × plettkei Junge
- Betula populifolia Marshall
- Betula potamophila V.N.Vassil.
- Betula potaninii Batalin
- Betula psammophila V.N.Vassil.
- Betula pubescens Ehrh.
- Betula pumila L.
- Betula × purpusii C.K.Schneid.
- Betula raddeana Trautv.
- Betula × raymundii Lepage
- Betula saksarensis Polozhij & A.T.Malzeva
- Betula × sandbergii Britton
- Betula × sargentii Dugle
- Betula saviczii V.N.Vassil.
- Betula schmidtii Regel
- Betula skvortsovii McAll. & Ashburner
- Betula sunanensis Y.J.Zhang
- Betula tianschanica Rupr.
- Betula × uliginosa Dugle
- Betula × utahensis Britton
- Betula utilis D.Don
- Betula × vologdensis Tzvelev
- Betula × winteri Dugle
- Betula wuyiensis J.B.Xiao
- Betula × zabelii (Dippel) Dippel & Schelle
- Betula zinserlingii V.N.Vassil.
Publications
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
- Ashburner, K. & McAllister, H.A. (2013). The genus Betula: a taxonomic revision of birches: 1-431. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Govaerts, R. (1996). World Checklist of Seed Plants 2(1, 2): 1-492. MIM, Deurne.
- Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Other Data
Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:
Sources
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Living Collection Database
- Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0