- Family:
- Rubiaceae Juss.
Gardenia J.Ellis

[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Usually shrubs or small trees
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite or whorled; stipules sheathing
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Flowers isostylous, solitary or in few-flowered clusters
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx usually with distinct limb-tube
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla-tube funnel-shaped or cylindrical; lobes 5–12, obtuse, contorted, overlapping to the left in bud
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary 1-celled with 2–9 parietal placentas and numerous ovules; style club-shaped at the apex
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit indehiscent, globose or ellipsoid with a usually thick fibrous or woody wall
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds numerous, embedded in fleshy pulp.
- Distribution
- Large genus in the Old World tropics.
[FTEA]
Rubiaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1976
- Morphology General Habit
- Shrubs, small trees or occasionally small pyrophytic subshrubs, unarmed or lateral branches becoming stoutly spinescent; young parts often glutinous; branches sometimes in whorls of 3
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite or verticillate, petiolate, thin to distinctly coriaceous, with or without domatia; stipules sheathing, often truncate; buds containing wax-secreting glands
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate, hermaphrodite solitary or in few-flowered fascicles, terminal or pseudo-axillary, usually white, mostly large and elegant, strongly perfumed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx-tube variously shaped with the tubular part of the limb usually well-developed, truncate or with marginal or submarginal often decurrent lobes; limb sometimes unilaterally split
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla-tube funnel-shaped or cylindrical and then usually long and narrow; lobes 5–12, contorted, overlapping to the left in bud, obtuse or rounded at the apex
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers
- Anthers included or apices just exserted; pollen grains in tetrads
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary 1-locular, with 2–9 parietal placentas; style elongate, clavate at the apex, glabrous or pubescent; stigma exserted, bilobed or not, usually many-lamellate, fruit globose or ellipsoid, with a usually thick fibrous or woody wall
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds mostly very numerous, compressed, elliptic in outline, ± 3–10 mm. long, with thin smooth or slightly reticulate testa, stuck together into a solid mass with a pulp.
[FZ]
Rubiaceae, D.M.Bridson & B.Verdcourt. Flora Zambesiaca 5:3. 2003
- Morphology General Habit
- Shrubs, small trees or occasionally small pyrophytic subshrubs (low, spreading suffrutices with woody underground stems), unarmed but lateral branches can appear stoutly spinescent; young parts often glutinous; branches sometimes in whorls of 3.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite or verticillate, petiolate, chartaceous to distinctly coriaceous, with or without domatia; stipules sheathing, often truncate; buds containing glands secreting sticky exudate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate, hermaphrodite, solitary or in few-flowered fascicles, terminal or pseudoaxillary, usually white, mostly large and elegant, strongly perfumed.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx tube variously shaped with the limb-tube usually well developed, truncate or with marginal or submarginal often decurrent lobes; limb sometimes unilaterally split.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Corolla tube funnel-shaped or cylindrical and then usually long and narrow; lobes 5–12, contorted, overlapping to the left in bud, obtuse or rounded at the apex.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers
- Anthers included, apices just exserted or up to ½ exserted.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pollen
- Pollen grains in tetrads.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary 1-locular at least in the basal part, or 2-locular in G. brachythamnus with 2–9 parietal placentas; style elongate, glabrous or pubescent; pollen presenter clavate, bilobed or not, usually many-lamellate, ± exserted.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit globose or ellipsoid with a usually thick fibrous or woody wall.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds mostly very numerous (or 4 per locule in G. brachythamnus), compressed, elliptic in outline, about 3–10 mm long, with thin smooth or slightly reticulate testa, stuck together into a solid mass.
Native to:
Andaman Is., Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Congo, East Himalaya, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Hainan, Hawaii, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Niue, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Ogasawara-shoto, Philippines, Queensland, Rwanda, Samoa, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Is., Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Uganda, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., Western Australia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Caroline Is., Comoros, Cook Is., Gilbert Is., Korea, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Society Is., Tokelau-Manihiki, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tuvalu
- Gardenia actinocarpa Puttock
- Gardenia anapetes A.C.Sm.
- Gardenia angkorensis Pit.
- Gardenia annamensis Pit.
- Gardenia aqualla Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia archboldiana Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia aubryi Vieill.
- Gardenia barnesii Merr.
- Gardenia beamanii Y.W.Low
- Gardenia boninensis (Nakai) Tuyama ex T.Yamaz.
- Gardenia brachythamnus (K.Schum.) Launert
- Gardenia brevicalyx Rakoton. & A.P.Davis
- Gardenia brighamii H.Mann
- Gardenia buffalina (Lour.) Poir.
- Gardenia cambodiana Pit.
- Gardenia candida A.C.Sm.
- Gardenia carinata Wall. ex Roxb.
- Gardenia carstensensis Wernham
- Gardenia chanii Y.W.Low
- Gardenia chevalieri Pit.
- Gardenia clemensiae Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia collinsiae Craib
- Gardenia cornuta Hemsl.
- Gardenia coronaria Banks
- Gardenia costulata Ridl.
- Gardenia crameri Tirveng.
- Gardenia cuneata Kurz
- Gardenia dacryoides A.Cunn. ex Puttock
- Gardenia elata Ridl.
- Gardenia epiphytica Jongkind
- Gardenia erubescens Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia esculenta Stokes
- Gardenia ewartii Puttock
- Gardenia faucicola Puttock
- Gardenia fiorii Chiov.
- Gardenia flava (Lour.) Poir.
- Gardenia fosbergii Tirveng.
- Gardenia fucata R.Br. ex Benth.
- Gardenia fusca E.T.Geddes
- Gardenia gardneri Puttock
- Gardenia gjellerupii Valeton
- Gardenia gordonii Baker
- Gardenia grievei Horne ex Baker
- Gardenia griffithii Hook.f.
- Gardenia gummifera L.f.
- Gardenia hageniana Gilli
- Gardenia hainanensis Merr.
- Gardenia hansemannii K.Schum.
- Gardenia hillii Horne ex Baker
- Gardenia hutchinsoniana Turrill
- Gardenia imperialis K.Schum.
- Gardenia invaginata Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia ixorifolia R.Br. ex Hook.f.
- Gardenia jabiluka Puttock
- Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis
- Gardenia kabaenensis Y.W.Low
- Gardenia kakaduensis Puttock
- Gardenia kamialiensis Takeuchi
- Gardenia lacciflua K.Krause
- Gardenia lamingtonii F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia lanutoo Reinecke
- Gardenia latifolia Aiton
- Gardenia leopoldiana De Wild. & T.Durand
- Gardenia leschenaultii D.Dietr.
- Gardenia longistipula Y.W.Low
- Gardenia magnifica E.T.Geddes
- Gardenia mannii H.St.John & Kuykendall
- Gardenia manongarivensis Rakoton. & A.P.Davis
- Gardenia maugaloae Lauterb.
- Gardenia megasperma F.Muell.
- Gardenia moszkowskii Valeton
- Gardenia mutabilis Reinw. ex Blume
- Gardenia nitida Hook.
- Gardenia obtusifolia Roxb. ex Hook.f.
- Gardenia ornata K.M.Wong
- Gardenia oudiepe Vieill.
- Gardenia ovularis F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia pallens Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia panduriformis Pierre ex Pit.
- Gardenia papuana F.M.Bailey
- Gardenia philastrei Pierre ex Pit.
- Gardenia posoquerioides S.Moore
- Gardenia propinqua Lindl.
- Gardenia psidioides Puttock
- Gardenia pterocalyx Valeton
- Gardenia pyriformis A.Cunn. ex Benth.
- Gardenia racemulosa Korth.
- Gardenia reflexisepala N.H.Xia & X.E.Ye
- Gardenia reinwardtiana Blume
- Gardenia remyi H.Mann
- Gardenia resinifera Roth
- Gardenia resiniflua Hiern
- Gardenia resinosa F.Muell.
- Gardenia rupicola Puttock
- Gardenia rutenbergiana (Baill. ex Vatke) J.-F.Leroy
- Gardenia sambiranensis Rakoton. & A.P.Davis
- Gardenia saxatilis E.T.Geddes
- Gardenia scabrella Puttock
- Gardenia schlechteri Bonati & Petitm.
- Gardenia schwarzii Puttock
- Gardenia sericea Puttock
- Gardenia similis (Craib) Craib
- Gardenia siphonocalyx Valeton
- Gardenia sokotensis Hutch.
- Gardenia sootepensis Hutch.
- Gardenia stenophylla Merr.
- Gardenia storckii Oliv.
- Gardenia subacaulis Stapf & Hutch.
- Gardenia subcarinata (Corner) Y.W.Low
- Gardenia taitensis DC.
- Gardenia tannaensis Guillaumin
- Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn.
- Gardenia tessellaris Puttock
- Gardenia thailandica Tirveng.
- Gardenia thunbergia Thunb.
- Gardenia tinneae Kotschy & Heuglin
- Gardenia transvenulosa Verdc.
- Gardenia trochainii Sillans
- Gardenia tropidocarpa Wernham
- Gardenia truncata Craib
- Gardenia tubifera Wall. ex Roxb.
- Gardenia urvillei Montrouz.
- Gardenia vernicosa Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Gardenia vilhelmii Domin
- Gardenia vitiensis Seem.
- Gardenia vogelii Hook.f.
- Gardenia volkensii K.Schum.
- Gardenia vulcanica K.M.Wong
Gardenia J.Ellis appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan 1, 1996 | Etuge, M. [2926], Cameroon | K000436147 | No | ||
Davis, A.P. [2559], Madagascar | 64150.000 | No | |||
Davis, A.P. [2575], Madagascar | 64166.000 | No | |||
7680.000 | No | ||||
Gillison [NGF 25024], Papua New Guinea | K000771574 | Yes | |||
Streimann [LAE 15829], Papua New Guinea | K000771577 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [NGF 33014], Papua New Guinea | K000771581 | Yes | |||
Ridsdale [NGF 31721], Papua New Guinea | K000771592 | Yes | |||
Gillison, A. [NGF 25675], Papua New Guinea | K000771600 | Yes | |||
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 8280], Myanmar | K001125132 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 8281] | K001125133 | Yes | |||
van Balgooy, M. [6858], Indonesia | K000771580 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] | K001132359 | Yes | |||
Vogel, E.F. [3185], Indonesia | K000771578 | Yes | |||
Govan, G. [Cat. no. 8278], India | K001125127 | Yes | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.], Myanmar | K001132360 | Yes | |||
Croft, J.R. [LAE 65491], Papua New Guinea | K000771579 | Yes | |||
Frodin [2606], Papua New Guinea | K000771583 | Yes | |||
Vogel [4224], Indonesia | K000771582 | Yes | |||
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 8278] | K001125128 | Yes | |||
Croft [LAE 68542], Papua New Guinea | K000771591 | Yes | |||
Coode [40119], Papua New Guinea | K000771593 | Yes |
First published in Philos. Trans. 51(2): 935 (1761)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Mouly, A., Kainulainen, K., Persson, C., Davis, A.P., Wong, K.M., Razafimandimbison, S.G. & Bremer, B. (2014). Phylogenetic structure and clade circumscriptions in the Gardenieae complex (Rubiaceae) Taxon 63: 801-818.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- —F.T.A. 3: 99. Nom. cons.
Flora Zambesiaca
- Keay in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 28: 40 (1958).
- N. Hallé in Fl. Gabon, no. 17, Rubiacées (2e partie): 218 (1970).
- Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. 51(2): 935, t. 23 (1761) nom. conserv.
- Verdcourt in Kew Bull. 34: 345–360 (1979).
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Hallé in Fl. Gabon 17, Rubiacées, 2: 218 (1970), nom. conserv.
- Keay in B.J.B.B. 28: 40 (1958)
- in Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. 51(2): 935, t. 23 (1761)
-
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew
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Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
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Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0