- Family: Rhizophoraceae Pers.
Bruguiera Lam.
[FZ]
Rhizophoraceae, A. R. Torre & A. E. Gonçalves. Flora Zambesiaca 4. 1978
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx glabrous, leathery, accrescent; calyx-tube adnate at the base to the ovary; calyx-lobes 8–15.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals 2-fid and apically setigerous, involute at the base (each embracing a pair of stamens), nor clawed, inserted at the mouth of the calyx-tube.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens twice as many as the petals, epipetalous; filaments unequal in length in each pair, filiform; anthers linear, dehiscing longitudinally.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary inferior, 2–4-locular, each locule 2-ovulate; style filiform, with 2–4 minute stigmatic lobes.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a leathery, indehiscent, usually unilocular, mostly 1-seeded berry, included in and adnate at the base to the calyx-tube; seed germinating on the plant, the radicle developing a ± terete or obscurely ribbed, blunt hypocotyl, which perforates the fruit-apex and falls with the fruit; cotyledons minute and connate at the base.
- Morphology General Habit
- Wholly glabrous and evergreen shrubs or trees of muddy sea-shores and estuaries, with geniculate pneumatophores arising from the mud, sometimes with aerial roots when young; roots and lower part of the trunk forming a pyramidal buttressed base.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves decussate, petiolate; leaf-lamina entire, leathery, usually black-dotted beneath, with the nerves obscure to visible below and visible or distinct above; stipules large, lanceolate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescences 1-few-flowered, cymose, axillary; peduncles usually arched outwards.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers bisexual, ebracteolate.
[FTEA]
Rhizophoraceae, John Lewis. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1956
- Morphology General Habit
- Medium-sized trees of muddy sea-shores and estuaries
- Morphology Roots
- Roots and lower part of trunk forming a pyramidal buttressed base Aerial roots present as elbowed arches arising from the mud
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves evergreen, opposite, petiolate, entire, leathery and glabrous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers solitary or few, pedunculate, ebracteolate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx connate below, adnate to the ovary, 8–15-partite, glabrous, persistent, rarely becoming reflexed (not in our species)
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals as many as the calyx-lobes, inserted at the mouth of the calyx-tube, bifid, lobes setaceous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens twice as many as the petals, enfolded in pairs within them, dehiscing longitudinally, introrse
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary inferior, 2–4-celled; ovules axile in pairs; stigmatic lobes minute
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a leathery berry bearing the persistent calyx-lobes; all but one seed aborting; pericarp accrescent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Embryo falling from the tree with the fruit attached. Seed viviparous
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Morphology General Habit
- Medium-sized trees
- Morphology Roots
- Roots and lower part of trunk form a slightly buttressed base; aerial roots present as sharp “knee-” or “elbow-shaped” arches
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves evergreen, petiolate, entire, leathery and glabrous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers solitary or few together, pedunculate, ebracteate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Calyx forming a tube below, ± adnate to the ovary and the hollow disc, with 8–15 free, ± fleshy, linear, glabrous lobes, persistent in fruit
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals in the same number as the calyx-lobes, inserted between these, bifid or lobed at the apex, with long, linear appendages
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 2 at each petal, partly enfolded in it, anthers dehiscent with longitudinal slits, opening introrsely; ovary ± inferior, 2–4-celled, style long, with minute stigmatic lobes
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit a leathery berry with persisting calyx-lobes; all but one seed abortive; viviparous, germinating embryo falling from the tree with the fruit attached.
- Distribution
- Some seven species widespread along the shores of the Indian Ocean as far east as Polynesia.
Native to:
Aldabra, Andaman Is., Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, Cape Provinces, Caroline Is., China Southeast, Christmas I., Comoros, Djibouti, Fiji, Gilbert Is., Hainan, India, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laccadive Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Madagascar, Malaya, Maldives, Maluku, Marianas, Marshall Is., Mauritius, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nauru, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Northern Territory, Pakistan, Philippines, Queensland, Samoa, Seychelles, Solomon Is., Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is.
Extinct in:
Taiwan
Introduced into:
Florida, Hawaii
- Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume
- Bruguiera × dungarra N.C.Duke & Hidet.Kudo
- Bruguiera exaristata Ding Hou
- Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam.
- Bruguiera × hainesii C.G.Rogers
- Bruguiera parviflora (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. ex Griff.
- Bruguiera × rhynchopetala (W.C.Ko) N.C.Duke & X.J.Ge
- Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir.
Bruguiera Lam. appears in other Kew resources:
First published in Encycl. 4: 696 (1798)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. (1996). World Checklist of Seed Plants 2(1, 2): 1-492. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
Flora Zambesiaca
- Encycl. Méth.Bot. 4, 2: 696 (1798).
- Tabl. Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2,2: t. 397 (1797)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by I. Friis [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Encycl. Méth. 4: 696 (1796)
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China
The Malesian Key Group (2010) Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China (Version 2.0, 28 Jul 2010) The Nationaal Herbarium Nederland Leiden and The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0