Euphorbiaceae
Croton

Croton tiglium L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 1004 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical & Subtropical Asia. It is a shrub or tree and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maldives, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

Introduced into:

Caroline Is., Japan

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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PAFTOL

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • (2023). https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2023.68.01.01. epublication.
  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
  • Berry, P.E., Kainulainen, K. & van Ee, B.W. (2017). A nomenclator of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar, the Comoros archipelago, and the Mascarene islands. PhytoKeys 90: 1-87.
  • Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
  • Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Khan, B. & Khan, M.S. (2002). Taxonomic and distributional notes on the species. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 9(1): 77-80.
  • Pasha, M.K., Chakrabarthy, T. & Balakrishnan, N.P. (2013). A taxonomic revision of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) in Bangladesh. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 37: 379-389.
  • van Ee, B. & Berry, P.E. (2010). Typification notes for Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Harvard Papers in Botany 15: 73-84.
  • van Ee, B.W. (2011). The contribution of Johann Friedrich Klotzsch in the taxonomy of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) and associated genera. Willdenowia 41: 15-33.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2023). https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2023.68.01.01. epublication.
  • Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
  • Chayamarit, K. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Genera A-F). Flora of Thailand 8(1): 1-303. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
  • Fosberg, F.R. (1957). The Maldive islands, Indian Ocean. Atoll Research Bulletin 58: 1-37.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Khan, B. & Khan, M.S. (2002). Taxonomic and distributional notes on the species. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 9(1): 77-80.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Aug 1, 2013 I Made Maduarta (Pung) [IMM 179] Indonesia K000734547 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K004447230 Yes
s.coll. [10240] Philippines K004447255 Yes
Cuming, H. [871] Philippines K004447226 Yes
Koorders, S.H. [Kds20574β] Indonesia K004447038 Yes
Geesink, R.; Hattink, T.; Phengklai, C. [6919] Thailand K004446347 Yes
Henry, A. China K004445467 Yes
Sambuling, S. [384] Malaysia K004447052 Yes
Ford, C. China K004445454 Yes
Ambriansyah; Valkenburg, J.V. [AA:803] Indonesia K004447041 Yes
Lee, B. [S44535] Malaysia K004447042 Yes
Cuming, H. [1804] Philippines K004447228 Yes
Maximowicz Japan K004445431 Yes
Ching, R.C. China K004445433 Yes
Balansa, B. [3258] Vietnam K004446353 Yes
Smythies, B.E. [S17159] Malaysia K004447045 Yes
Hu, S.Y.; But, P.P.H. Hong Kong K004445445 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004448929 Yes
Chun, W.Y. Hong Kong K004445452 Yes
Dius Tadong [200] Malaysia K004447048 Yes
McClure, F.A. China K004445449 Yes
Williams, R.S. [2751] Philippines K004447233 Yes
s.coll. [112] Indonesia K004447037 Yes
s.coll. China K004445435 Yes
Ilias Paie [S19552] Malaysia K004447043 Yes
Guile, D.P.M. Hong Kong K004445459 Yes
Sauveur [128] Indonesia K001235632 Yes
Wenzel, C.A. [2675] Philippines K004447254 Yes
Balansa, B. [3257] Vietnam K004446354 Yes
Barbon; Garcia; Alvarez [PPI5544] Philippines K004447235 Yes
Chan, K.Y. Hong Kong K004445456 Yes
Jacobs, M. [7893] Philippines K004447260 Yes
Piper, C.V. [563] Philippines K004447256 Yes
Tsang, W.T. [29375] Vietnam K004446361 Yes
Tsang, W.T. [29140] Vietnam K004446359 Yes
Ching, R.C. China K004445432 Yes
McClure, F.A. China K004445451 Yes
Hoare, A.; Sakai, S. [287] Malaysia K004447051 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [10719] Thailand K004446348 Yes
Lei, C.I. China K004445450 Yes
Balansa, B. [[4375]] Vietnam K004446355 Yes
s.coll. [100] Indonesia K004447036 Yes
Balansa, B. [4375] Vietnam K004446356 Yes
Tsui, T.M. China K004445465 Yes
Leon, C.J., Zhang,B., Lin, Y-L., Davis, A.P.; Shaw, D [TCMK 0014] China K001926683 No
Noerkas; [Exp: v. Vuuren] [420] Indonesia K004447055 Yes
Puan Ching, Y.; et al. [S62871] Malaysia K004447044 No
Poilane, E. [30087] Vietnam K001636295 Yes
Ahern's collector [3129] Philippines K004116181 Yes
Tsang, W.T. China K004445443 Yes
McGregor, R.C. [303] Philippines K004116180 Yes
Clemens, J.; Clemens, M.S. [26138] Malaysia K004447050 Yes
Lau, S.K. China K004445446 Yes
Wilford, C. Taiwan K004445430 Yes
Tsang, W.T. China K004445444 Yes
Kornassi; [Exp. Rutten] [561] K004447056 Yes
Castro, P.; Melegrito, F. [1466] Malaysia K004447054 Yes
Banlugan, G. [I-632] Philippines K004447258 Yes
Creagh, C.M.G. [s.n.] Malaysia K004447053 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [1879] Ghana K004447815 Yes
Guile, D.P.M. Hong Kong K004445458 Yes
Poilane, M. [13517] Laos K004446351 Yes
[Cuming] [871] Philippines K004447225 Yes
s.coll. China K004445466 Yes
Elbert, J. [3746] K004447057 Yes
Chin, S.C.; Kusen, A. [3141] Malaysia K004446000 Yes
Clemens, J.; Clemens, M.S. [21262] Malaysia K004447047 Yes
Guile, D.P.M. Hong Kong K004445460 Yes
Tsang, W.T. [30008] Vietnam K004446360 Yes
Tutcher, W.J. China K004445453 Yes
Balansa, B. [4375] Vietnam K004446357 Yes
Hu, S.Y. Hong Kong K004445455 Yes
Wilson, E.H. China K004445438 Yes
Lei, C.I. China K004445448 Yes
Poilane, M. [10910] Vietnam K004446352 Yes
Tsang, W.T. China K004445434 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004445998 Yes
Hu, S.Y. Hong Kong K004445457 Yes
Ramli [1981] Malaysia K004447034 Yes
Motley, J. [607] Malaysia K004447033 Yes
Guile, D.P.M. Hong Kong K004445462 Yes
Lei, C.I. China K004445447 Yes
Wallich [7722] India K000246909 Type Yes
Merrill, E.D. [433] Philippines K004116182 Yes
Faber, E. (Rev.) China K004445439 Yes
s.coll. [556] Philippines K004447227 Yes
Cheng, W.C.; Hwa, C.T. China K004445464 Yes
Merrill [s.n.] Philippines K004447259 Yes
Wallich [7722] India K000246850 Type Yes
Fénix, E. [12707] Philippines K004447257 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [6366] Thailand K004446350 Yes
Baker, C.F. [s.n.] Cuba K004622114 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [2819] Philippines K004447231 Yes
Tsang; Tsang; Fung China K004445442 Yes
Guile, D.P.M. Hong Kong K004445461 Yes
Elbert, J. (Dr) [4219] K004447058 Yes
Wallich [7722] India K000246851 Type Yes
s.coll. [97] Cuba K004622115 Yes
Rahman [6764] Malaysia K004447049 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [5507] Thailand K004446349 Yes
Maire, R.P. China K004445437 Yes
Hallier [s.n.] Indonesia K004447039 Yes
Ichang, A.H. China K004445441 Yes
Tsui, T.M. China K004445463 Yes
Rahayu, N.M. [327] K004447040 Yes
Henry, A. China K004445436 Yes
Faber, E. (Rev.) China K004445440 Yes
Mendoza, D.R. [PNH97754] Philippines K004447234 Yes
Beccari, O. [s.n.] Malaysia K004447046 Yes
Conklin, H.; Del Rosario, R.M. [45] Philippines K004447252 Yes
Banlugan, G. [450] Philippines K004447253 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [1289] Philippines K004447232 Yes
Lambak, F.R. [15007] Malaysia K004445999 Yes
Afriastini, J.J. [421] Malaysia K004447035 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [4315] Thailand Croton birmanicus K004446066 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [2570] Thailand Croton birmanicus K004446067 Yes
Winit [1439] Thailand Croton birmanicus K004446068 Yes
Cribb, P.J.; Chau, K.C.; Luo, Y.B.; Qin, H.N.; Siu, L.P.; Wei, Y.G. China Croton tiglium var. xiaopadou K000648383 Yes
Jan 1, 1970 Thwaites [2113] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K000246848 Type Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India Croton officinalis K004445705 Yes
Wallich [7768] India Croton officinalis K000246849 Type Yes
Gamble, J.S. [11009] India Croton officinalis K004445703 No
Venkataraman Iyer, K.R. [s.n.] India Croton officinalis K004445711 Yes
Fischer, C.E.C. [3882] India Croton officinalis K004445699 Yes
Kostermans [24366] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445719 Yes
Beddome, R.H. [s.n.] India Croton officinalis K004445710 Yes
Beddome, R.H. (Major) [s.n.] India Croton officinalis K004445709 Yes
Hooker, W.J.; Walker [s.n.] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445721 Yes
[C. Parlett] [s.n.] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445713 Yes
s.coll. [11031] India Croton officinalis K004445696 Yes
s.coll. [8912] India Croton officinalis K004445697 Yes
Venkataraman Iyer, K.R. [s.n.] India Croton officinalis K004445707 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India Croton officinalis K004445706 Yes
s.coll. [12220] India Croton officinalis K004445708 Yes
Jayasuriya, A.H.M. [1286] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445717 Yes
Rungachari, K.; Bourne [s.n.] India Croton officinalis K004445698 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [17117] India Croton officinalis K004445704 Yes
Fosberg, F.R. [56382] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445720 Yes
Wirawan, N.; Cooray, R.G.; Balakrishnan, N. [857] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445716 Yes
s.coll. [3392] India Croton officinalis K004445695 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [18228] India Croton officinalis K004445702 Yes
Kostermans [27361] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445718 Yes
[Mr Col Walker]; Gardner [11] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445714 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [16361] India Croton officinalis K004445701 Yes
Kostermans [24366] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445712 Yes
Mueller-Dombois, D.; Wirawan, N.; Cooray, R.G.; Balakrishnan, N. [69042614] Sri Lanka Croton officinalis K004445715 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Art and Illustrations in Digifolia

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew

  • EBC Common Names

    • Common Names from Kew's Economic Botany Collection https://www.kew.org/science/collections-and-resources/collections/economic-botany-collection

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images