Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbia

Euphorbia esula L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 461 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Azores to Temp. Eurasia. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Afghanistan, Altay, Amur, Austria, Azores, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Central European Russia, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Corse, Czechia-Slovakia, East European Russia, France, Germany, Hungary, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Irkutsk, Italy, Kamchatka, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Lebanon-Syria, Manchuria, Mongolia, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, NW. Balkan Pen., Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Qinghai, Sakhalin, South European Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yakutiya

Introduced into:

Denmark, Great Britain, Maryland, Norway, Oregon, Sweden

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Accepted Infraspecifics

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Ackerfield, J. (2015). Flora of Colorado: 1-818. BRIT Press.
  • Allred, K.W. (2012). Flora Neomexicana, ed. 2, 1: 1-599. Range Science Herbarium, Las Cruces, New Mexico.
  • Baikov, K.S. (2007). Synopsis of the genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in the Northern Asia. Botanicheskii Zhurnal. Moscow & Leningrad 92(1): 135-159.
  • Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Komiljon, T., Natalya, B., Avazbek, B., Dilnoza, A., Ziyoviddin, Y., Deng, T. & Sun, H. (2020). Flora of the Dzhizak Province, Uzbekistan: 1-523. China Forestry Publishing House.
  • Kozhevnikov, A.E., Kozhevnikov, Z.V., Kwak, M. & Lee, B.Y. (2019). Illustrated flora of the Primorsky Territory, Russian Far East: 1-1124. National institute of biological resources.
  • Meyers, S.C. & al. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Oregon 2: 1-861. Botanical research institute of Texas Press.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Nikolin, E.G. (2020). Opredelitel' vysshikh rasteniy Yakutii: 1-895. Moskva : Tovarishchestvo Nauchnykh Izdaniy KMK Novosibirsk "Nauka".
  • Probatova, N.S. & al. (2006). Flora Rossiiskogo Dal'nego Vostoka. Dopolneniya i izmeneniya k izdaniyu Sosudistye rasteniya sovetskogo Dal'nego Vostoka t. 1-8 (1985-1996): 1-454. Russian academy of sciences Far Eastern branch.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Stalažs, A. (2024). List of vascular plants of Latvia (with Latvian names): 1-312. Dobele.
  • Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Rui, C. (eds.) (2019). Flora Intramongolica, edition 3, 3: 1-513. Typis Intramongolicae popularis, Huhhot.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Baikov, K.S. (2007). Synopsis of the genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in the Northern Asia. Botanicheskii Zhurnal. Moscow & Leningrad 92(1): 135-159.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Meyers, S.C. & al. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Oregon 2: 1-861. Botanical research institute of Texas Press.
  • Probatova, N.S. & al. (2006). Flora Rossiiskogo Dal'nego Vostoka. Dopolneniya i izmeneniya k izdaniyu Sosudistye rasteniya sovetskogo Dal'nego Vostoka t. 1-8 (1985-1996): 1-454. Russian academy of sciences Far Eastern branch.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • von Raab-Straube, E. & Raus, T. (eds.) (2013). Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 1. Willdenowia 43: 151-164.

Kew Plants for Health

  • "Int. Poisonous Plants Checklist (2008, Wagstaff)"
  • "World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)"
  • MPNS Import
  • US-FDA GSRS (2025)

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Willkommii, H.M. [785] Spain K004964651 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964575 Yes
[Rgl] [s.n.] Russia K004964594 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Austria K004964608 Yes
Willkomm [s.n.] Spain K004964652 Yes
Rigo [s.n.] Italy K004964653 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003870217 Yes
Wiegand, K.M. [6776] United States K001574143 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003870214 Yes
[Hulne Wilson] [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964574 Yes
Bailey, C.; Manchester [1139] United Kingdom K004964572 Yes
Sjöstrand, J.M. [s.n.] Sweden K004964586 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K004964639 Yes
Bourgeau, E. [s.n.] Spain K004964647 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004964641 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003870220 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004964642 Yes
s.coll. [177] France K004964632 Yes
Asplund, E. [s.n.] Sweden K004964583 Yes
Andres, L.A.; Hawkes, R.B. [79-10] Russia K004964591 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Germany K004964598 Yes
Rehmann, A. (Dr) [s.n.] K004964593 Yes
[Br,Isek] [s.n.] Germany K004964599 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K004964628 Yes
Baenitz, C. [s.n.] Germany K004964597 Yes
[elemy. Levet] [s.n.] France K004964627 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Germany K004964595 Yes
Lindberg, H. [865] Spain K004964649 Yes
Hodge, J.B.S. [H692/48] United Kingdom K004964573 Yes
Vink, W. [911] Netherlands K004964625 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003870218 Yes
Druce, F. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964567 Yes
[Krichich] [s.n.] Belgium K004964622 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003870221 Yes
[Aslesgelly [s.n.] France K004964638 Yes
[D. Schur] [10677] Romania K004964615 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964569 Yes
Fijalkowski, D. [s.n.] Poland K004964620 Yes
Rawlings, S. [111] United Kingdom K004964576 Yes
Porta; Rigo [584] Spain K004964646 Yes
[Rohleno] [s.n.] Montenegro K004964659 Yes
Hutchins [s.n.] United Kingdom K004961513 Yes
s.coll. [[36]] K004964656 Yes
Halliwell; Mason; Smallcombe [1458] Spain K004964648 Yes
Halliwell; Mason; Smallcombe [1691] Spain K004964643 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Germany K004964600 Yes
Butler, R.W. [2] Germany K004964603 Yes
[Hughes] [s.n.] Croatia K004964657 Yes
[R. Butler] [47] Germany K004964604 Yes
[a. Malhrancke] [1670] France K004964640 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Russia K004964589 Yes
Wilson, H. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964581 Yes
Holden, A. [s.n.] Czech Republic K004964614 Yes
Gross, H. [s.n.] Poland K004964618 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003870212 Yes
Black, A.O. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964571 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964577 Yes
Golde, D. [s.n.] Russia K004964590 Yes
Kokke, P.; Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. [375] Netherlands K004964624 Yes
Ozanon, Ch. [s.n.] France K004964636 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003870213 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K004964634 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K004964633 Yes
Smith, A.R. [12] Austria K004964613 Yes
[Pharmai G. Rigo] [s.n.] Italy K004964655 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964570 Yes
Ferioli, A. [s.n.] Italy K004964654 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Spain K004964644 Yes
Hirvensalo, K.J. [s.n.] Finland K004964587 Yes
[Aidibet] [s.n.] France K004964629 Yes
Pemberton, R.H. [s.n.] Hungary K004964606 Yes
Pemberton, R.H. [s.n.] Hungary K004964607 Yes
Andersson (Dr) [[1887]] K004964584 Yes
Reverchon, E. [s.n.] France K004964630 Yes
Maly, K. [s.n.] Bosnia and Herzegovina K004964658 Yes
Lambinon, J. [90/F/327] France K004964631 Yes
[A. Boraeu] [s.n.] France K004964637 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Germany K004964601 Yes
Holden, A. [16] Austria K004964611 Yes
Lousley, J.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964568 Yes
Marchal, É. [335] Belgium K004964623 Yes
[F. Forster] [s.n.] Germany K004964596 Yes
Becker, A. [s.n.] K004964592 Yes
Gross, H. [s.n.] Poland K004964619 Yes
[Mueelr] [s.n.] Austria K004964609 Yes
Jacobs, M. [495] Netherlands K004964626 Yes
Robbrecth, E. [3764] Belgium K004964621 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003870219 Yes
Ularu, P. [s.n.] Romania K004964617 Yes
Holden, A. [326] Austria K004964612 Yes
Andres, L.A.; Hawkes, R.B. [79-10] Russia K004964588 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Austria K004964610 Yes
Boullu, A. [s.n.] France K004964635 Yes
[Leeman] [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964578 Yes
[Dr Schur] [12398] Romania K004964616 Yes
Simpson, N.D. [34118] United Kingdom K004964582 Yes
Leaher, V.M. (Miss) [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964580 Yes
Willkomm, H. [s.n.] Spain K004964650 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Spain K004964645 Yes
[Prof. Dlyh] [s.n.] K004964585 Yes
Salmon, C.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K004964579 Yes
Thomas [s.n.] Switzerland K004964605 Yes
Rohlena, J. [s.n.] Bosnia and Herzegovina Euphorbion esulum K000911963 Unknown Type Material Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2026. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2026. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images