Euphorbiaceae
Hevea

Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg.

First published in Linnaea 34: 204 (1865)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is S. Tropical America. It is a tree and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. It is used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders, as animal food and a medicine, has environmental uses and for fuel and food.

Distribution

Native to:

Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil South, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela

Introduced into:

Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Bismarck Archipelago, Cambodia, Caroline Is., Central African Republic, China South-Central, China Southeast, Costa Rica, Fiji, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, India, Malaya, Marianas, Mexico Southwest, Nicobar Is., Taiwan, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Zaïre

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
  • Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K. & Monterrosa Salomón, J. (2009). Nova silva cusatlantica. Árboles nativos e introduciados de El Salvador. Parte 1: Angiospermae - Familias A a L. Englera 29-1: 1-438.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera & C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2010). Manual de plantas de Costa Rica volumen V. Dicotiledóneas (Clusiaceae-Gunneraceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 1-970. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo). Taxonomania. Revue de Taxonomie et de Nomenclature Botaniques 30: 1-307.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Sam, H.V. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2004). Revision of Annesijoa, Elateriospermum and the Introduced species of Hevea in Malesia (Euphorbiaceae). Blumea 49: 425-440.
  • Smith, A.C. (1981). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 2: 1-810. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Takeuchi, W. (2005). Floristic notes from a holocene successional environment in Papuasia. Harvard Papers in Botany 10: 95-116.
  • Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • van Welzen, P.C. & Chayamarit, K. (2007). Flora of Thailand 8(2): 305-592. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Species Profiles

  • Ghani, M.N.A. & Wessel, M. (2000). Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Juss.) Müll.Arg. In: Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 18: Plants Producing Exudates, ed. E. Boer & A. B. Ella, pp. 73-82. Backhuys Publisher, Leiden, The Netherlands
  • International Rubber Research and Development Board (IRRDB) (2006). Portrait of the global rubber industry. IRRDB, Kuala Lumpur.
  • Schultes, R. E. (1990). A brief taxonomic view of the genus. Malaysian Rubber Research and Development Board Monograph no.14.
  • Webster, C.C. & Baulkwill, W.J. ed. 1989. Rubber. Longman Scientific & Technical, Harlow, U.K.

Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

  • Kew's Economic Botany collection in The State of the World’s Plants Report–2016. (2016). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew https://stateoftheworldsplants.org/2016/
  • Linares, E. (1994). Inventario preliminar de las plantas utilizadas para elaborar artesanías en Colombia. Vniversitas Scientarium. Vol 2: 1-38

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • J. H. Holland, The Useful Plants of Nigeria, Kew Bulletin, Additional Series IX, 4: 585
  • —F.T.A. 6, 1: 743

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Balakrishnan, N.P. & Chakrabarty, T. (2007). The family Euphorbiaceae in India. A synopsis of its profile, taxonomy and bibliography: 1-500. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 1: 1-114. ORSTOM, Bangui.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera & C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2010). Manual de plantas de Costa Rica volumen V. Dicotiledóneas (Clusiaceae-Gunneraceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 1-970. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo). Taxonomania. Revue de Taxonomie et de Nomenclature Botaniques 30: 1-307.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Smith, A.C. (1981). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 2: 1-810. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Takeuchi, W. (2005). Floristic notes from a holocene successional environment in Papuasia. Harvard Papers in Botany 10: 95-116.
  • Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • van Welzen, P.C. & Chayamarit, K. (2007). Flora of Thailand 8(2): 305-592. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Bernal, R., S.R. Gradstein & M. Celis (eds.). 2019. Nombres comunes de las plantas de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/es/
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • Cámara-Leret, R., & Dennehy, Z. (2019). Information gaps in indigenous and local knowledge for science-policy assessments. Nature Sustainability 2:736-741.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
  • Jansen, P., Lemmens, R., Oyen, L., Siemonsma, J., Stavast, F. & Van Valkenburg, J. (1991) Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Basic list of species and commodity grouping. Final version. Pudoc, Wageningen.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 2015 Carrion-Cuellar, A.M.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Klitgaard, B.; Edwards, S.; Alves (Canela), P.S.; Uchoa, L.J. [1339] Bolivia K001378541 Yes
Jan 1, 1985 Zarucchi, J.L.; Schultes, R.E. [1015] Colombia K001501157 Yes
Jan 1, 1985 Schultes, R.E. [6345] Colombia K001501138 Yes
Jan 1, 1981 Schultes, Richard Evans [6043] Colombia K001501136 Yes
Jan 1, 1981 Schultz, R.E. [6048] Colombia K001501137 Yes
Sep 1, 1978 Schultes, R.E. [8521] Colombia K001501156 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 Schultes, Richard Evans [6132] Colombia K001501165 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 Schultes, R.E. [6795] Colombia K001501140 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 Schultes, R.E. [6795] Colombia K001501141 Yes
Jan 1, 1978 RS [Spruce] [136] Brazil K000572953 Yes
Jan 1, 1971 Schultes, Richard Evans [6108] Colombia K001501164 Yes
Jan 1, 1964 Schultes, Richard Evans [6857] Colombia K001501167 Yes
Jan 1, 1964 Schultes, Richard Evans [6365] Colombia K001501168 Yes
Aug 1, 1950 Glaziou [4911] Brazil K001205513 Syntype Yes
Jan 1, 1950 Ule, E. [5353] Brazil K001205458 Syntype Yes
Jul 1, 1907 Ule, E. [5893] Brazil K001205456 Syntype Yes
Carrion, A.M.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Klitgaard, S.; Vargas, S.; Parada, R.; Isita, R.; Salvatierra, L. [729] Bolivia K001378540 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154842 Yes
Schultes, R.E. [8079] Colombia K001574119 Yes
Schrire, B. [217] South Africa K004154753 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Singapore K004154705 Yes
Rodriguez, J. [002] Peru K000111703 Yes
[CHB] [s.n.] Singapore K004154709 Yes
Schultes, R.E.; Cordeiro, E. [s.n.] Brazil K004154889 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8870] Guyana K004154818 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154591 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Micronesia, Federated States of K004154514 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Peru K004154914 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154897 Yes
Quevedo, R.; Guillén; Gutiérrez; Jardim [1087] Bolivia K000939961 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154856 Yes
Elmer, A.D.E. [20983] Malaysia K004154494 No
Matthew, K.M.; Alphonse, V. [RHT1781] India K004154696 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154786 Yes
Cuadra, A. [A1298] Malaysia K004154497 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154870 Yes
Carballal, I.; Watkiss, E.J. [161A] Bolivia K004154589 Yes
Schultes, R.E. [6055A] Colombia K004154588 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K004154746 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8879] K004154859 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154847 Yes
Cuadra, A. [A2207] Malaysia K004154498 Yes
Stone, B.C.; et al. [PPI6310] Philippines K004154505 Yes
Williams, R.S. [1659] Bolivia K000939963 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8869] Guyana K004154822 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154790 Yes
Leonard, J. [s.n.] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K004154745 Yes
Killeen, T. [4427] Bolivia K000939970 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154767 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8867] Guyana K004154827 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154862 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154787 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Ghana K004154724 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Guyana K004154819 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154763 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154796 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K001205622 No
Tsang; Tang; Fung [11] China K004154694 Yes
Lorence Lugas [244] Malaysia K004154499 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154872 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154769 Yes
Skutch, A.F. [4976] Peru K004154912 Yes
López, F. [10281] Brazil K004154894 No
Elmer, A.D.E. [20022] Malaysia K004154492 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154728 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154884 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8868] Guyana K004154823 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154865 Yes
Poisson, E. [s.n.] French Guiana K004154880 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Singapore K004154703 Yes
Fanshawe, D.B. [5088] Guyana K004154877 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154896 Yes
Damanu, E. [97] Fiji K004154511 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154788 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154789 Yes
Chase, M.W. Malaysia K001907026 Yes
Chase, M.W. Malaysia K001069201 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154882 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154888 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154883 Yes
Killeen, T. [4521] Bolivia K000939969 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154852 Yes
Parham, J.W.; Kuruvoli, I.T. [16030] Fiji K004154509 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Sierra Leone K004154715 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154771 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154867 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] French Guiana K004154873 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154855 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154864 Yes
Carvalho, M.F.; Fernandez Casas, J. [12110(2)] Equatorial Guinea K004154516 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154750 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154854 Yes
Pennington, R.T.; et al. [81] Bolivia K:SPC-56623.000 No
[P. P. Paliodc] [CLP1590] Philippines K004154507 Yes
Kandau Jenang [S58035] Malaysia K004154496 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Bolivia K000939960 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154749 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154766 Yes
s.coll. [F2352] Guyana K004154876 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154839 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154764 Yes
Shimizu, T.; Fukuoka, N.; Nalampoon, A. [T8169] Thailand K004154489 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Suriname K004154878 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154895 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154845 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154887 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154846 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Guyana K004154820 Yes
Vermoesen, F.M.C. [1] K004154742 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154768 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154792 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8867] Guyana K004154825 Yes
K:SPC-70000.398 No
s.coll. [F2353] Guyana K004154875 Yes
Zenker, G.A. [3917a] Cameroon K004154739 No
Stockdale, F.A. [8879] K004154860 Yes
White, C.E. [2378] Bolivia K000939965 Yes
Carpenter, J.B.; Lescano, M. [s.n.] Peru K004154913 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154782 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154871 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Sierra Leone K004154717 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8879] K004154858 Yes
Casas, F. [12110] Equatorial Guinea K004154515 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154898 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Ghana K004154721 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] China K004154695 Yes
Cooray, R.G. [69080109R] Sri Lanka K004154488 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154844 Yes
Monteiro da Costa, R. [s.n.] Brazil K004154881 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8867] Guyana K004154826 Yes
Koroiveiban, D. [12458] Fiji K004154513 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154891 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154848 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154774 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154868 Yes
Domínguez, R.; Gonzales, E. [29] Bolivia K000939958 Yes
Pennington, R.T.; Harrison, G.J.; Monro, A.K.; Rowe, E.C. [130] Bolivia K000939971 Yes
Leonard, J. [s.n.] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K004154741 Yes
Wickham HA Brazil K:SPC-66452.000 No
Stockdale, F.A. [8878] K004154869 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Peru K004154915 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154733 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154857 Yes
Chevalier, A.J.B. [23349] Benin K004154727 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154849 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Cote d'Ivoire K004154720 Yes
Gleason, H.A. [569] Guyana K004154874 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K003984876 Yes
Williams, R.S. [1658] Bolivia K000939964 Yes
Kochummen, K.M. [FRI29005] Malaysia K004154710 Yes
de Koning. J. [6670] K004154740 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154708 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154861 Yes
Skutch, A.F. [4984] Brazil K004154901 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154794 Yes
Morton; Sesay [SL979] Sierra Leone K004154714 Yes
Said, I.M.; Joffre Hj Ali Ahmad; Sing, H. [BRUN18500] Brunei K004154491 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8878] K004154863 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154765 Yes
Gentle, P.H. [2246] Belize K004154517 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8867] Guyana K004154828 Yes
Koroiveiban, D.; Peter [s.n.] Fiji K004154512 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154699 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154793 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154592 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154752 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K000370819 Yes
Johnson, W.H. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154738 Yes
Leonard, J. [s.n.] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K004154744 Yes
Elmer, A.D.E. [20983] Malaysia K004154493 Yes
Sperling, C.R.; King, S.; Molina, M.; Lanza C, I. [6489] Bolivia K000939959 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K004154697 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8883] K004154851 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154795 Yes
Turnau, E.A. [857] Malaysia K004154702 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154688 Yes
Schultes, R.E.; Cordeiro, E. [6495] Brazil K004154890 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154885 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154778 Yes
Baland, C. [1870] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K004154743 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154732 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154840 Yes
Kochummen, K.M. [FRI29005] Malaysia K004154711 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154706 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154748 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154853 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154772 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154785 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Suriname K004154879 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154776 Yes
Chevalier, A.J.B. [s.n.] Benin K004154726 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154866 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154892 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8868] Guyana K004154824 Yes
Johnson, W.H. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154737 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] China K004154693 Yes
Turnau, E.A. [857] Malaysia K004154701 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154751 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154729 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154843 Yes
Pennington, R.T.; Harrison, G.J.; Monro, A.K.; Rowe, E.C. [81] Bolivia K004154590 Yes
Johnson, W.H. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154736 Yes
Guillen, R.; Mayle, F.; Solíz, P.; Surubi, J. [4001] Bolivia K000939957 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Uganda K004154747 Yes
Stockdale, F.A. [8869] Guyana K004154821 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154791 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154893 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154770 Yes
Johnson, W.H. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154735 Yes
Johnson, W.H. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154734 Yes
Henty, E.E. [NGF11576] Papua New Guinea K004154508 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] China K004154691 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Sri Lanka K004154487 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154700 Yes
Foster, P.F.; Ritter, N.; Killeen, T.; Solíz, P. [103] Bolivia K000939955 Yes
Burkill, I.H. [s.n.] Singapore K004154704 Yes
Smith, A.C. [9440] Fiji K004154510 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154775 Yes
Krukoff, B.A. [10824] Bolivia K000939967 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154900 Yes
Schultes, R.E.; George, A. [8081] Brazil K004154903 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Nigeria K004154731 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154781 Yes
Williams, R.S. [1657] Bolivia K000939966 Yes
Small, D. [507] Sierra Leone K004154716 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154902 Yes
Ambri; Arifin [W330] Indonesia K004154495 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154886 Yes
Johnson, W.H. [1093] Ghana K004154723 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Bolivia K000939962 Yes
Pennington, R.T.; Harrison, G.J.; Monro, A.K.; Rowe, E.C. [111] Bolivia K000939972 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154773 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154777 Yes
s.coll. [2246] Belize K004154518 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Liberia K004154718 Yes
Foster, P.F.; Ritter, N.; Killeen, T.; Solíz, P. [103] Bolivia K000939956 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Ghana K004154722 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [14392] Thailand K004154490 Yes
Barbon; Romero; Fernando [PPI1703] Philippines K004154506 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154780 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Singapore K004154707 Yes
Akpabla, G.K. [90] Ghana K004154725 Yes
Trinidad and Tobago K:SPC-66207.000 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154841 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154850 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154784 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154779 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154911 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154689 Yes
Prescott, M.; Watkiss, E. [[143]] Bolivia K000939968 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] China K004154692 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154690 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Brazil K004154899 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K004154783 Yes
Van Harten, A.M. [371] Liberia K004154719 Yes
Peru K000111702 Yes
Bolivia K001378537 Yes
Bolivia K001378538 Yes
Bolivia K001378539 Yes
Bolivia K001378540 Yes
Bolivia K001378541 Yes
Bolivia K001378542 Yes
Bolivia K001378543 Yes
Bolivia K001378544 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501128 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501129 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501130 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501131 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501132 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501133 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501134 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501135 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501136 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501137 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501139 Yes
Colombia K001501142 Yes
Colombia K001501143 Yes
Colombia K001501144 Yes
Colombia K001501145 Yes
Colombia K001501146 Yes
Colombia K001501147 Yes
Colombia K001501148 Yes
Colombia K001501149 Yes
Colombia (Amaonas) K001501150 Yes
Colombia (Amaonas) K001501151 Yes
Colombia (Amaonas) K001501152 Yes
Colombia (Amaonas) K001501153 Yes
Colombia K001501154 Yes
Colombia K001501155 Yes
Colombia K001501156 Yes
Colombia K001501157 Yes
Colombia K001501158 Yes
Colombia K001501159 Yes
Colombia K001501160 Yes
Colombia K001501161 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501162 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501163 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501164 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501165 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501166 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501167 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501168 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501169 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501170 Yes
Colombia (Amazonas) K001501171 Yes
Ecuador K001501172 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    • ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    • https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Kew Species Profiles

    • Kew Species Profiles
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Neotropikey

    • Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/