Poaceae
Avena

Avena byzantina K.Koch

First published in Linnaea 21: 392 (1848)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is a cultigen from E. Medit to Iran. It is an annual and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Descriptions

Morphology General Habit
Annual. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 60-150 cm long. Culm-nodes glabrous. Lateral branches lacking. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 3-7 mm long. Leaf-blades 15-30 cm long; 2-6 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous. Leaf-blade margins scabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle open; elliptic; 15-25 cm long. Spikelets pendulous; solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Pedicels filiform.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 3-4 fertile florets; with a barren rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; laterally compressed; 27-30 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating above glumes but not between florets. Floret callus evident; bearded; obtuse; fracturing irregularly; with elliptic scar. Floret callus hairs 3-5.5 mm long.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 3-4 fertile florets; with a barren rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; laterally compressed; 27-30 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating above glumes but not between florets. Floret callus evident; bearded; obtuse; fracturing irregularly; with elliptic scar. Floret callus hairs 3-5.5 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes persistent; similar; exceeding apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma; gaping. Lower glume lanceolate; 25-30 mm long; 1 length of upper glume; membranous; without keels; 7 -veined. Lower glume apex acuminate. Upper glume elliptic; 28-33 mm long; 1.5-1.8 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous; without keels; 9 -veined. Upper glume apex acuminate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Fertile lemma lanceolate; 15-20 mm long; coriaceous; much thinner above; without keel; 7 -veined. Lemma apex dentate; 2 -fid; with lobes 1.5 mm long; awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn dorsal; arising 0.5 way up back of lemma; straight, or curved; 25-33 mm long overall; without a column. Palea 12-15 mm long. Palea keels ciliolate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Anthers 3. Ovary pubescent all over.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; sulcate on hilar side; hairy all over. Hilum linear.
Distribution
Europe: southwestern and southeastern. Africa: north, east tropical, south, and western Indian ocean. Asia-temperate: Soviet Middle Asia, Caucasus, western Asia, and Arabia. Asia-tropical: India. Australasia: Australia and New Zealand. South America: western South America, Brazil, and southern South America.
Reference
Aveneae. Fl Turk 1993.
[GB]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Common Names

English
Red Oats

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0