- Family:
- Poaceae Barnhart
- Genus:
- Avena L.
Avena fatua L.

[CPLC]
Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
- Distribution
- Naturalizada y adventicia en Colombia; Alt. 2000 - 3000 m.; Andes.
- Morphology General Habit
- Hierba
- Conservation
- No Evaluada
[UNAL]
Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/
- Vernacular
- avena, avena cimarrona
[UPB]
The Useful Plants of Boyacá project
- Ecology
- Alt. 2000 - 3000 m.
- Morphology General Habit
- Herb.
- Distribution
- Introduced and naturalised in Colombia.
- Conservation
- Not Evaluated.
[FTEA]
Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips & S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual; culms 30–150 cm. high, erect or geniculate at the base, stout, simple.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaf-blades 10–45 cm. long and 3–15 mm. wide, glabrous, rough; ligules up to 6 mm. long.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Panicle nodding, narrowly to broadly pyramidal, 10–40 cm. long and up to 20 cm. wide, loose, with rough spreading branches.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets pendulous, 18–28 mm. long, 2–3-flowered, the rhachilla articulated beneath each floret; glumes lanceolate, finely acute; lemmas 14–20 mm. long, densely bearded around the horseshoe-shaped basal callus with hairs up to 4 mm. long, stiffly hairy and finally brown in the lower two-thirds, green and rough above, unequally and shortly 2–4-toothed at the apex; awn 2.5–4 cm. long, geniculate, the column dark brown.
- Figures
- Fig. 28, p. 83.
- Habitat
- Weed of arable land; 2100–2400 m.
- Distribution
- K3 Europe, North Africa, western and central Asiaintroduced to many other countries
[FZ]
Gramineae, E. Launert. Flora Zambesiaca 10:1. 1971
- Morphology General Habit
- A weak annual.
- Morphology Culms
- Culms 40-150 cm. tall, 3-5-noded, solitary, or in small tufts, simple, erect or ascending from a geniculate base, terete, smooth, usually glabrous.
- Morphology Leaves Leaf sheaths
- Leaf-sheaths striate, dorsally rounded, the inferior often pilose, smooth.
- Morphology Leaves Ligules
- Ligule up to 6 mm. long, membranous, obtuse.
- Morphology Leaves Leaf lamina
- Leaf-laminae 10-50 x 0.3-1.6 cm., linear to lanceolate-linear, tapering to a fine point, expanded, vivid green, glabrous or rarely scattered pilose, scaberulous on both surfaces.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Panicle 10-45 cm. long, up to 20 cm. in diameter, usually nodding, open and loose, pyramidal; branches usually clustered, rarely solitary (except the upper ones), spreading, filiform, loosely branched, scaberulous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets 18-30 mm. long, 2-3-flowered (with a reduced terminal floret), narrowly oblong to obtriangular-oblong in outline, gaping, pendulous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
- Glumes equal to slightly unequal, 7-11-nerved, somewhat cross-veined, lanceolate, with the apex acute.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Lemma
- Lemmas 14-20 mm. long, 7-9-nerved, all awned, lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong, with the apex 2-4-dentate, stiffly pilose towards the base, scaberulous towards the apex, densely bearded at the insertion; awn up to 4.25 cm. long, inserted around the middle of the lemma, dark brown below, green or yellowish towards the apex.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Palea
- Palea densely ciliate along the keels.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Anthers
- Anthers c. 3 mm. long.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Caryopsis 6-8 mm. long, tightly enclosed between the hardened lemma and the palea.
[UPFC]
- Distribution
- Biogeografic region: Andean. Elevation range: 2000–3000 m a.s.l. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Bogotá DC, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Nariño.
- Habit
- Herb.
- Conservation
- IUCN Red List Assessment (2021): LC.
- Ecology
- Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: shrubland.
- Vernacular
- Avena silvestre
[GB]
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 30-150 cm long; 3-5 -noded. Leaves cauline. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 4-6 mm long. Leaf-blades 10-45 cm long; 3-15 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface scaberulous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle open; pyramidal; nodding; 10-40 cm long; 5-20 cm wide. Primary panicle branches drooping. Panicle branches scaberulous. Spikelets pendulous; solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Pedicels filiform.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets comprising 2-3 fertile florets; with a barren rhachilla extension. Spikelets cuneate; laterally compressed; 18-28 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Floret callus evident; bearded; obtuse; disarticulating obliquely. Floret callus hairs 0.2 length of lemma.
- Fertile
- Spikelets comprising 2-3 fertile florets; with a barren rhachilla extension. Spikelets cuneate; laterally compressed; 18-28 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Floret callus evident; bearded; obtuse; disarticulating obliquely. Floret callus hairs 0.2 length of lemma.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
- Glumes persistent; similar; exceeding apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma; gaping. Lower glume lanceolate; 18-28 mm long; 1 length of upper glume; membranous; without keels; 7-11 -veined. Lower glume apex acuminate. Upper glume lanceolate; 18-28 mm long; 1.2-1.4 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous; without keels; 7-11 -veined. Upper glume apex acuminate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
- Fertile lemma lanceolate; 14-20 mm long; coriaceous; much thinner above; dark brown; without keel; 7-9 -veined. Lemma surface pilose; hairy below. Lemma apex dentate; 2-4 -fid; with irregular lobes; awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn dorsal; arising 0.5 way up back of lemma; geniculate; 25-40 mm long overall; with twisted column. Palea keels ciliate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Anthers 3; 3 mm long. Ovary pubescent all over.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; 6-8 mm long; hairy all over. Hilum linear.
- Distribution
- Europe: northern, central, southwestern, southeastern, and eastern. Africa: north, Macaronesia, northeast tropical, east tropical, southern tropical, and south. Asia-temperate: Siberia, Soviet far east, Soviet Middle Asia, Caucasus, western Asia, Arabia, China, Mongolia, and eastern Asia. Asia-tropical: India and Malesia. Australasia: Australia and New Zealand. Pacific: south-central, northwestern, and north-central. North America: Subarctic, western Canada, eastern Canada, northwest USA, north-central USA, northeast USA, southwest USA, south-central USA, and Mexico. South America: Mesoamericana, Caribbean, northern South America, western South America, Brazil, and southern South America. Antarctic: Subantarctic islands.
- Reference
- Aveneae. FTEA.
[UPB]
- Use Gene Sources
- Crop wild relatives which may possess beneficial traits of value in breeding programmes (State of the World's Plants 2016).
- Use Medicines
- Medicinal (Instituto Humboldt 2014).
[UPFC]
- Use Animal Food
- Used as animal food.
- Use Gene Sources
- Used as gene sources.
- Use Food
- Used for food.
- Use Medicines
- Medical uses.
- Use Poisons
- Poisons.
Doubtfully present in:
Greece
Native to:
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Gulf States, Hungary, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Irkutsk, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Kuwait, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Manchuria, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Qinghai, Romania, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia
Extinct in:
Jawa
Introduced into:
Alabama, Alaska, Alberta, Amur, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, British Columbia, California, Cape Provinces, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile South, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Cyprus, Delaware, Desventurados Is., Easter Is., Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Florida, Free State, Great Britain, Guatemala, Hawaii, Honduras, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Ireland, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kentucky, Kenya, Kermadec Is., Khabarovsk, Korea, Kuril Is., Louisiana, Maine, Manitoba, Marquesas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest Territorie, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Queensland, Québec, Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, Society Is., South Australia, South Dakota, South Georgia, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Uruguay, Utah, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yukon, Zimbabwe
- Anelytrum avenaceum Hack.
- Avena ambigua Schönh.
- Avena cultiformis (Malzev) Malzev
- Avena fatua var. acidophila Kiec
- Avena fatua var. alcaliphila Kiec
- Avena fatua var. alta Kiec
- Avena fatua var. altissima Kiec
- Avena fatua subsp. brevipilosa Kiec
- Avena fatua subsp. cultiformis Malzev
- Avena fatua subsp. glabrata (Peterm.) Piper & Beattie
- Avena fatua var. gravis Kiec
- Avena fatua var. hyugaensis Yamag.
- Avena fatua subsp. intermedia (T.Lestib.) Nyman
- Avena fatua var. levis Kiec
- Avena fatua subsp. meridionalis Malzev
- Avena fatua subvar. naniformis Yamag.
- Avena fatua var. nipponica Yamag.
- Avena fatua var. pilosiformis Yamag.
- Avena fatua subvar. pseudonana Yamag.
- Avena fatua subvar. pumila Yamag.
- Avena fatua subsp. septentrionalis (Malzev) Malzev
- Avena fatua f. subcontracta Yamag.
- Avena fatua subvar. zine Yamag.
- Avena intermedia T.Lestib.
- Avena intermedia Lindgr.
- Avena japonica Steud.
- Avena lanuginosa Gilib.
- Avena meridionalis (Malzev) Roshev.
- Avena nigra Wallr.
- Avena occidentalis Durieu
- Avena patens St.-Lag.
- Avena pilosa Scop.
- Avena sativa subsp. fatua (L.) Thell.
- Avena sativa subsp. fatua (L.) Fiori
- Avena septentrionalis Malzev
- Avena sterilis Delile ex Boiss.
- Avena sterilis subsp. fatua (L.) Bonnier & Layens
- Avena vilis Wallr.
- Spanish
- Avena silvestre.
Avena fatua L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cope, T.A. [RBG 173], United Kingdom | K000914524 | Yes |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 80 (1753)
Accepted by
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- Al-Rawi, A. (1987). Flora of Kuwait 2: 1-455. Alden Press Ltd., U.K.
- Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots' Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
- Bennett, B.A., Catling, P.M., Cody, W.J. & Argus, G.W. (2010). New records of vascular plants in the Yukon territory VIII Canadian Field-Naturalist 124: 1-27.
- Bor, N.L. (1968). Flora of Iraq 9: 1-588. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
- Bor, N.L. (1970). Flora Iranica 70: 1-573. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
- Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
- Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Clayton, W.D. (1970). Gramineae Flora of Tropical East Africa 1: 1-176.
- Cope, T.A. (1982). Flora of Pakistan 143: 1-678. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
- Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
- Danin, A. (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina area: 1-517. The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem.
- Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
- Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
- Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
- Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
- Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
- Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
- Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.
- Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
- Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
- Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Japan IVa: 1-430. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
- Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
- Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
- Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
- Kharkevich, S.S., Probatova, N.S. & Novikov, V.S. (1985). Sosudistye rasteniia sovetskogo Dalnego Vostoka 1: 1-383. Izd-vo "Nauka," Leningradskoe otd-nie, Leningrad.
- Koyama, T. (1987). Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions: an identification manual: 1-570. Kodansha, Tokyo, Japan.
- Kozhevnikov, A.E., Kozhevnikov, Z.V., Kwak, M. & Lee, B.Y. (2019). Illustrated flora of the Primorsky Territory, Russian Far East: 1-1124. National institute of biological resources.
- Launert, E. (1971). Flora Zambesiaca 10(1): 1-152. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
- Malyschev, L.I. & Peschkova, G.A. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Siberia 2: 1-362. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
- Meikle, R.D. (1985). Flora of Cyprus 2: 833-1970. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Noltie, H.J. (2000). Flora of Bhutan 3(2): 457-883. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
- Powell, A.M. & Worthington, R.D. (2018). Flowering plants of Trans-Pecos Texas and ajacent areas: 1-1444. BRIT Press.
- Press, J.R. et al. (2000). Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal: i-x, 1-430. Natural History Museum, London.
- Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Retief, E. & Meyer, N.L. (2017). Plants of the Free State inventory and identification guide Strelitzia 38: 1-1236. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
- Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
- Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
- Walker, E.H. (1976). Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu islands: 1-1159. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
- Wilson, A. (ed.) (2009). Flora of Australia 44A: 1-410. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
- Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A Handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
- Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.
Literature
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
- Crop wild relative Inventory https://www.cwrdiversity.org/checklist/ in The State of the World’s Plants Report–2016. (2016). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew https://stateoftheworldsplants.org/2016/
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Castro, C. (Proveedor de metadatos), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). Versión 11.0. http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
Kew Backbone Distributions
- (2021). https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.501.2.1 epublication.
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- Al-Rawi, A. (1987). Flora of Kuwait 2: 1-455. Alden Press Ltd., U.K.
- Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots' Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
- Bennett, B.A., Catling, P.M., Cody, W.J. & Argus, G.W. (2010). New records of vascular plants in the Yukon territory VIII Canadian Field-Naturalist 124: 1-27.
- Bor, N.L. (1968). Flora of Iraq 9: 1-588. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
- Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
- Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
- Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Clayton, W.D. (1970). Gramineae Flora of Tropical East Africa 1: 1-176.
- Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
- Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
- Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
- Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
- Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
- Fedtschenko, B.A. & al. (1932). Flora Turkmenii 1: 1-340. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Forzza, R.C. & al. (2013). Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
- Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
- Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
- Grubov, V.I. (2008). Key to the vascular plants of Mongolia (with an atlas) 2: 1-503. Academy of Sciences, Mongolian People's Republic, Ulaan Bator.
- Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
- Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
- Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
- Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
- Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
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Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
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