Poaceae
Avena

Avena sativa L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 79 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is a cultigen from W. Asia. It is an annual and grows primarily in the temperate biome. It is used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders, as animal food, a poison and a medicine, has environmental uses and for food.

Distribution

Native to:

Iran, Iraq

Introduced into:

Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bermuda, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burundi, California, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Central European Russia, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, Falkland Is., Fiji, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Greenland, Guatemala, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Irkutsk, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Louisiana, Magadan, Maine, Mali, Manitoba, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russia, Northern Provinces, Northwest European Russia, Northwest Territories, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, Sinai, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Virginia, Western Australia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yugoslavia, Yukon

Recorded in error in:

Jawa

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

Kew's Tree of Life Explorer

Discover the flowering plant tree of life and the genomic data used to build it.

View the Tree of Life
PAFTOL

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Bor, N.L. (1968). Flora of Iraq 9: 1-588. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
  • Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
  • Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
  • Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Japan IVa: 1-430. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Kharkevich, S.S., Probatova, N.S. & Novikov, V.S. (1985). Sosudistye rasteniia sovetskogo Dal'nego Vostoka 1: 1-383. Izd-vo "Nauka," Leningradskoe otd-nie, Leningrad.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
  • Koyama, T. (1987). Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions: an identification manual: 1-570. Kodansha, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Kozhevnikov, A.E., Kozhevnikov, Z.V., Kwak, M. & Lee, B.Y. (2019). Illustrated flora of the Primorsky Territory, Russian Far East: 1-1124. National institute of biological resources.
  • Krasnoborov, I.M. & Armemov, I.A. (2012). Opredelitel' Rastenii Respublika Altai: 1-640. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo SO RAN.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Lambion, J., Delvosalle, L. & Duvigneaud, J. (2004). Nouvelle flore de la Belgique du G. D. de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines, ed. 5: 1-1167. Edition du Patrimoine du Jardin botanique national de Belgique.
  • Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
  • Meikle, R.D. (1985). Flora of Cyprus 2: 833-1970. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Ndabaneze, P. (1989). Catalogue des Graminées du Burundi. Lejeunia; Revue de Botanique, n.s., 132: 1-127.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Noltie, H.J. (2000). Flora of Bhutan 3(2): 457-883. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Nowak, A. & Nobis, M. (eds.) (2020). Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas 2: 367-766. PAN, Polish academy of sciences.
  • Orchard, A.E. (ed.) (1994). Oceanic Islands 1. Flora of Australia 49: 1-681. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Powell, A.M. & Worthington, R.D. (2018). Flowering plants of Trans-Pecos Texas and adjacent areas: 1-1444. BRIT Press.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Urgamal, M., Oyuntsetseg, B., Nyambayar, D. & Dulamsuren, C. (2014). Conspectus of the vascular plants of Mongolia: 1. Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany.
  • Walker, E.H. (1976). Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu islands: 1-1159. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
  • Wilson, A. (ed.) (2009). Flora of Australia 44A: 1-410. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • de Salas, MF, Baker, ML (2022). A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island: 1-161. Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart. https://flora.tmag.tas.gov.au/resources/census/.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Species Profiles

  • Bown, D. (2008). The Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Herbs and their Uses. Dorling Kindersley, London.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
  • Groves, R.H., Boden, R. and Lonsdale, W.M. (2005). Jumping the garden fence: Invasive garden plants in Australia and their environmental and agricultural impacts. CSIRO report prepared for WWF-Australia. WWF-Australia, Sydney. 173 pp.
  • Prance, G. & Nesbitt, M. (eds) (2005). The Cultural History of Plants. Routledge, London.

Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

  • Crop wild relative Inventory https://www.cwrdiversity.org/checklist/ in The State of the World’s Plants Report–2016. (2016). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew https://stateoftheworldsplants.org/2016/
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Castro, C. (Proveedor de metadatos), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). Versión 11.0. http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Linares, E.L., Galeano, G., García, N. & Figueroa, Y. (2008). Fibras vegetales utilizadas en artesanías en Colombia. Artesanías de Colombia S.A. , Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Broughton, D.A. & McAdam, J.H. (2002). The non-native vascular flora of the Falkland islands. Botanical Journal of Scotland 54: 153-190.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Danin, A. & Fragman- Sapir, O. (2019). Flora of Israel Online http://flora.org.il/en/plants/.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
  • Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
  • Fedtschenko, B.A. & al. (1932). Flora Turkmenii 1: 1-340. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Forzza, R.C. & al. (2013). Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hộ, P.-H. (2000). Câycỏ Việtnam. An Illustrated flora of Vietnam, ed. 2, 3: 1-1020. Pham-hoang Ho, Montréal.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kharkevich, S.S., Probatova, N.S. & Novikov, V.S. (1985). Sosudistye rasteniia sovetskogo Dal'nego Vostoka 1: 1-383. Izd-vo "Nauka," Leningradskoe otd-nie, Leningrad.
  • Koyama, T. (1987). Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions: an identification manual: 1-570. Kodansha, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Krasnoborov, I.M. & Armemov, I.A. (2012). Opredelitel' Rastenii Respublika Altai: 1-640. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo SO RAN.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Lambion, J., Delvosalle, L. & Duvigneaud, J. (2004). Nouvelle flore de la Belgique du G. D. de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines, ed. 5: 1-1167. Edition du Patrimoine du Jardin botanique national de Belgique.
  • Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
  • Marhold, K. (ed.) (2012). IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 14. Taxon 61: 1336-1345.
  • Meikle, R.D. (1985). Flora of Cyprus 2: 833-1970. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Merkodovich, N.A. (ed.) (1941). Flora Uzbekistana 1: 1-566. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Mouterde, P. (1966). Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie 1(Texte): 1-563. Éditions de l'imprimerie Catholique, Beyrouth.
  • Ndabaneze, P. (1989). Catalogue des Graminées du Burundi. Lejeunia; Revue de Botanique, n.s., 132: 1-127.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Noltie, H.J. (2000). Flora of Bhutan 3(2): 457-883. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Orchard, A.E. (ed.) (1994). Oceanic Islands 1. Flora of Australia 49: 1-681. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Ovczinnikov, P.N. (ed.) (1957). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 1: 1-547. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
  • Roshevitz, R.J. & al. (eds.) (1950). Flora Kirgizskoi SSR 2: 1-315. Frunze : Izd-vo KirgizFAN SSSR.
  • Sumadijaya, A. (2011). An account of the non-bambusoid alien grasses (Poaceae) in Java, one century after first records by Backer. Folia Malaysiana 12: 47-68.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Urgamal, M., Oyuntsetseg, B., Nyambayar, D. & Dulamsuren, C. (2014). Conspectus of the vascular plants of Mongolia: 1. Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany.
  • Walker, E.H. (1976). Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu islands: 1-1159. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
  • Wilson, A. (ed.) (2009). Flora of Australia 44A: 1-410. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Rui, C. (eds.) (2019). Flora Intramongolica, edition 3, 6: 1-619. Typis Intramongolicae popularis, Huhhot.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Dempewolf, H., Eastwood, R. J., Guarino, L., Khoury, C. K., Müller, J. V. & Toll, J. (2014). Adapting agriculture to climate change: a global initiative to collect, conserve, and use crop wild relatives. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 38, 369-377.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Jansen, P., Lemmens, R., Oyen, L., Siemonsma, J., Stavast, F. & Van Valkenburg, J. (1991) Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Basic list of species and commodity grouping. Final version. Pudoc, Wageningen.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Hubbard, C.E. [53] United Kingdom K002797614 Yes
Jennings, O.E. [s.n.] United States K003918959 Yes
Riddelsdell, H.J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797573 Yes
Green, I. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797578 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Australia K003918787 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [s.n.] France K002797603 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [4747] Philippines K003918747 Yes
Gates, R.R.; Mellanby, K. [[4S]] Canada K003918956 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [28577] United Kingdom K002797541 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797571 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [9750] United Kingdom K002797566 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [10502] United Kingdom K002797621 Yes
s.coll. [778] K002797590 Yes
Fraser, G. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797535 Yes
s.coll. [9] India K003918679 Yes
s.coll. [[12.785]] India K003918678 Yes
Pohl, R.W.; Davidse, G. [11704] Costa Rica K003918975 Yes
Florence [11108] French Polynesia K003918810 Yes
Sprague, T.A. [Ch. 16] United Kingdom K002797582 Yes
Peterson, P.M.; Saarela, J.M.; Flores Villegas, M.J. [21280] Mexico K003918974 Yes
Payne, R.M. [37] United Kingdom K002797575 Yes
Perrottet [1346] India K003918676 Yes
Mackee, H.S. [20948] New Caledonia K003918811 Yes
MacDougal, D.T. [797] United States K003918960 Yes
Dombrowski, L.T. [6728] Brazil K001077886 Yes
Scheppig, C. [s.n.] K002797598 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [3889] United Kingdom K002797545 Yes
Schepping, C. [s.n.] K002797588 Yes
Stapf, O. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797553 Yes
Roy, G.P. [2637] India K003918677 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797585 Yes
Kang Peng, T. [s.n.] China K003918648 Yes
Sheppig, C. [s.n.] K002797597 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [10659] United Kingdom K001532618 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] K003918545 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Hong Kong K003918647 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [4347] United Kingdom K002797548 Yes
Still, A.L. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797534 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K002797605 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [27947] United Kingdom K002797540 Yes
Boulos, L.; Mashaly, I.; 'abdel' aal, M. [s.n.] Egypt K003918177 No
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797533 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797617 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797537 Yes
Parker, R.N. [4246] South Africa K003918913 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002797602 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002797593 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K002797604 Yes
Horwood, A.R. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797542 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Hong Kong K003918646 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797574 Yes
Scheppig, C. [s.n.] K002797599 Yes
s.coll. [12] India K003918681 Yes
Benin [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797583 Yes
s.coll. [G6] K003918675 Yes
[To Kang ping] [6426] China K003918649 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002797606 Yes
Peterson, P.M.; Chen, H.L.; Lin, L. [25026] China K003918642 Yes
s.coll. [23] India K003918683 Yes
Crossley, J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797586 Yes
s.coll. [13] India K003918682 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797552 Yes
Monier Abd El Ghani [4783] Egypt K003918175 No
Meebold, A. [s.n.] Germany K002797587 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002797607 Yes
Summerhayes, V.S.; Milne-Redhead, E. [669] United Kingdom K002797615 Yes
Shaw, F.J.F. [11] India K003918680 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002797613 Yes
s.coll. [19] K002797592 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [10155] United Kingdom K002797532 Yes
Peterson, P.M.; Saarela, J.; Stancik, D. [21411] Mexico K003918973 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [4597] United Kingdom K002797546 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [11559] United Kingdom K002797624 Yes
Thompson, J.B. [467] Guam K003918809 Yes
Alizzi, H.; Omar, S. [35590] Iraq K003918170 No
Howell, W. [19/47] United Kingdom K002797549 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] K003918547 Yes
Saito, Y. [766] Brazil K001077888 Yes
El-Dairr, S.; Bidak, L.; Shehata, A.; Rashad, S.; Shiha, M.; Marzouk, R.; Toto, S.; Boulos, L. [s.n.] Egypt K003918176 No
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797572 Yes
Flippance, F. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797554 Yes
Ballard, F.; Summerhayes, V.S. [540] United Kingdom K002797618 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France K002797601 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Australia K003918783 Yes
Heller, A.A. [s.n.] United States K003918957 Yes
Smith, L.B. [13276] Brazil K001077890 Yes
Sennen [s.n.] K002797611 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797565 Yes
Guo, C. [20063-158] China K003918644 Yes
Scheppig, C. [s.n.] K002797596 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [G80A] United Kingdom K002797563 Yes
Dombrowski, L.T. [1924] Brazil K001077887 Yes
Kds, S.H.; Koorders-Schumacher, A. [s.n.] Indonesia K003918746 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Australia K003918784 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [28578] United Kingdom K002797539 Yes
[illegible] [7866] K002797594 Yes
GUO, C.Y. [20065-188] China K003918643 Yes
Alice [illegible] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797580 Yes
Haussknecht, C. [1886] K002797591 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002797608 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] K002797595 Yes
McCallum-Webster, M. [12913] United Kingdom K002797579 Yes
Gerard, P. [Cat. no. 3794] India K001117227 Unknown Type Material Yes
Bourgeau, E. [s.n.] Spain K002797610 Yes
Scheppig, C. [s.n.] K002797600 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 3794] India K001117228 Unknown Type Material Yes
[Janghan-Evans] [55405] Zimbabwe K003918894 Yes
[Jesse Tregale] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797576 Yes
Trist, P.J.O. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797567 Yes
Dombrowski, L.T. [2621] Brazil K001077885 Yes
Rodway, F.A. [1590] Australia K003918788 Yes
Scheppig, C. [s.n.] K002797589 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797581 Yes
s.coll. [61848] Cyprus K003918167 No
Chevalier, A.J.B.; de Perley, M. [40203] Vietnam K003918745 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Australia K003918782 Yes
Gallagher, M.D. [8525/1] Oman K003918174 No
Strauss, T. [s.n.] Iran K003918171 No
Kennedy-O'Byrne, J. [153] United Kingdom K002797623 Yes
[I. Taradaels] [57] K003918548 Yes
Ekman, E.L. [707] Cuba K003918978 Yes
Howell, W. [3144] United Kingdom K002797568 Yes
Still, A.L. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797536 Yes
s.coll. [33] United Kingdom K002797570 Yes
Hu, S.Y.; Liu, S. [016] Hong Kong K003918645 Yes
Dombrowski, L.T. [2973] Brazil K001077889 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797584 Yes
Riddelsdell, H.J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797543 Yes
Huntley, B.J. [2075] K003918808 Yes
Dony, J.G. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797569 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] K003918546 Yes
Acosta-Solis, M. [16352] Ecuador K003918990 Yes
Sennen (Fr.) [s.n.] K002797612 Yes
Ballard, F.; Summerhayes, V.S. [540] United Kingdom K002797619 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [11559] United Kingdom K002797622 Yes
Lousley, J.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797616 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [3889] United Kingdom K002797547 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Australia K003918786 Yes
Boulos, L.; Cope, T.A. [s.n.] Kuwait K003918173 No
[illegible] [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797577 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Australia K003918785 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002797609 Yes
Smith, D.J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797538 Yes
Hubbard, C.E. [G 76] United Kingdom K002797620 Yes
Fraser, G. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797551 Yes
Mameev [818] K003918549 Yes
Riddelsdell, H.J. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797564 Yes
St. John, H. [1139] Canada K003918955 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Cyprus K003918168 No
Haussknecht, C. [s.n.] Iran K003918172 No
Hubbard, C.E. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797550 Yes
Gilbert, M.G.; Getachew, A. [3063] Ethiopia K003918864 Yes
Zeller, S.M.; Zeller, E.B. [1153] United States K003918958 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [s.n.] United Kingdom K002797544 Yes
K:SPC-70000.421 No
Omar, S.; Al-Kaisi; Wedad [49410] Iraq K003918169 No
Scheppig, C. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797632 Yes
Scheppig, C. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797633 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797635 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [9647] United Kingdom Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797626 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797627 Yes
Andorfer [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797637 Yes
Sennen [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797631 Yes
Mameev, C. [52] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K003918550 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797639 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797628 Yes
Brenan, J.P.M. [3889] United Kingdom Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797625 Yes
Bonnet, E. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797630 Yes
s.coll. [[H902-23]] United Kingdom Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797560 Yes
Maly [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797634 Yes
s.coll. [[H902-23]] United Kingdom Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797561 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797636 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797640 Yes
Pin, C.; Willmott, E.A. [s.n.] France Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797629 Yes
s.coll. [22] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797641 Yes
s.coll. [[H902-23]] United Kingdom Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797562 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Avena sativa subsp. orientalis K002797638 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Kew Species Profiles

    • Kew Species Profiles
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/