Poaceae
Ctenium

Ctenium concinnum Nees

First published in Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill.: 237 (1841)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical & S. Africa, Madagascar. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Angola, Burundi, Cape Provinces, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Bosser, J. (1969). Gramiées des pasturages et des cultures a Madagascar: 1-440. ORSTOM, Paris.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Clayton, W.D., Phillips, S.M., Renvoize, S.A. (1974). Gramineae. Flora of Tropical East Africa 2: 177-449.
  • Cope, T. (1999). Flora Zambesiaca 10(2): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Lewalle, J. (1970). Liste floristique et répartition altitudinale de la flore du Burundi occidental: 1-84. Université officielle de Bujumbura.
  • Longhi-Wagner, H.M., Cope, T.A. (2014). The genus Ctenium (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Chlorideae) in Africa. Kew Bulletin 69(9541): 1-30.
  • Ndabaneze, P. (1989). Catalogue des Graminées du Burundi. Lejeunia; Revue de Botanique, n.s., 132: 1-127.

Kew Bulletin

  • Bentham, G. (1849). In: J. Hooker, Niger Flora. H. Bailliere, London.
  • Berhaut 1954: 10
  • Berhaut, R. P. (1954). Nouveautés sur les Graminées du Sénégal. Mém. Soc. Bot. France 34: 9 – 12.
  • Chevalier, A. (1934). Etude sur les Prairies de l’Ouest africain. Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 14 (150): 128.
  • Chiovenda, E. (1897). Contribuzioni alla conoscenza della flora dell’Africa orientale. XVI. Graminaceae somalenses a Dr. D. Riva in expeditione ruspoliana lectae. Ann. Ist. Bot. Roma 7: 58 – 78.
  • Chiovenda, E. (1919). Plantae e Catanga a Cl. Dr. H. Bovone lectae. N. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 26: 58 – 85.
  • Clayton, W. D. (1960). Studies in the Gramineae: I. Kew Bull. 14: 239 – 240.
  • Clayton, W. D. (1963). The African species of Ctenium. Studies in the Gramineae IV. Kew Bull. 16: 471 – 475.
  • Clayton, W. D. (1972). Gramineae. In: F. N. Hepper (ed), Flora of West Tropical Africa 3 (2): 349 – 512. Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations, London.
  • Clayton, W. D., Govaerts, R. Harman, K. T., Williamson, H. & Vorontsova, M. (2014). World Checklist of Poaceae. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ accessed 12 Feb 2014.
  • Clayton, W. D., Phillips, S. M. & Renvoize, S. A. (1974). Gramineae. In: R. M. Polhill (ed), Flora of Tropical East Africa 2: 177 – 449. Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations, London.
  • Cope, T. A. (1999). Cynodonteae. In: G. V. Pope & E. S. Martins (eds), Flora Zambesiaca 10 (2): 204. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • GPWG (Grass Phylogeny Working Group) (2012). New Grass phylogeny resolves deep evolutionary relationships and discovers C4 origins. New Phytol. 193: 304 – 312.
  • Hackel, E. (1887). Contribuições para o estudo da Flora da Costa occidental d’Africa, Gramineae. Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 228 – 230.
  • Kunth, K. S. (1830). Révision des Graminées 2, t. 59: 295 Librarie-Gide, Paris.
  • Kuntze, C. E. O. (1891). Revisio Generum Plantarum 2: 375 – 1011. Arthur Felix, Leipzig.
  • Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Premier supplement au “Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Tchad Méridional”. Adansonia ser. 2, 15 (3): 381 – 390.
  • Longhi-Wagner, H. M. & Cope, T. A. (2003). Ctenium longiglume (Poaceae), a new species from Africa. Kew Bull. 58: 229 – 231.
  • Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D. (1841). Florae Africae australioris illustrationes monographicae 1. Sumtibus Prausnitzianis, Glogaviae.
  • Panzer, G. W. F. (1813, publ. 1814). Ideen zu einer künftigen Revision der Gattungen der Gräser, 1 – 62. Denkschr. K. Bayer. Akad. Wissensch. 4: 253 – 312.
  • Pilger, R. K. F. (1924). Die afrikanishen Ctenium-Arten des Berliner Herbars. Notizbl. Bot. Garten Berlin 9: 114 – 120.
  • Röpert, D. (ed.) (2000+ [continuously updated]). Digital specimen images at the Herbarium Berolinense”. http://ww2.bgbm.org/herbarium/accessed 13 Feb 2014.
  • Schumacher, C. T. (1827). Berkrivelse af Guineiske planter: som ere fundne af Danske botanikere, isaer af etatsraad Thonning. F. Popp, Kjöbenhavn.
  • Smith, J. G. (1896). A synopsis of the American species of Ctenium. Bot. Gaz. 21(6): 361 – 365.
  • Soreng, R. J., Davidse, G., Peterson, P. M., Zuloaga, F. O., Judziewicz, E. J., Filgueiras, T. S., Morrone, O. & Romaschenko, K. (2013). A world-wide phylogenetic classification of Poaceae (Gramineae). Catalogue of new World Grasses. . Accessed 5 September 2013.
  • Steudel, E. G. (1854). Synopsis Plantarum Glumacearum 1. J. B. Metzler, Stuttgart.
  • Thiers, B. [continuously updated]. Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/. Accessed 4 July 2013.
  • Trinius, C. B. (1829). Species Graminum. v. 3. Imp. Academic Imperialis Scientiarum, St. Petersburg.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Bosser, J. (1969). Gramiées des pasturages et des cultures a Madagascar: 1-440. ORSTOM, Paris.
  • Clayton, W.D., Phillips, S.M., Renvoize, S.A. (1974). Gramineae. Flora of Tropical East Africa 2: 177-449.
  • Cope, T. (1999). Flora Zambesiaca 10(2): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Lewalle, J. (1970). Liste floristique et répartition altitudinale de la flore du Burundi occidental: 1-84. Université officielle de Bujumbura.
  • Longhi-Wagner, H.M., Cope, T.A. (2014). The genus Ctenium (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Chlorideae) in Africa. Kew Bulletin 69(9541): 1-30.
  • Troupin, G. (ed.) (1988). Flora du Rwanda 4: I-X, 1-651. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • A.V. Bogdan, A Revised List of Kenya Grasses p. 24 (1958), pro parte.
  • Nees, Fl. Afr. Austr.: 237 (1841).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Aug 23, 2001 Loveridge, J.P. [1666] Mozambique K000309542 Yes
Armitage, F.B. [78/55] Zimbabwe K003422332 Yes
Newton, F. [20] K003422369 Yes
Brummitt, R.K. [18509] Malawi K003422321 Yes
Brooks, R.R.; Baker, A.; Schat, H.; Malaisse, F. [228] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003422247 Yes
Schlieben, H.J. [6028] K003422304 Yes
Merrett, L.; Ginwalla, R. [2778] Zambia K001636734 Yes
Rabarijaona, R.N. [52] Madagascar K001890553 No
Ward, C.J. [5476] K003422374 Yes
Corby, H.D.L. [782] Zimbabwe K003422326 Yes
s.coll. [179] K003422379 Yes
Schweicherdt, H.G. [1740] K003422358 Yes
Finlay [F14] Zimbabwe K003422325 Yes
Hyde, M.A. [229] Zimbabwe K003422324 Yes
Brain, C.K. [2007] Zimbabwe K003422331 Yes
s.coll. [13000] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003422242 Yes
H.B.J. [s.n.] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003422244 Yes
Godfrey, R.; Acocks, J. [H-1608] K003422367 Yes
Goldsmith, B. [6/72] Zimbabwe K003422327 Yes
Robinson, E.A. [4446] Malawi K003422320 Yes
Elan-Puttick, D. [279] K003422359 Yes
Mohle, G.L. [206] K003422354 Yes
Gossweiler [6119] Angola K003422334 Yes
Strey, R.G. [8561] K003422377 Yes
Davy, J.B. [1340] K003422368 Yes
Du Toit, P.C.V. [2374] K003422372 Yes
Whellan, J.A. [1239] Zimbabwe K003422323 Yes
Chandler, P. [748] K003422301 Yes
Fisher; Schweickerdt [86] K003422376 Yes
Jackson, J.K. [3328] K003422268 Yes
Wild, H. [2900] Mozambique K003422319 Yes
Du Toit, P.C.V. [1068] K003422365 Yes
I.B.P. [1048] K003422356 Yes
Moomaw, J.C. [1156] K003422302 Yes
Schweickerdt, H.G. [1733] K003422357 Yes
McClean, A.P.D. [300] K003422371 Yes
Chase, N.C. [6904] Zimbabwe K003422330 No
Pirozynski, K.A. [P403] K003422305 Yes
Bogdan, A. [AB3335] K003422303 Yes
Townsend, S. [s.n.] K003422382 Yes
Schlieben, H.J. [9491] K003422381 Yes
Ward, C.J. [6540] K003422361 Yes
Germain [6168] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003422243 Yes
Drege [s.n.] 27CPPOO K000257082 Type Yes
Simon, B.K. [840] Zimbabwe K003422328 Yes
H.B.J. [s.n.] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003422245 Yes
Simon, B.K. [1844] Zimbabwe K003422322 Yes
Davy, J.B. [18925] K003422366 Yes
Chase, N.C. [6904] Zimbabwe K003422329 Yes
Thorncroft, G. [25421] K003422362 Yes
Story, R. [4184] K003422380 Yes
Smook, L. [5004] K003422353 Yes
Smook, L. [1166] K003422375 Yes
Gerstner, J. [4467] K003422373 Yes
Smook, L. [4827] K003422352 Yes
Devenish, N.J. [1092] K003422360 Yes
Pole Evans, I.B. [3695] K003422364 Yes
Drege [s.n.] 27CPPOO K000257081 Type Yes
Bidgood, S.; Darbyshire, I.; Hoenselaar, K.; Leliyo, G.; Sanchez-Ken, G.; Vollesen, K. [5246] Tanzania K000190474 Yes
Cleghorn, W.B. [577] Zimbabwe K003422333 Yes
Fisher; Schweickerdt [2] K003422378 Yes
Maserumule, M.K. [4] K003422355 Yes
Davy, J.B. [[7481]] K003422363 Yes
Smets, J.C. [1334] K003422370 Yes
Noirfalise, A. [785] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K003422246 Yes
Christiaensen, A.R. [735] Rwanda Ctenium minus K003422238 Yes
Chandler, P. [1340] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422282 Yes
Decary, M. [7592] Ctenium minus K003422341 Yes
Hildebrandt, J.M. [4000] Madagascar Ctenium minus K000244750 Type Yes
Decary, M. [6169] Ctenium minus K003422344 Yes
Thorold, C.A. [1537] Ctenium minus K003422294 Yes
Langdale-Brown [2068] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422274 Yes
Kitching, L. [s.n.] Ctenium minus K003422351 Yes
Croat, T.B. [29371] Ctenium minus K003422342 Yes
Dummer, R. [2602] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422278 Yes
Robinson, E.A. [3649] Ctenium minus K003422316 Yes
Snowden, J.D. [1277] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422275 Yes
Jarrett, T. [269] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422286 Yes
Kitching, L. [s.n.] Ctenium minus K003422347 Yes
Arnstein Lye, K. [Ly-2686] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422290 No
Germain, R. [6524] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422234 Yes
Liebenberg, L.C.C. [450] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422288 Yes
Gillman, H. [131] Ctenium minus K003422296 Yes
Snowden, J.D. [1329] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422281 Yes
Shantz, H.L. [723] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422231 Yes
Bojer [s.n.] Ctenium minus K003422350 Yes
Drummond, R.B.; Williamson, G. [9886] Ctenium minus K003422315 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Ctenium minus K003422349 Yes
Troupin, G. [5918] Rwanda Ctenium minus K003422233 Yes
Lewalle, J. [2823] Burundi Ctenium minus K003422230 Yes
Magogo, F.; Glover, P. [279] Ctenium minus K003422293 Yes
s.coll. [28] Ctenium minus K003422348 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [Th61] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422277 No
Santini, S. [0920] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422272 Yes
Haarer, A.E. [2377] Ctenium minus K003422295 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Thomas, A.S. [7170] Ctenium minus K003422292 Yes
Meller [s.n.] Ctenium minus K003422346 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [366] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422287 Yes
Quarre, P. [2870] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422239 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [Th3848] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422285 Yes
Bond, J.S. [187] Ctenium minus K003422297 Yes
Thornton, D.D. [23] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422279 Yes
Bosser, J. [705] Ctenium minus K003422340 Yes
Shantz, H.L. [723] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422232 Yes
Johnston, H.B. [1225] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422237 Yes
Scaetta [1708] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422236 Yes
s.coll. [10082] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422229 Yes
Greiss [39] Ctenium minus K003422339 Yes
Reekmans, M. [8764] Burundi Ctenium minus K003422235 Yes
Snowden, J.D. [1330] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422280 Yes
Chancellor, R.J. [304] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422273 Yes
Liben, L. [2660] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422240 Yes
Tanner, R. [4592] Ctenium minus K003422298 Yes
Verdcourt [3308] Ctenium minus K003422299 Yes
Bogdan, A. [AB3905] Ctenium minus K003422291 Yes
Fyffe, R. [29] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422284 No
Kabuye, C.H.S.; Mayanja, T. [300] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422276 Yes
Kalema, J. [JK3263] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422283 Yes
Johnston, A.B. [1339] Uganda Ctenium minus K003422289 No
Johnston, H.B. [s.n.] Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ctenium minus K003422241 Yes
Riva [525 (1262)] Somalia Ctenium somalense K000257096 Syntype Yes
Brain, C.K. [10681] Ctenium somalense K003422317 Yes
Crook, A.O. [696] Ctenium somalense K003422318 Yes
Drake-Brockman, R.E. [s.n.] Ctenium somalense K003422267 Yes
Riva [180 (1486)] Ethiopia Ctenium somalense K000257097 Type Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Bulletin

    • Kew Bulletin
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0