Poaceae
Dichanthium

Dichanthium caricosum (L.) A.Camus

First published in Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 27: 549 (1921)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Indian Subcontinent to China (Guizhou, Yunnan) and W. Malesia. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome. It is used as animal food and a medicine and has environmental uses.

Distribution

Native to:

Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China South-Central, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam

Introduced into:

Colombia, Cook Is., Cuba, Fiji, Hawaii, Honduras, Japan, Marianas, Marshall Is., Mauritius, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Niue, Queensland, Saudi Arabia, Solomon Is., Tanzania, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Windward Is.

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Renvoize, S.A. (1982). Gramineae. Flora of Tropical East Africa 3: 451-898.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Datta, B.K., Saha, R. Roy, M. & Majumder, K. (2008). Grasses of West Tripura district, Tripura, India. Pleione 2: 98-105.
  • Faccenda, K. (2023). Updates to the Hawaiian grass flora and selected keys to species: Part 2. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 155: 83-156.
  • Gilliland, H.B. (1971). A revised flora of Malaya 3: 1-319. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Singapore.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
  • Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
  • Henty, E.E. (1969). A manual of the grasses of New Guinea: 1-215. Division of Botany, Dpt. of Forests, LAE, New Guinea.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Middleton, D.J. & al. (eds.) (2019). Flora of Singapore 7: 1-525. Singapore Botanic Gardens.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.
  • Turner, I.M. (1995 publ. 1997). A catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Malaya. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 47(2): 347-655.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae. Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Camus, E.G. & Camus, A. in H. Lecomte (1922). Flore Générale de l'indo-Chine 1(3): 193-336.
  • Chou, S., Chhnang, P. & Kim, Y. (2016). A Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia: 1-272. National Institute of Biological Resources, Korea.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Renvoize, S.A. (1982). Gramineae. Flora of Tropical East Africa 3: 451-898.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Datta, B.K., Saha, R. Roy, M. & Majumder, K. (2008). Grasses of West Tripura district, Tripura, India. Pleione 2: 98-105.
  • Faccenda, K. (2023). Updates to the Hawaiian grass flora and selected keys to species: Part 2. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 155: 83-156.
  • Gilliland, H.B. (1971). A revised flora of Malaya 3: 1-319. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Singapore.
  • Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
  • Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
  • Henty, E.E. (1969). A manual of the grasses of New Guinea: 1-215. Division of Botany, Dpt. of Forests, LAE, New Guinea.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae. Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • A. Camus in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 27:549 (1921).
  • D.M. Napper, Grasses of Tanganyika: 100 (1965).
  • de Wet & Harlan in Bol. Soc. Arg. Bot. 12:215 (1968).

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • Jansen, P., Lemmens, R., Oyen, L., Siemonsma, J., Stavast, F. & Van Valkenburg, J. (1991) Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Basic list of species and commodity grouping. Final version. Pudoc, Wageningen.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 1921 Foulkes, T. [s.n.] India K000245834 Type Yes
Jan 1, 1921 Foulkes, T. [s.n.] India K000245648 Type Yes
Laegaard, S.; Norsangsri, M. [21872] Thailand K000688674 Yes
Balansa, B. [1755] Vietnam K003163035 Yes
Thwaites, G.H.K. [3556] Sri Lanka K000245652 Type Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [11096] Thailand K000620518 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [11096] Thailand K000620519 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [1280] India K003162723 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [2614] Thailand K000620508 Yes
s.coll. [10056] India K003162739 No
Nath, Y. [15210] Fiji K003163650 Yes
Clayton, D. [5972] Sri Lanka K003162747 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [10052] Thailand K000620516 Yes
Lindhard, E. [s.n.] Thailand K000688669 Yes
[Bourne] [3267] India K003162737 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [7952] Thailand K000620511 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [s.n.] Thailand K000620504 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [s.n.] Thailand K000620503 Yes
Celarier, R. [A-1528] India K003162722 No
Koorders-Schumacher, A.; Kds, S.H. [43924] Indonesia K003163051 Yes
s.coll. [8866] India K003162728 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [9361] Thailand K000620506 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [9361] Thailand K000620505 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [9361] Thailand K000620507 Yes
Put [2146] Thailand K000620500 Yes
Put [2146] Thailand K000620499 Yes
[V. Karajavamanui] [5133] India K003162741 No
Mooney, H.F. [2212] India K003162720 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [7988] Thailand K000620514 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [7988] Thailand K000620515 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [3286] India K003162719 No
s.coll. [88092] India K003162731 No
Harlan, J.R. [s.n.] India K003162729 No
[Bowler] [3126] India K003162736 No
s.coll. [s.n. ] Burma K003162746 No
Nath, Y. [15205] Fiji K003163652 Yes
Beguim, V.M.R. [188] Indonesia K003163049 Yes
s.coll. [75.i.] India K003162734 No
[V. Slooten] [2437] Indonesia K003163050 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [9744] Thailand K000620520 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [9744] Thailand K000620521 Yes
Bourne, A.G.; Bourne, E.T. [s.n.] India K003162732 No
Koroiveiban, D. [9169] Fiji K003163649 Yes
Oche, M.O. [MRK151] Nigeria K003163648 Yes
Lindsay, H.E. [594B] Fiji K003163655 Yes
Jacquemont, V. [100] India K003162730 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [6712] Thailand K000620509 Yes
Greenwood, W. [WJ594A] Fiji K003163654 Yes
Bourne [2453] India K003162738 No
Wight, R. [1687] K001050468 Unknown Type Material Yes
Wight, R. [1687] K001050467 Unknown Type Material Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [3894] Thailand K000620512 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [3894] Thailand K000620513 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K003162733 No
Greenwood, W. [WG594] Fiji K003163657 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [7947] Thailand K000620510 Yes
Kurz, S. [2733] Burma K003162745 No
s.coll. [6407] India K003162740 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [10092] Thailand K000620517 Yes
Smith, F. [CPI106120] Australia K003163279 Yes
Mokim [1481] India K003162727 No
Beddome, R.H. [s.n.] India K003162742 No
Greenwood, W. [594C] Fiji K003163656 Yes
Nath, Y. [15206] Fiji K003163651 Yes
Bourne [s.n.] India K003162735 No
Matthew, K.M.; Britto, S.J. [29607] India K003162721 No
Harlan, J.R. [s.n.] India K003162725 No
Davidse, G. [7513] Sri Lanka K003162748 No
Clarke, C.B. [34467 A] India K003162724 No
[CharR Turbet] [11] Fiji K003163653 Yes
Sorensen, Th.; Larsen, K.; Hansen, B. [2159] Thailand K000688673 Yes
Thein Lwin, U. [s.n.] Burma K000245649 Holotype Yes
Holttum, R.E. [s.n.] Thailand K003163034 Yes
Put [2536] Thailand K000620502 Yes
Put [2536] Thailand K000620501 Yes
Kurz, S. [s.n.] K003162749 No
Fischer, C.E.C. [1400] India K003162743 No
{H. Santapau S. J.} [16691] India K003162726 No

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0