Family:
Poaceae Barnhart
Genus:
Hordeum L.

Hordeum jubatum L.

This species is accepted, and its native range is Siberia to Caucasus and NE. China, N. America.

[GB]
Morphology General Habit
Perennial; short-lived; caespitose. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 30-75 cm long. Culm-nodes brown. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 0.2-0.5 mm long; truncate. Leaf-blades 6-15 cm long; 2-4 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface scabrous; glabrous, or pubescent.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 1; single; linear; bilateral; 4-10 cm long; 4-6 mm wide. Rhachis fragile at the nodes; flattened. Spikelet packing broadside to rhachis. Rhachis internodes oblong; falling with spikelet above. Spikelets in threes. Fertile spikelets sessile; 1 in the cluster. Companion sterile spikelets pedicelled; 2 in the cluster. Pedicels oblong.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Companion sterile spikelets well-developed; comprising 2 subequal glumes without lemmas, or containing empty lemmas; linear; as long as fertile; deciduous with the fertile. Companion sterile spikelet glumes subulate; 35-80 mm long. Companion sterile spikelet lemmas 0-1; 0.5 mm long; 1-awned; with 35-80 mm long awn. Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; with a barren rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 4-7 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures.
Sterile
Companion sterile spikelets well-developed; comprising 2 subequal glumes without lemmas, or containing empty lemmas; linear; as long as fertile; deciduous with the fertile. Companion sterile spikelet glumes subulate; 35-80 mm long. Companion sterile spikelet lemmas 0-1; 0.5 mm long; 1-awned; with 35-80 mm long awn.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; with a barren rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 4-7 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes collateral; similar; shorter than spikelet; gaping. Lower glume subulate; 35-80 mm long; 1 length of upper glume. Lower glume surface scabrous. Upper glume subulate; 35-80 mm long. Upper glume surface scabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Fertile lemma lanceolate; 4-7 mm long; coriaceous; without keel; 5 -veined. Lemma apex acuminate; awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn 35-80 mm long overall.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Anthers 3. Ovary pubescent on apex.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; hairy at apex. Hilum linear.
Distribution
Europe: northern, central, and eastern. Asia-temperate: Siberia, Soviet far east, Soviet Middle Asia, Caucasus, and China. Australasia: New Zealand. North America: Subarctic, eastern Canada, northwest USA, north-central USA, northeast USA, southwest USA, south-central USA, southeast USA, and Mexico. South America: southern South America. Antarctic: Subantarctic islands.
Reference
Triticeae. Gr Texas 1994.

Native to:

Alaska, Alberta, Altay, Amur, Arizona, Arkansas, British Columbia, Buryatiya, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Irkutsk, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kentucky, Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk, Kuril Is., Magadan, Maine, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Newfoundland, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, Northwest Territorie, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Québec, Rhode I., Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tadzhikistan, Tennessee, Texas, Transcaucasus, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Siberia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yakutskiya, Yukon

Introduced into:

Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Austria, Belgium, Central European Rus, Chile South, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East European Russia, Falkland Is., Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Korea, Labrador, Lesotho, Netherlands, New Zealand South, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, South European Russi, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia

English
Foxtail Barley

Hordeum jubatum L. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Cope, T.A. [RBG 499], United Kingdom K000914552 Yes

First published in Sp. Pl.: 85 (1753)

Accepted by

  • Berry, M. (2018). Adventives and aliens news 14 BSBI News 138: 46-51.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Engelmaier, P. & Wilhalm, T. (2018). Alien grasses (Poaceae) in the flora of the Eastern Alps Neilreichia 9: 177-245.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Gillespie, L.J. & al. (2015). New vascular plant records for the Canadian Arctic Archipelago PhytoKeys 52: 23-79.
  • Kharkevich, S.S., Probatova, N.S. & Novikov, V.S. (1985). Sosudistye rasteniia sovetskogo Dal’nego Vostoka 1: 1-383. Izd-vo "Nauka," Leningradskoe otd-nie, Leningrad.
  • Krasnoborov, I.M. & Armemov, I.A. (2012). Opredelitel' Rasteni? Respublika Alta?: 1-640. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo SO RAN.
  • Malyschev, L.I. & Peschkova, G.A. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Siberia 2: 1-362. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
  • Powell, A.M. & Worthington, R.D. (2018). Flowering plants of Trans-Pecos Texas and ajacent areas: 1-1444. BRIT Press.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Literature

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2018). https://nhmbeo.rs/wp-content/pdfovi/Bulletin-2018-04.pdf epublication.
  • Berry, M. (2018). Adventives and aliens news 14 BSBI News 138: 46-51.
  • Broughton, D.A. & McAdam, J.H. (2002). The non-native vascular flora of the Falkland islands Botanical Journal of Scotland 54: 153-190.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
  • Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
  • Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
  • Engelmaier, P. & Wilhalm, T. (2018). Alien grasses (Poaceae) in the flora of the Eastern Alps Neilreichia 9: 177-245.
  • Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Kharkevich, S.S., Probatova, N.S. & Novikov, V.S. (1985). Sosudistye rasteniia sovetskogo Dal’nego Vostoka 1: 1-383. Izd-vo "Nauka," Leningradskoe otd-nie, Leningrad.
  • Krasnoborov, I.M. & Armemov, I.A. (2012). Opredelitel' Rasteni? Respublika Alta?: 1-640. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo SO RAN.
  • Malyschev, L.I. & Peschkova, G.A. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Siberia 2: 1-362. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
  • Meades, S.J. & Brouillet, L. (2019). Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Newfoundland and Labrador https://www.newfoundland-labradorflora.com/checklist/.
  • Merkodovich, N.A. (ed.) (1941). Flora Uzbekistana 1: 1-566. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Ovczinnikov, P.N. (ed.) (1957). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 1: 1-547. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

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  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

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  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

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