Poaceae
Hyparrhenia

Hyparrhenia praetermissa Veldkamp

First published in Blumea 19: 63 (1971)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is SW. Sulawesi. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.

Descriptions

Morphology General Habit
Perennial; caespitose. Rhizomes short; not obviously scaly. Butt sheaths pubescent. Culms erect; 100-160 cm long. Culm-internodes smooth; distally glabrous. Leaves cauline. Leaf-sheaths glabrous on surface, or puberulous. Leaf-sheath oral hairs ciliate. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 2-3 mm long; truncate, or obtuse. Leaf-blades 20-45 cm long; 2-5 mm wide. Leaf-blade midrib conspicuous. Leaf-blade surface smooth; glabrous. Leaf-blade apex acuminate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Synflorescence compound; linear; 20-40 cm long. Inflorescence composed of racemes; terminal and axillary; subtended by a spatheole; enclosed. Spatheole linear; 3.25-4.75 cm long; membranous; red; pilose. Peduncle 0.6-1.5 cm long; pilose above. Racemes 2; paired; spreading; 2 cm long; bearing few fertile spikelets; bearing 1-2 fertile spikelets on each. Rhachis fragile at the nodes; ciliate on margins. Rhachis hairs white. Rhachis internodes linear. Rhachis internode tip oblique; flat. Raceme-bases filiform; unequal (the longer measured); 2-4 mm long; pilose. Spikelets appressed; in pairs. Fertile spikelets sessile; 1 in the cluster. Companion sterile spikelets pedicelled; 1 in the cluster. Pedicels linear; flattened; ciliate; tip oblique; without appendage, or toothed.
Sterile
Basal sterile spikelets well-developed; on lower raceme 2 in number; 0-2 in upper raceme; male; lanceolate; 7.5-8 mm long; equalling fertile. Basal sterile spikelet glumes pilose; smooth on margins; lower glume mucronate, or awned (0.5-1.25mm). Companion sterile spikelets well-developed; containing empty lemmas, or male; lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 7-9 mm long; as long as fertile; separately deciduous. Companion sterile spikelet glumes chartaceous; pilose; acute; awned; one glume awned; with 2-3.5 mm long awn. Companion sterile spikelet lemmas 2; enclosed by glumes.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 7.5-8 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures. Spikelet callus linear; 1.25-1.5 mm long; pilose; base pungent; attached obliquely. Basal sterile spikelets well-developed; on lower raceme 2 in number; 0-2 in upper raceme; male; lanceolate; 7.5-8 mm long; equalling fertile. Basal sterile spikelet glumes pilose; smooth on margins; lower glume mucronate, or awned (0.5-1.25mm). Companion sterile spikelets well-developed; containing empty lemmas, or male; lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 7-9 mm long; as long as fertile; separately deciduous. Companion sterile spikelet glumes chartaceous; pilose; acute; awned; one glume awned; with 2-3.5 mm long awn. Companion sterile spikelet lemmas 2; enclosed by glumes.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 7.5-8 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures. Spikelet callus linear; 1.25-1.5 mm long; pilose; base pungent; attached obliquely.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes dissimilar; exceeding apex of florets; firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume lanceolate; 1 length of spikelet; coriaceous; without keels; keel-less except near apex. Lower glume surface flat, or concave; pilose. Lower glume hairs white. Upper glume linear; coriaceous; without keels.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Basal sterile florets barren; without significant palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret lanceolate; 1 length of fertile lemma; hyaline; 2 -veined. Fertile lemma linear; membranous; without keel; 1 -veined. Lemma apex dentate; 2 -fid; awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn from a sinus; geniculate; 35-45 mm long overall; with twisted column. Column of lemma awn hirtellous; with 0.33-0.5 mm long hairs. Palea absent or minute.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Anthers 3; 1.75-2.5 mm long. Stigmas 2.
Distribution
Asia-tropical: Malesia.
Reference
Andropogoneae. Veldkamp 1997.
[GB]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0