Lolium perenne L.
Distribution
Doubtfully present in:
New Guinea, Sinai
Native to:
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Austria, Azores, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Central European Rus, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Egypt, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Mauritania, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Selvagens, Sicilia, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Yugoslavia
Extinct in:
Jawa
Introduced into:
Alabama, Alaska, Alberta, Amsterdam-St.Paul Is, Amur, Antipodean Is., Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Bahamas, Baleares, Bolivia, Brazil South, British Columbia, California, Cape Provinces, Chagos Archipelago, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Costa Rica, Crozet Is., Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, Easter Is., Ecuador, Eritrea, Falkland Is., Finland, Florida, Free State, Føroyar, Galápagos, Georgia, Greenland, Guatemala, Gulf States, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Japan, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kansas, Kentucky, Kerguelen, Kermadec Is., Khabarovsk, Korea, KwaZulu-Natal, Labrador, Lesotho, Louisiana, Maine, Malaya, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest Territorie, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Panamá, Pennsylvania, Peru, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Réunion, Sakhalin, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Tristan da Cunha, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yemen, Yukon, Zimbabwe
Synonyms
Homotypic Synonyms
- Festuca perennis (L.) Columbus & J.P.Sm. in Aliso 28: 66 (2010)
- Lolium felix Rouville in Monogr. Lolium: 25 (1853), nom. superfl.
- Lolium perenne var. vulgare Schrad. in Fl. Germ.: 397 (1806), not validly publ.
- Lolium vulgare Host in Icon. Descr. Gram. Austriac. 1: t. 25 (1801), nom. superfl.
Heterotypic Synonyms
- Hordeum compressum Boiss. & Orph. in P.E.Boissier, Fl. Orient. 5: 681 (1884), pro syn.
- Lolium aechicum Rouville in Monogr. Lolium: 35 (1853), orth. var.
- Lolium agreste Roem. & Schult. in Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 2: 748 (1817), pro syn.
- Lolium annuum Bernh. in Index Seminum (NKME, Erfordia) 1801: ? (1801), nom. illeg.
- Lolium brasilianum Nees in C.F.P.von Martius, Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 443 (1829)
- Lolium canadense Bernh. ex Rouville in Monogr. Lolium: 27 (1853), pro syn.
- Lolium cechicum Opiz in B.V.von Berchtold & P.M.Opiz, Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. 1: 379 (1836)
- Lolium compressum Boiss. & Orph. ex Nyman in Consp. Fl. Eur.: 845 (1859), pro syn.
- Lolium cristatum Pers. ex B.D.Jacks. in Index Kew. 2: 108 (1894), pro syn.
- Lolium glumosum Planellas in Fl. Gallega: 409 (1852)
- Lolium gmelinii Honck. in Verz. Gew. Teutschl.: 328 (1782)
- Lolium halleri C.C.Gmel. in Fl. Bad. 1: 271 (1805)
- Lolium jechelianum Opiz in Lotos 2: 229 (1852)
- Lolium latum Roth ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot. 1: 492 (1821), pro syn.
- Lolium marschallii Steven in Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30(II): 103 (1857)
- Lolium montevidense Rouville in Monogr. Lolium: 33 (1853), pro syn.
- Lolium perenne var. angustifolium Parn. in Grass. Scotland 1(1): 142 (1842)
- Lolium perenne var. aristatum Coss. & Germ. in Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris, éd. 2: 656 (1861), nom. illeg.
- Lolium perenne var. aristulatum Schur in Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 812 (1866)
- Lolium perenne var. auriculatum Hack. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 27: 124 (1877)
- Lolium perenne var. brasilianum (Nees) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 355 (1898)
- Lolium perenne var. commune Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 357 (1866)
- Lolium perenne f. compositum (Schrad.) Neuman in Sver. Fl.: 730 (1901)
- Lolium perenne subsp. compositum (Schrad.) Arcang. in Comp. Fl. Ital.: 799 (1882)
- Lolium perenne var. compositum Schrad. in Fl. Germ.: 397 (1806)
- Lolium perenne var. compressum Sibth. in Fl. Oxon.: 50 (1794)
- Lolium perenne var. condensatum Schur in Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 812 (1866)
- Lolium perenne var. confertum Spenn. in Fl. Friburg. 1: 157 (1825)
- Lolium perenne subsp. cristatum (Pers.) K.Richt. in Pl. Eur. 1: 120 (1890)
- Lolium perenne var. cristatum Pers. in Syn. Pl. 1: 110 (1805)
- Lolium perenne var. furcatum Godr. in J.C.M.Grenier & G.Gordon, Fl. France Corse 3(2): 612 (1856)
- Lolium perenne var. geniculatum Hallier in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin), App. 1: 8 (1863)
- Lolium perenne var. humile Gaudin in Fl. Helv. 1: 352 (1828)
- Lolium perenne var. longiglume Grantzow in Fl. Uckermarck: 351 (1860)
- Lolium perenne f. microstachyum R.Uechtr. in Jahresber. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult. 57: 334 (1879 publ. 1880)
- Lolium perenne var. monstrosum G.Sinclair in Hort. Gram. Woburn., ed. 2: 211 (1825)
- Lolium perenne var. orgiale Döll in Fl. Baden: 116 (1855)
- Lolium perenne var. pacyanum Plues in Brit. Grass.: 215 (1867)
- Lolium perenne var. pacyi Sturtev. in Rep. (Annual) New York Agric. Exp. Sta., Geneva 1882: 77 (1993), nom. nud.
- Lolium perenne var. paleaceum Döll in Fl. Baden: 116 (1855)
- Lolium perenne var. paniculatum Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 93 (1821 publ. 1822)
- Lolium perenne var. pauciflorum Asch. & Graebn. in Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 2(1): 754 (1902)
- Lolium perenne f. polyanthum (Beck) Neuman in Sver. Fl.: 730 (1901)
- Lolium perenne var. polyanthum Beck in Fl. Nieder-Österreich: 112 (1890)
- Lolium perenne var. purpurascens Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 93 (1821 publ. 1822)
- Lolium perenne subsp. ramosum Arcang. in Comp. Fl. Ital.: 799 (1882)
- Lolium perenne var. ramosum G.Sinclair in Hort. Gram. Woburn., ed. 2: 211 (1825), nom. illeg.
- Lolium perenne var. ramosum Schumach. in Enum. Pl. Saell. 1: 36 (1801)
- Lolium perenne var. ramosum Sm. in Fl. Brit. 1: 143 (1800)
- Lolium perenne var. russellianum Sinclair in Hort. Gram. Woburn., ed. 2: ? (1824)
- Lolium perenne var. scabriculme Maire in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 33: 98 (1942)
- Lolium perenne var. secundum Tinant in Fl. Luxemb.: 41 (1836)
- Lolium perenne var. sphaerostachuym Mast. in J. Bot. 1: 8 (1863)
- Lolium perenne var. spicatum Schumach. in Enum. Pl. Saelle 1: 36 (1801)
- Lolium perenne var. spurium Kirschl. in Fl. Alsace 2: 361 (1857)
- Lolium perenne var. stickneiensis G.Sinclair in Hort. Gram. Woburn., ed. 2: 211 (1825)
- Lolium perenne var. stoloniferum C.Lawson in Agric. Man.: 104 (1836)
- Lolium perenne subsp. stoloniferum (C.Lawson) Wipff in J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4: 683 (2010)
- Lolium perenne subsp. tenue Dumort. in Observ. Gramin. Belg.: 98 (1824), nom. illeg.
- Lolium perenne f. tenue (L.) Neuman in Sver. Fl.: 730 (1901)
- Lolium perenne var. tenue (L.) Huds. in Fl. Angl., ed. 2: 55 (1778)
- Lolium perenne subsp. tenue (L.) K.Richt. in Pl. Eur. 1: 120 (1890)
- Lolium perenne subsp. trabutii (Hochr.) Dobignard in J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 46-47: 113 (2009)
- Lolium perenne var. viviparum Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 93 (1821), nom. illeg.
- Lolium perenne var. viviparum Schrad. in Fl. Germ.: 398 (1806)
- Lolium perenne var. whitworthiense G.Sinclair in Hort. Gram. Woburn., ed. 2: 211 (1825)
- Lolium pseudoitalicum Schur in Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 812 (1866), pro syn.
- Lolium repens Honck. in Verz. Gew. Teutschl.: 328 (1782)
- Lolium rigidum var. compressum (Boiss.) Boiss. in Fl. Orient. 5: 680 (1884)
- Lolium rosetlanum Fig. & Delile ex Rouville in Monogr. Lolium: 31 (1853), pro syn.
- Lolium strictum var. compressum Boiss. in Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 4: 144 (1859)
- Lolium tenue L. in Sp. Pl. ed. 2.: 122 (1762)
- Lolium trabutii Hochr. in Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 7-8: 123 (1904)
Publications
POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Ackerfield, J. (2015). Flora of Colorado: 1-818. BRIT Press.
- Bor, N.L. (1968). Flora of Iraq 9: 1-588. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
- Bor, N.L. (1970). Flora Iranica 70: 1-573. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
- Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
- Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
- Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
- Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Cope, T.A. (1982). Flora of Pakistan 143: 1-678. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
- Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
- Danin, A. (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina area: 1-517. The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem.
- Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
- Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
- Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Frenot, Y., Chown, S.L., Whinam, J., Selkirk, P.M., Convey, P., Skotnicki, M. & Bergstrom,D.M. (2005). Biological invasions in the Antarctic: extent, impacts and implications. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 80: 45-72.
- Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
- Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
- Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
- Gremmen, N. & Halbertsma, R.L. (2009). Alien plants and their impact on Tristan da Cunha 2: 1-307. Overseas Territories Environment Programme (OTEP).
- Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
- Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
- Henty, E.E. (1969). A manual of the grasses of New Guinea: 1-215. Division of Botany, Dpt. of Forests, LAE, New Guinea.
- Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
- Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Japan IVa: 1-430. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
- Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
- Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
- Kharkevich, S.S., Probatova, N.S. & Novikov, V.S. (1985). Sosudistye rasteniia sovetskogo Dal'nego Vostoka 1: 1-383. Izd-vo "Nauka," Leningradskoe otd-nie, Leningrad.
- Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
- Komiljon, T., Natalya, B., Avazbek, B., Dilnoza, A., Ziyoviddin, Y., Deng, T. & Sun, H. (2020). Flora of the Dzhizak Province, Uzbekistan: 1-523. China Forestry Publishing House.
- Koyama, T. (1987). Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions: an identification manual: 1-570. Kodansha, Tokyo, Japan.
- Kozhevnikov, A.E., Kozhevnikov, Z.V., Kwak, M. & Lee, B.Y. (2019). Illustrated flora of the Primorsky Territory, Russian Far East: 1-1124. National institute of biological resources.
- Launert, E. (1971). Flora Zambesiaca 10(1): 1-152. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Lee, W.T. (1996). Lineamenta Florae Koreae: 1-1688. Soul T'ukpyolsi: Ak'ademi Sojok.
- MacKee, H.S. (1994). Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. 2: 1-164. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.
- Malyschev, L.I. & Peschkova, G.A. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Siberia 2: 1-362. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
- Meikle, R.D. (1985). Flora of Cyprus 2: 833-1970. The Bentham-Moxon Trust Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Meyer, F.K. (2011). Beiträge zur Flora von Albanien. Haussknechtia, Beih. 15: 1-220.
- Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
- Montesinos Tubée, D.B. (2012). Lista anotada de nuevas adiciones para la flora andina de Moquegua, Perú. Revista Peruana de Biología 19: 307-316.
- Muer, T., Sauerbier, H. & Cabrara Calixto, F. (2020). Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras: 1-792. Verlag und Versandbuchhandlung Andreas Kleinsteuber.
- Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
- Noltie, H.J. (2000). Flora of Bhutan 3(2): 457-883. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
- Nowak, A. & Nobis, M. (eds.) (2020). Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas 2: 367-766. PAN, Polish academy of sciences.
- Orchard, A.E. (ed.) (1994). Oceanic Islands 1. Flora of Australia 49: 1-681. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
- Powell, A.M. & Worthington, R.D. (2018). Flowering plants of Trans-Pecos Texas and ajacent areas: 1-1444. BRIT Press.
- Press, J.R. et al. (2000). Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal: i-x, 1-430. Natural History Museum, London.
- Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Schäfer, H. (2021). Flora of the Azores a field guide: 1-445. Margraf Publishers GmbH.
- Sheremetova, S.A., Ebel, A.L. & Buko, T.E. (2011). Supplement to the flora of Kemerovo region since 2001 till 2010. Turczaninowia 14(1): 65-74.
- Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
- Turner, I.M. (1995 publ. 1997). A catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Malaya. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 47(2): 347-655.
- Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
- Wilson, A. (ed.) (2009). Flora of Australia 44A: 1-410. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
- Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A Handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- de Salas, MF, Baker, ML (2022). A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island: 1-161. Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart. https://flora.tmag.tas.gov.au/resources/census/.
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
- Kew’s Economic Botany collection in The State of the World’s Plants Report–2016. (2016). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew https://stateoftheworldsplants.org/2016/
Kew Backbone Distributions
- (2021). https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.501.2.1. epublication.
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Bor, N.L. (1968). Flora of Iraq 9: 1-588. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
- Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
- Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
- Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Broughton, D.A. & McAdam, J.H. (2002). The non-native vascular flora of the Falkland islands. Botanical Journal of Scotland 54: 153-190.
- Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
- Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
- Edgar, E & Connor, H.E. (2010). Flora of New Zealand, ed. 2, 5: 1-650. R.E.Owen, Government Printer, Wellington.
- Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
- Fedtschenko, B.A. & al. (1932). Flora Turkmenii 1: 1-340. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2007). Flora of North America North of Mexico 24: 1-908. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Forzza, R.C. & al. (2013). Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
- Frenot, Y., Chown, S.L., Whinam, J., Selkirk, P.M., Convey, P., Skotnicki, M. & Bergstrom,D.M. (2005). Biological invasions in the Antarctic: extent, impacts and implications. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 80: 45-72.
- Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
- Garcillán, P.P. & al. (2013). Plantas no nativas naturalizadas de la península de Baja California, México. Botanical Sciences 91: 461-475.
- Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
- Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
- Gremmen, N. & Halbertsma, R.L. (2009). Alien plants and their impact on Tristan da Cunha 2: 1-307. Overseas Territories Environment Programme (OTEP).
- Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
- Hassler, M. (2012). Flora of Rhodes. Systematic list of flora of Rhodes http://www.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/~db111/flora/rhodos/list.php.
- Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
- Henty, E.E. (1969). A manual of the grasses of New Guinea: 1-215. Division of Botany, Dpt. of Forests, LAE, New Guinea.
- Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
- Jaramillo Díaz, P. & Guézou, A. (2017). CDF Checklist of Galapagos Vascular Plants - FCD Lista de especies de Plantas Vasculares de Galápagos http://www.darwinfoundation.org/datazone/checklists/vascular-plants/.
- Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
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Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
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- GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
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- PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
- RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
- Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Other Data
Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parnell, R. [369], United Kingdom | K000913367 | Yes | |||
Gay, J.E. [s.n.] | K000913364 | Yes | |||
Parnell, R. [371], United Kingdom | K000913365 | Yes | |||
Sellow, Brazil | K000433679 | Yes | |||
Cope, T.A. [RBG 419], United Kingdom | K000914505 | Yes | |||
Parnell, R. [379], United Kingdom | K000913366 | Yes | |||
Parnell, R. [373], United Kingdom | K000913369 | Yes | |||
Cope, T.A. [RBG 8], United Kingdom | K000914504 | Yes | |||
Parnell, R. [377], United Kingdom | K000913368 | Yes | |||
Arnaud, C. [3114], France | K000913363 | Yes | |||
Sellow, Brazil | K000433678 | Yes | |||
Cope, T.A. [RBG 483], United Kingdom | K000914506 | Yes |
Sources
-
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible
- ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Flora Zambesiaca
- Flora Zambesiaca
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
- Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
- Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
- The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
- © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Science Photographs
- Copyright applied to individual images
-
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- ColPlantA database
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
- ColPlantA database
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0