Poaceae
Olyra

Olyra ciliatifolia Raddi

First published in Agrostogr. Bras.: 19 (1823)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Trinidad to S. Tropical America. It is a herbaceous bamboo and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome.

Descriptions

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Nativa en Colombia; Alt. 100 - 200 m.; Orinoquia.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba
Conservation
No Evaluada
[CPLC]

Morphology General Habit
Perennial; caespitose. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 50-130 cm long; woody. Culm-internodes thin-walled; distally pubescent. Culm-nodes swollen; purple. Leaves cauline. Leaf-sheaths glabrous on surface to pilose. Leaf-sheath auricles erect. Ligule a ciliolate membrane; 2 mm long. Leaf-blade base broadly rounded; asymmetrical; with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath; petiole 0.2 cm long; petiole pilose. Leaf-blades lanceolate, or ovate; 9-24 cm long; 36-85 mm wide. Leaf-blade venation parallel. Leaf-blade surface scabrous. Leaf-blade margins ciliate. Leaf-blade apex acuminate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Monoecious; with male and female spikelets in the same inflorescence. Inflorescence a panicle; terminal and axillary. Peduncle hispid above. Panicle open; pyramidal; 9.5-19 cm long; 3.5-10 cm wide. Primary panicle branches whorled at lower nodes; bearing 1 fertile spikelets on each lower branch; bearing spikelets almost to the base. Panicle branches scabrous. Sexes segregated; on unisexual branches and bisexual branches; with male below. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Male spikelets pedicelled; 2 in a cluster. Pedicels (female) columnar; angular; glabrous, or ciliate; tip widened.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 16-23 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Male spikelets distinct from female; 1 flowered; lanceolate; 5 mm long; glabrous, or hairy. Male spikelet glumes absent. Male spikelet lemma 3 -veined; muticous.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 16-23 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes persistent; similar; exceeding apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; 10-12 mm long; 1.2-1.3 length of upper glume; herbaceous; without keels; 5-7 -veined. Lower glume lateral veins with cross-veins. Lower glume surface glabrous; inner surface pilose (near apex). Lower glume apex attenuate; awned; 1 -awned. Lower glume awn 10-12 mm long. Upper glume ovate; 7.7-10.2 mm long; 1.2-1.5 length of adjacent fertile lemma; herbaceous; without keels; 5-7 -veined. Upper glume lateral veins with cross-veins. Upper glume surface glabrous; inner surface pilose (near apex). Upper glume apex attenuate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Fertile florets female. Fertile lemma elliptic; dorsally compressed; 6.5-7 mm long; indurate; pallid; shiny; without keel; 5-7 -veined. Lemma surface smooth; pubescent; hairy all along. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex acuminate. Palea indurate; without keels.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Lodicules 3. Anthers 3; 2-4 mm long. Stigmas 2.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; ellipsoid; 4.3-5 mm long; light brown. Hilum linear; 1 length of caryopsis. Disseminule comprising a floret.
sex Male
Male spikelets distinct from female; 1 flowered; lanceolate; 5 mm long; glabrous, or hairy. Male spikelet glumes absent. Male spikelet lemma 3 -veined; muticous.
Distribution
South America: Caribbean, northern South America, western South America, Brazil, and southern South America.
Reference
Olyreae. Sod & Zuol.
[GB]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
carrizo
[UNAL]

Distribution
Biogeografic region: Orinoquia. Elevation range: 100–200 m a.s.l. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Guaviare, Meta.
Habit
Herb.
[UPFC]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Neotropikey

    • Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0