[FSOM]
M. Thulin. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1–4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Distribution
- Some 25 species in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, some widespread weeds.
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual or perennial ± prostrate herbs
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite, one of the leaves in each pair markedly smaller than the other, paripinnate; stipules lanceolate to ovate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers solitary at each node, subtended by the smaller leaf, 5-merous, regular
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Sepals soon falling
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals white to yellow, usually longer than sepals
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 5–10 in 1 or 2 whorls; filaments without scales; disc lobed
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
- Ovary sessile, covered with erect bristle-like hairs, 5-lobed, 5-celled, each cell with 2–5 ovules; style 0–4 mm long; stigma cylindric to capitate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit 5-angled, disc or cone-shaped, splitting into 5 indehiscent mericarps; mericarps dorsally unarmed, spinous or winged, 2–5-seeded
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds without endosperm.
[FTEA]
Zygophyllaceae, M. Nabil El Hadidi (Faculty of Science, Cairo University). Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1985
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual pubescent or rarely glabrous herbs, sometimes of biennial or perennial growth with woody basal stock; hairs unicellar with bulbous bases; branches usually prostrate but in some species apparently decumbent or erect
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves paired at each node, one markedly smaller than the other (small and large leaves alternating at consecutive nodes), paripinnate; leaflets in 5-10 pairs, sessile, unequal-sided, oblong to ovate; stipules 2, lanceolate to ovate, membranous
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers solitary at each node, subtended by the smaller leaf, 5-merous, regular, 5-40 mm. across
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Sepals 5, ovate to narrowly lanceolate, hairy outside, deciduous or rarely persistent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals 5, white to golden yellow, narrowly lanceolate to broadly ovate, 2-22 × 1-18 mm., rarely equal to and usually 2-3 times as long as the sepals
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 5-10; smaller flowers (5-8 mm. across) usually have 5 stamens in 1 whorl, medium-sized flowers (8-20 mm. across) have 6-8 stamens, while large flowers (over 20 mm. across) have 8-10 stamens in 2 whorls; the outer whorl consists usually of 5 stamens; anthers oblong-cordate; filaments without scales; intrastaminal glands 10, free or connate to form a shallow cup at the base of the ovary
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary sessile, covered with erect bristle-like hairs, 5-lobed, 5-locular, each locule with 2-5 ovules; style rather short to absent; stigma conspicuous, pyramidal or hemispherical
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit 5-angled, disc- or cone-shaped, splitting at length into 5 indehiscent mericarps; mericarp dorsally unarmed, spinous or winged, 2-5-seeded
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds without endosperm.
[FZ]
Zygophyllaceae, E. Launert. Flora Zambesiaca 2:1. 1963
- Morphology General Habit
- Annual or perennial xerophilous herbs, sometimes with a woody base, very rarely shrubby, with usually prostrate or ascending branches.
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves opposite, one of each pair usually longer than the other, paripinnate; leaflets opposite, sessile or very shortly petiolate, entire and somewhat oblique.
- Morphology Leaves Stipules
- Stipules herbaceous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Flowers solitary, axillary.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Sepals 5, deciduous or sometimes persistent.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals 5, usually yellow, rarely white, shorter to longer than the sepals, spreading.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 10 (very rarely 5, but not in species of our area); filaments subulate, with extra-and intrastaminal glands at the base; anthers cordate or oblong-cordate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary 5-lobed, consisting of 5 concrescent carpels with 3–5 ovules in each carpel, densely covered with stiff erect hairs; stigma 5-angled, pyramidal or hemispheric, formed by fusion of the 5 stigmatic lobes.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit at length breaking up into 5 cocci; cocci dorsally tuberculate and provided with spines or wings, rarely unarmed, 1–5-seeded.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds without endosperm.
Native to:
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Angola, Assam, Austria, Baleares, Bangladesh, Benin, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Buryatiya, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Central European Rus, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Comoros, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Free State, Gambia, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Greece, Guinea, Gulf States, Hainan, Hawaii, Howland-Baker Is., Hungary, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Line Is., Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Maluku, Manchuria, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mauritania, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Mozambique Channel I, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Niger, Nigeria, North Caucasus, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Phoenix Is., Portugal, Qinghai, Queensland, Romania, Rwanda, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sicilia, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, South Australia, South China Sea, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Swaziland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Tokelau-Manihiki, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Wake I., West Himalaya, West Siberia, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Alabama, Aldabra, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Aruba, Bahamas, Bolivia, British Columbia, California, Cayman Is., Chile North, Colombia, Colorado, Cuba, Delaware, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, Galápagos, Georgia, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Jamaica, Kansas, Kentucky, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritius, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Netherlands Antilles, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Panamá, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Primorye, Puerto Rico, Réunion, South Carolina, South Dakota, St.Helena, Suriname, Tennessee, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Uruguay, Utah, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Washington, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming
- Tribulus adelacanthus R.M.Barker
- Tribulus arabicus Hosni
- Tribulus astrocarpus F.Muell.
- Tribulus bimucronatus Viv.
- Tribulus cistoides L.
- Tribulus cristatus C.Presl
- Tribulus echinops Kers
- Tribulus eichlerianus K.L.Wilson
- Tribulus excrucians Wawra
- Tribulus forrestii F.Muell.
- Tribulus hirsutus Benth.
- Tribulus hystrix R.Br.
- Tribulus incanus Hosni
- Tribulus kaiseri Hosni
- Tribulus macrocarpus F.Muell. ex Benth.
- Tribulus macropterus Boiss.
- Tribulus megistopterus Kralik
- Tribulus micrococcus Domin
- Tribulus minutus Leichh. ex Benth.
- Tribulus mollis Ehrenb. ex Schweinf.
- Tribulus occidentalis R.Br.
- Tribulus parvispinus C.Presl
- Tribulus pentandrus Forssk.
- Tribulus platypterus Benth.
- Tribulus ranunculiflorus F.Muell.
- Tribulus spurius Kralik
- Tribulus suberosus H.Eichler ex R.M.Barker
- Tribulus subramanyamii P.Singh, G.S.Giri & V.Singh
- Tribulus terrestris L.
- Tribulus zeyheri Sond.
Tribulus L. appears in other Kew resources:
| Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status | Has image? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coode, M. [4671], Reunion | 35465.000 | No | |||
| Rico, L. [1270], Bolivia | K000295088 | No |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 386 (1753)
Accepted by
- Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- —F.T.A. 1: 283.
Flora Zambesiaca
- Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 183 (1754).
- Sp. Pl. 1: 386 (1753)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Engler in E. & P. Pf., ed. 2, 19a: 174-177 (1931)
- Hadidi in Taeckholmia 9: 59-66 (1978)
- L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 183 (1754)
- Schweickerdt in Bothalia 3: 159-178 (1937)
- Sp. Pl.: 386 (1753)
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Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
-
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
-
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
-
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0