Poaceae
Saccharum

Saccharum spontaneum L.

First published in Mant. Pl. 2: 183 (1771)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Sicilia, Africa, Asia to N. & NE. Australia. It is a perennial or rhizomatous geophyte and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Afghanistan, Algeria, Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Burkina, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Gulf States, Hainan, India, Japan, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kirgizstan, Korea, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Malawi, Malaya, Maluku, Morocco, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Northern Territory, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Queensland, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Sicilia, Sinai, Solomon Is., Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan-South Sudan, Sumatera, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Xinjiang, Yemen

Introduced into:

Caroline Is., Christmas I., Costa Rica, Cuba, Fiji, Florida, Greece, Hawaii, Italy, Kriti, Madagascar, Marianas, Mauritius, New Caledonia, Panamá, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Sardegna, Society Is., Trinidad-Tobago, Vanuatu

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Accepted Infraspecifics

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Bor, N.L. (1970). Flora Iranica 70: 1-573. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A. (1982). Flora of Pakistan 143: 1-678. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Cope, T.A. (2002). Flora Zambesiaca 10(4): 1-190. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Damanakis, M. & Scholz, H. (1990). Phytogeographical notes on the Poaceae of Greece. Willdenowia 19: 413-423.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Frohlich, D. & Lau, A. (2014). New plant records for the Hawaiian islands 2012-2013. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 115: 7-17.
  • George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
  • Gilliland, H.B. (1971). A revised flora of Malaya 3: 1-319. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Singapore.
  • Hall, D.W. (2019). Grasses of Florida: 1-353. University press of Florida.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Henty, E.E. (1969). A manual of the grasses of New Guinea: 1-215. Division of Botany, Dpt. of Forests, LAE, New Guinea.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2020). Flora of Japan IVa: 1-430. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Komiljon, T., Natalya, B., Avazbek, B., Dilnoza, A., Ziyoviddin, Y., Deng, T. & Sun, H. (2020). Flora of the Dzhizak Province, Uzbekistan: 1-523. China Forestry Publishing House.
  • Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
  • Koyama, T. (1987). Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions: an identification manual: 1-570. Kodansha, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Maliya, S.D. & Datt, B. (2010). A contribution to the flora of Katarniyaghat wildlife sanctuary, Baharaich district, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 34: 42-68.
  • Middleton, D.J. & al. (eds.) (2019). Flora of Singapore 7: 1-525. Singapore Botanic Gardens.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Noltie, H.J. (2000). Flora of Bhutan 3(2): 457-883. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Nowak, A. & Nobis, M. (eds.) (2020). Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas 2: 367-766. PAN, Polish academy of sciences.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Plunkett, G.M., Ranker, T.A., Sam, C. & Balick, M.J. (2022). Towards a checklist of the vascular flora of Vanuatu. Candollea 77: 105-118.
  • Prasanna, P.V. & al. (eds.) (2024). Flora of India 32: 1-694. Botanical Survey of India.
  • Press, J.R. et al. (2000). Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal: i-x, 1-430. Natural History Museum, London.
  • Reddy, G.V.P. (2011). Survey of invasive plants on Guam and identification of the 20 most widespread. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 41: 263-274.
  • Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Ouédraogo, A., Hahn, K. & Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso. Boissiera 65: 1-391.
  • Turner, I.M. (1995 publ. 1997). A catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Malaya. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 47(2): 347-655.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Walker, E.H. (1976). Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu islands: 1-1159. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A Handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae. Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • von Raab-Straube, E. & Raus, T. (eds.) (2021). Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 14. Willdenowia 51: 355-369.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Artschwager, U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull. 811 (1942).
  • Mant. Alt. 183 (1771)
  • Panje in Ind. J. Agric. Sci. 3: 1013 (1933)

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.8.48621. epublication.
  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Bor, N.L. (1970). Flora Iranica 70: 1-573. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Bosser, J. & Renvoize, S.A. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 203: 1-276. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Boulos, L. (2005). Flora of Egypt 4: 1-617. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(2): 1-94. ORSTOM, Bangui.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Renvoize, S.A. (1982). Gramineae. Flora of Tropical East Africa 3: 451-898.
  • Clayton, W.D. & Snow, N. (2010). A key to Pacific Grasses: 1-107. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (2014-continuously updated). Atlas of Living Australia http://www.ala.org.au/.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Damanakis, M. & Scholz, H. (1990). Phytogeographical notes on the Poaceae of Greece. Willdenowia 19: 413-423.
  • Danin, A. (2004). Distribution Atlas of Plants in the Flora Palaestina area: 1-517. The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1994). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 8: 1-458. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Datta, B.K., Saha, R. Roy, M. & Majumder, K. (2008). Grasses of West Tripura district, Tripura, India. Pleione 2: 98-105.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Fedtschenko, B.A. & al. (1932). Flora Turkmenii 1: 1-340. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
  • Gilliland, H.B. (1971). A revised flora of Malaya 3: 1-319. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Singapore.
  • Hall, D.W. (2019). Grasses of Florida: 1-353. University press of Florida.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hepper, F.N. (ed.) (1972). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3(2): 277-574.
  • Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
  • Kandwal, M.K. & Gupta, B.K. (2009). An update on grass flora of Uttarkhand. Indian Journal of Forestry 32: 657-668.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Koyama, T. (1987). Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions: an identification manual: 1-570. Kodansha, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Maliya, S.D. & Datt, B. (2010). A contribution to the flora of Katarniyaghat wildlife sanctuary, Baharaich district, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 34: 42-68.
  • Merkodovich, N.A. (ed.) (1941). Flora Uzbekistana 1: 1-566. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Noltie, H.J. (2000). Flora of Bhutan 3(2): 457-883. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Nowak, A. & Nobis, M. (eds.) (2020). Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas 2: 367-766. PAN, Polish academy of sciences.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Pavlov, N.V. (ed.) (1956). Flora Kazakhstana 1: 1-354. Alma-Ata, Izd-vo Akademii nauk Kazakhskoi SSR.
  • Peekel, P.G. (1984). Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for Naturalists: 1-638. Office of Forests, Division of Botany, Lae, Papua New Guinea.
  • Press, J.R. et al. (2000). Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal: i-x, 1-430. Natural History Museum, London.
  • Reddy, G.V.P. (2011). Survey of invasive plants on Guam and identification of the 20 most widespread. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 41: 263-274.
  • Robertson, S.A. (1989). Flowering Plants of Seychelles: 1-327. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Roshevitz, R.J. & al. (eds.) (1950). Flora Kirgizskoi SSR 2: 1-315. Frunze : Izd-vo KirgizFAN SSSR.
  • Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Ouédraogo, A., Hahn, K. & Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso. Boissiera 65: 1-391.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1995). Flora of Somalia 4: i-ii, 1-298. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Walker, E.H. (1976). Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu islands: 1-1159. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2006). Poaceae. Flora of China 22: 1-733. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • von Raab-Straube, E. & Raus, T. (eds.) (2021). Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 14. Willdenowia 51: 355-369.

Kew Plants for Health

  • "SEPASAL database. (RBG Kew, 1999)"
  • "UPWTA (Burkill, 2025)"
  • "World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)"
  • GRIN (USDA)
  • MPNS Import
  • US-FDA GSRS (2025)

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Artschwager, U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull. 811 (1942).
  • L., Mant. Pl. Alt.: 183 (1771).
  • Panje in Ind. Journ. Agric. Sci. 3: 1013 (1933).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jul 1, 2010 Merrill, E.D. [543] Philippines K000943365 Neotype Yes
Jul 27, 2000 Meng, M. [231] Cambodia K000731578 Yes
Jan 1, 1990 Gilbert, M.G.; Phillips, S.; Tefera, D. [9073] Ethiopia K000731586 Yes
Jul 1, 1977 Rice, C. [2] Nepal K000731572 Yes
Jul 1, 1977 Rice, C. [59] Nepal K000731573 Yes
Jan 1, 1972 Grey-Wilson, C.; Hewer, T.F. [1038] Afghanistan K000731569 Yes
Jan 1, 1968 Furse, P. [8234] Afghanistan K000731568 Yes
Jan 1, 1968 Rechinger, K.H. [34736] Afghanistan K000731570 Yes
Jan 1, 1968 Furse, P. [7774] Afghanistan K000731567 Yes
Jan 1, 1968 Furse, P. [9036] Iran K000731571 Yes
Feb 1, 1964 Inne, R.R. [3073] Ghana K000731581 No
Apr 1, 1962 Ankrah, J.O. [1604] Ghana K000731583 No
Jan 1, 1957 s.coll. [s.n.] India K000943384 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K002928940 Yes
Dalziel, J.M. [277] Nigeria K002929693 Yes
Singh, U. [390] India K002928926 Yes
Snow, N.W.; Sagcal, E.C. [16287] Philippines K002929608 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K002928981 Yes
s.coll. [SES147B] India K002928930 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [896] Philippines K002929602 Yes
s.coll. [15129] Philippines K002929607 Yes
Furuse, M. [44516] Japan K002928809 Yes
But, P. [273] Hong Kong K002928835 Yes
Sørensen, Th.; Larsen, K.; Hansen, B. [6062] Thailand K002929459 Yes
[J. A. Famorgix]; Qaiser, M. [2219] Pakistan K002928874 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [8458] Tanzania K002929788 Yes
Henry, A. [12742] China K002928823 Yes
Podlech, D. [11541] Afghanistan K002928703 Yes
Ritchie (Dr) [816] India K001737220 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [8438] Tanzania K001737679 Yes
Soderstom, T. [2090] Nepal K002928912 Yes
Furuse, M. [3917] Japan K002928815 Yes
Lely, H.V. [776] Nigeria K002929694 Yes
Bullock, A.A. [687] India K002928883 Yes
Kostermans, A.J.G.H.; Wirawan, N. [28] Indonesia K002929528 Yes
Pokhant, D.R. [1363] Burma K002929003 Yes
Clayton, D. [408] Nigeria K002929697 Yes
Pokhant, D.R. [807] Burma K002929005 Yes
Duthie, J.F. [s.n.] India K002928890 Yes
s.coll. [1605] India K002928949 No
Hepper, F.N. [1326] Nigeria K002929685 Yes
s.coll. [1596] Indonesia K002929530 Yes
Iwatsuki, K.; Murata, G.; Dransfield, J.; Saerudin, D. [S1754] Indonesia K002929526 Yes
Stainton; Sykes; Williams [7587] Nepal K002928911 Yes
Merrill, E.; Kneucker, A. [784] Philippines K002929603 Yes
Anderson, B. [1584] Iran K002925795 Yes
McGregor, R.C. [24037] Philippines K001737672 Yes
s.coll. [257] India K002928916 Yes
Lepschi, B.J.; Collins, B.M.; Fagg, M.A. [6540] Christmas Island K001560450 Yes
Lepschi, B.J.; Collins, B.M.; Fagg, M.A. [6540] Christmas Island K001560451 Yes
Lely, H.V. [443] Nigeria K002929692 Yes
Duthie, J.F. [s.n.] India K002928880 Yes
Guile, D.P.M. [3825] Hong Kong K002928827 Yes
Awmack, C.S. [295] Indonesia K002929523 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Hoyle, A.C. [8333] Tanzania K002929789 Yes
[R. E. Vaughan] [1810] Mauritius K002929806 Yes
Mulvany, P.M. [59] Ethiopia K002929748 Yes
Carr, C.E. [11129] Papua New Guinea K002929617 Yes
Guile, D.P.M. [5197] Hong Kong K002928828 Yes
Furuse, M. [40512] Japan K002928813 Yes
Put [2567] Thailand K002929467 Yes
Powell, D.A.; Chey, H. [587] Christmas Island K002929521 Yes
Androssow, N. [s.n.] Kazakhstan K002928726 Yes
s.coll. [1595] Indonesia K002929514 Yes
s.coll. [246] India K002928917 Yes
Loher, A. [1768] Philippines K001737673 Yes
Roxburgh, W. [s.n.] India K000245555 Type Yes
Thomas, A.S. [Th3942] Uganda K002929776 Yes
Clarke, C.B. [35796A] India K002928904 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [2158] Thailand K002929465 Yes
Chisholm, H.; Davidson [s.n.] India K002928927 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; [H. A. C. Hoyle] [8333] Tanzania K002929794 Yes
Matthew, K.M.; Mathew, K.T. [50056] India K002928925 Yes
Janaki, E.K. [1649] Nepal K002928859 No
Clayton, D. [5715] Sri Lanka K002928976 Yes
Bally [B3817] Kenya K001737677 Yes
Matthew, K.M.; Mathew, K.T. [RHT50056] India K002928924 Yes
[C. O. Srasal] [46-7] Uganda K002929778 Yes
Raynal, J. [16676] Papua New Guinea K002929622 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [1080] India K002928987 Yes
Brass, L.J. [25466] Papua New Guinea K001737675 No
Duthie, J.F. [6198] India K002928935 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K002928918 Yes
Bunnak [222] Thailand K002929460 Yes
Smith, A.C. [7254] Fiji K002929679 Yes
Tuby [865] Nigeria K002929687 Yes
Gale, L. [2050] India K002929006 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K002929001 Yes
Davidse, G. [8295] Sri Lanka K002928979 Yes
Mann [N536] Nigeria K002929698 Yes
Fischer, C.E.C. [2455] India K002928998 Yes
Stewart; Nasir, E.; Siddiqi [1245] Pakistan K002928872 Yes
Dr. Banerjee; [Party] [2841] Nepal K002928857 Yes
Ycholz [188] Burkina Faso K000731584 Yes
Brandes, E.W. [s.n.] Vanuatu K002929681 Yes
Williams, R.S. [222] Philippines K002929601 Yes
Brandes, E.W. [[1601]] Papua New Guinea K002929621 Yes
Soenarko, S. [378] Indonesia K002929531 Yes
[T. Foulres]; Munro, W. [900a] India K001737222 Yes
Henry, A. [4222] China K002928831 Yes
[R. W. Ch] [[GP11]] Mauritius K002929807 Yes
[E. J. C. Wallich] [8854] Nepal K002928856 Yes
Narayanaswami, V. [1463] India K002928958 Yes
Davidse, G.; Sumithraarachchi, D.B. [8869] Sri Lanka K002928980 Yes
Gould, F.W. [13209] Sri Lanka K002928975 Yes
Blatter, E. [2707] India K002928923 Yes
But, P. [269] Hong Kong K002928833 Yes
Ammal, E. [s.n.] India K002928946 Yes
Collenette, J.S. [3645] Saudi Arabia K000731565 Yes
s.coll. [SES 189] India K002928919 Yes
Edwards, D.C. [53] Kenya K002929787 Yes
Wingate, G. [s.n.] India K002928897 Yes
s.coll. [1595] Indonesia K002929510 Yes
s.coll. [[1601]] Papua New Guinea K002929620 Yes
Leigh, P.H. [1604] Papua New Guinea K002928986 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [Th3368] Uganda K002929777 Yes
Fortune [6] China K002928822 Yes
Bab. [8029] Burma K002929053 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [24674] India K002928991 Yes
Vesey-Fitzgerald, D. [1524] Saudi Arabia K000731566 Yes
Ammal, E. [B161] India K002928914 Yes
Goméz, L.D. [22988] Costa Rica K002929917 Yes
[T.T.] [s.n.] India K002928934 Yes
Junghuhn, F.W. [s.n.] Indonesia K000943367 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [1561] India K002928915 Yes
Stewart, R.R. [26671] K002928870 Yes
Clarke, C.B. [34049] India K002928893 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K002928906 Yes
Sedgwick, L.J. [302] India K002928990 Yes
[Gouv. Veearks] [s.n.] Indonesia K002929518 Yes
Koelz, W.N. [18744] India K002928945 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [30] India K002928988 Yes
Piemeisel, R.L.; Kephart, L.W. [648] Uganda K002929770 Yes
Field, D.I. [331] Nepal K002928858 Yes
s.coll. [1603] India K002928948 No
Henry (Dr) [34] China K002928832 Yes
Bogdan, A. [AB3638] Kenya K002929784 Yes
Cowan, J.M. [s.n.] Bhutan K002928862 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [12656] India K002929000 Yes
[Saccha] [3254] India K002928877 Yes
Henry, A. [1077] Taiwan K002928836 Yes
Koelz, W.N. [21768] India K002928937 Yes
Furuse, M. [4277] Japan K002928816 Yes
Clayton, D. [5257] Sri Lanka K002928977 Yes
s.coll. [1598] Cuba K002929952 No
Stewart, R.R. [9473] India K002928867 Yes
Stewart [510/P] Pakistan K001737216 Yes
Sørensen, Th.; Larsen, K.; Hansen, B. [5926] Thailand K002929463 Yes
West, O. [6109] Kenya K002929782 Yes
Balansa, B. [1735] Vietnam K002929472 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Indonesia K002929527 Yes
[Dehra Dun] [s.n.] India K002928882 Yes
[illgible] [717] Kazakhstan K002928724 Yes
s.coll. [11207] Philippines K002929606 Yes
Stewart, R.R. [26672] Pakistan K002928871 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [19] Uganda K002929772 Yes
s.coll. [SES 231] India K002928920 Yes
Elmer, A.D.E.; Gram [5653] Philippines K002929600 Yes
Wilson, J. [235] Uganda K002929779 Yes
Cuming, H. [634] Philippines K000943366 Syntype Yes
Awmack, C.S. [341] Indonesia K002929524 Yes
Carr, C.E. [16387] Papua New Guinea K002929626 Yes
[T. Foulres] [s.n.] India K002928966 Yes
Clemens [6558] Papua New Guinea K002929632 Yes
[N. S. Stole] [s.n.] India K002928907 Yes
Pole-Evans, I.B.; Erens, J. [1755] Uganda K002929774 Yes
Lace, J.H. [5531] Burma K002929007 Yes
Belcher, R.O. [TC 577] Burma K002929009 Yes
Scholz [188] Burkina Faso K002929701 Yes
McClure, F.A. [7788] China K002928825 Yes
Bloembergen, S. [3394] Indonesia K002929517 Yes
Hepper, F.N. [3910] Nigeria K002929688 Yes
Womersley, J.S.; Simmonds, N.W. [s.n.] Indonesia K002929629 Yes
s.coll. [SES147[B]] India K002928929 Yes
Margelsolorf; [agel] [1545] Burma K002929010 Yes
Chisholm, H.; Davidson [s.n.] India K002928932 Yes
s.coll. [1607] Papua New Guinea K002929618 Yes
[U. Tlut Sa] [2749] Burma K002929054 Yes
Bourne [3269] India K002928959 Yes
Clarke, C.B. [20124A] India K002928892 Yes
Hepper, F.N. [3910] Nigeria K002929686 Yes
[illegible] [925] Nigeria K002929696 Yes
Soenarko, S. [437] Indonesia K002929628 Yes
Stocks, J.E. [545] Pakistan K002928878 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [s.n.] Philippines K002929605 Yes
Thomson, T. [s.n.] India K002928903 Yes
s.coll. [1599] Indonesia K002929512 Yes
Soreng, R.J.; Peterson, P.M.; Hang, S. [5286] China K002928818 Yes
s.coll. [1608] Indonesia K002929516 Yes
s.coll. [6898] Papua New Guinea K002929624 Yes
s.coll. [SES 365] India K002928921 Yes
Backer, C.A. [23513] Indonesia K002929519 Yes
Koorders, S.H. [19793] Indonesia K002929529 Yes
s.coll. [3316A ] Bhutan K002928863 Yes
Maslennikova, T. [s.n.] Russia K002928727 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Mauritius K002929805 Yes
Duthie, J.F. [s.n.] India K002928889 Yes
Friis, I.; Bidgood, S.; Wonderfrash, M.; Ayana, A.; Simon, F. [9218] Ethiopia K000731585 Yes
R. [illegible] [DC408] Nigeria K001737676 Yes
Ward, J.F. [L130] Nigeria K002929690 Yes
Lye, K.A. [Lye9019] Kenya K002929781 Yes
Hook, J.D.; Thomson, T. [2304] K002928953 Yes
Henry, A. [2266] China K002928826 Yes
s.coll. [457/P] Pakistan K001737217 Yes
[U. Tlcein Lwiar] [29] Burma K002929052 No
Yasuda, K. [2006] Japan K002928810 Yes
Davis, R.M. [D18] Tanzania K002929791 Yes
Guillaum; [Baum-Bod] [10529] Pakistan K002929683 Yes
Abedin, S. [3797] Pakistan K002928873 Yes
Narayanaswami, V. [1463] India K002928957 Yes
Furuse, M. [40512] Japan K002928814 Yes
Duthie, J.F. [12282] India K002928869 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [23296] India K002928931 Yes
Killick, H.J. [73] Nigeria K002929691 No
s.coll. [42] India K002928962 Yes
Blatter; Hallberg [690] India K002928996 Yes
Meebold, A. [10569] India K002928969 Yes
s.coll. [409] India K002928993 Yes
Barber, C.A. [7445] India K002928995 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Algeria K002928709 Yes
Aitchison, J.E.T. [131] India K002928876 Yes
Ritchie (Dr) [829] India K002928944 Yes
Ledermann, C.L. [13323] Micronesia, Federated States of K002929627 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [Th3043] Uganda K002929775 Yes
Smith, A.C. [7254] Fiji K002929680 Yes
Kerr, A.F.G. [4000] Thailand K002929466 Yes
s.coll. [1608] Indonesia K002929515 Yes
Winterbottom, J.E. [915] India K002928868 Yes
Malhotra, C.L. [42788] India K002928936 Yes
Okafor, J.C. [FHI47849] Nigeria K002929689 Yes
Levine, C.O. [3316] China K002928830 Yes
Langdale-Brown [2296] Uganda K002929773 Yes
Thomson, G. [134] K002928965 Yes
Wingate, G. [s.n.] India K002928895 Yes
[J. S. Gamble] [24856B] India K002928861 Yes
Furuse, M. [44516] Japan K002928808 Yes
Raynal, J. [16676] Papua New Guinea K002929623 Yes
[Hocks law] [s.n.] India K002928885 Yes
Stewart, R.R. [9520] India K002928875 Yes
Wingate, G. [s.n.] India K002928896 Yes
{C. F. van Beusekom; Phengkhlai, C.}; Geesink, R.; {Wongwan, B.} [4641] Thailand K002929462 Yes
Duthie, J.F. [s.n.] India K002928879 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [7473] India K002928860 Yes
Soderstrom, T.R. [2097] Nepal K000731574 Yes
Innes, R.R. [30274] Ghana K000731582 No
Ammal, E. [1028] India K002928886 Yes
Schaaf, D. [67] Nepal K002928909 Yes
Matthew, K.M. [19905] India K002928887 Yes
Fischer, C.E.C. [32] India K002928999 Yes
Aitchison, J.E.T. [981] Afghanistan K002928700 Yes
Pokhant, D.R. [1352] Burma K002929004 Yes
Chevalier, A.J.B. [30250] Vietnam K002929471 Yes
Blake, S.T. [16650] Australia K002929644 Yes
Okamoto, K.; Saito, N. [TSH935] Japan K002928812 Yes
[D. Schaaf] [60] Nepal K002928908 Yes
Smitinand, T. [8486] Thailand K002929458 Yes
Bullock, A.A. [687] India K002928985 Yes
s.coll. [1600] Indonesia K002929511 Yes
Ram, S. [s.n.] India K002928922 Yes
Stolz, A. [1318] K002929792 Yes
[illegible] [s.n.] Nigeria K002929695 Yes
Heyne, B. [210] K002928968 Yes
Zohary, D.; Amdursky, I. [s.n.] K002925793 Yes
Maire, E.E. [2975] China K002928829 Yes
Hu, S.Y. [11123] Hong Kong K002928834 Yes
Beusekom, V. [4691] Thailand K002929457 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [93] Philippines K002929604 Yes
s.coll. [778] India K002928938 Yes
Narayanaswami, V. [193] India K002929002 Yes
Schmid, B. [s.n.] India K002928964 Yes
Chow, K.S. [78288] China K002928824 Yes
s.coll. [[1]] Pakistan K001737218 Yes
Chevalier, A.J.B. [29153] K002929469 Yes
Barber, C.A. [2753] India K002928994 Yes
s.coll. [35] India K002928950 Yes
Gammie, G.A. [18470] India K002928900 Yes
Bor, N.L. [6474] India K002928955 Yes
Sørensen, Th.; Larsen, K.; Hansen, B. [1164] Thailand K002929461 Yes
Munro, W. [s.n.] Afghanistan K002928702 Yes
Ryves, T.B.; Clement, E.J. [96GOA/023] India K002928901 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002928967 Yes
[illegible] [10239E] Iran K002925796 Yes
[Beltwill] [s.n.] Kazakhstan K002928723 Yes
[Dehra Dun] [s.n.] India K002928881 Yes
Koelz, W.N. [12168] Afghanistan K002928698 Yes
Ram, S. [s.n.] India K002928942 No
s.coll. [11950] Philippines K002929599 Yes
Fischer, C.E.C. [1195] India K002928997 Yes
Haines, H.H. [546] India K002928894 Yes
Cavalerie, J. [3450] China K002928821 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [s.n.] India K002928992 Yes
Matthew, K.M.; Manoharan, C.; Alamelu, S. [19182] India K002928970 Yes
[illegible] [7979] Thailand K002929464 Yes
Brass, L.J. [24452] Papua New Guinea K002929631 Yes
[P. H. Leigh] [1607] Papua New Guinea K002929619 Yes
Henty, E.E. [NGF16782] Papua New Guinea K002929625 Yes
s.coll. [1682] India K002928943 Yes
Davides, G.; Sumithraarachchi, D.B. [9021] Sri Lanka K002928978 Yes
Loher, A. [1769] Philippines K001737674 Yes
[N. Gamble] [180A] Bhutan K002928864 Yes
Chisholm, H.; Davidson [s.n.] India K002928933 Yes
Commerson [s.n.] India K002928983 Yes
[Put] [2567] Thailand K002929468 Yes
[C. O. Srasel] [46-24] Kenya K002929785 Yes
Axelrod, F.; Proctor, G.; Cólon, D. [8381] Puerto Rico K002929953 Yes
Béguinot, A. [1803] Indonesia K002929522 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Mauritius K002929804 Yes
s.coll. [1596] Indonesia K002929525 Yes
Soenarko, S. [447] Indonesia K002929633 Yes
Clayton, D. [5834] Sri Lanka K002928974 Yes
T.T. [s.n.] India K002928939 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [8428] Tanzania K002929793 Yes
s.coll. [18133] Philippines K002929609 Yes
Dupout, P.A. [4] Seychelles K002929808 Yes
Powell, D.A.; Chey, H. [587] Christmas Island K002929520 Yes
Bourne [2317] India K002928961 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K002928905 Yes
Price, W.R. [1356b] China K002928819 Yes
[illegible] [33] Nigeria K002929699 Yes
Bogdan, A. [AB2607] Kenya K002929786 Yes
Clayton, D.; Albert, M.G. [5335] Sri Lanka K002928973 Yes
Tsiang, Y. [4358] China K002928820 Yes
Okamoto, K.; Saito, N. [935] Japan K002928811 Yes
Commerson [29] India K002928982 Yes
s.coll. [254] India K002928947 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [12790] India K002928963 Yes
Griffith [361] Afghanistan K002928701 Yes
Lace, J.H. [5945] Burma K002929008 Yes
[A. Cooke]; Wood, J.J. [35-1] India K002928891 Yes
Santapau, H. [19692] India K002928941 No
[St. Clair-Thompson] [1001] Tanzania K001737678 Yes
Belcher, R.O. [22C890] India K002928954 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Kazakhstan K002928725 Yes
Matthew, K.M.; Manoharan, C.; Alamelu, S. [19182] India K002928971 Yes
Santapau, H. [16444] India K002928989 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K002928984 Yes
Merrill, E.D. [4312] Philippines K002929598 Yes
Wood, J.H. [[CLXXIII]] Bhutan K002928865 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [s.n.] Uganda K002929771 Yes
Clarke, C.B. [7615] India K002928928 Yes
Munro, W. [s.n.] Afghanistan K002928699 Yes
Scholz [188] Burkina Faso K002929700 Yes
Furuse, M. [1251] Japan K002928817 Yes
Robertson, S.A. [6602] Kenya K002929780 Yes
Womersley, J.S.; [illegible] [s.n.] Papua New Guinea K002929630 Yes
Thompson, S.C. [1001] Tanzania K002929790 Yes
s.coll. [1600] Indonesia K002929513 Yes
Brandes, E.W. [s.n.] New Caledonia K002929682 Yes
[Walham] [s.n.] Sri Lanka K002928972 Yes
Saldanha, C.; Ramamoorthy, T.P. [HFP1203] India K002928888 Yes
Chevalier, A.J.B. [29092] K002929470 Yes

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