Poaceae
Sporobolus

Sporobolus festivus Hochst. ex A.Rich.

First published in Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 398 (1850)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical & S. Africa, Madagascar, India. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Doubtfully present in:

Free State, KwaZulu-Natal

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Saudi Arabia, Yemen

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Aedo, C., Tellería, M.T. & Velayos, M. (eds.) (1999). Bases Documentales para la Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial; Plantas vascularis y hongos: 1-414. CSIC, real jardín Botánico, Madrid.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 2: 360-550. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Bosser, J. (1969). Gramiées des pasturages et des cultures a Madagascar: 1-440. ORSTOM, Paris.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(2): 1-94. ORSTOM, Bangui.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Clayton, W.D., Phillips, S.M., Renvoize, S.A. (1974). Gramineae. Flora of Tropical East Africa 2: 177-449.
  • Cope, T. (1999). Flora Zambesiaca 10(2): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Gillet, H. (1968). Le peuplement végétal du massif de l'Ennedi (Tchad). Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Serie B. Botanique 17: 1-206.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hepper, F.N. (ed.) (1972). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3(2): 277-574.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Lebrun, J.P. (1973). Énumération des plantes vasculaires du Sénégal: 1-209. Maisons Alfort: Institut d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux.
  • Lewalle, J. (1970). Liste floristique et répartition altitudinale de la flore du Burundi occidental: 1-84. Université officielle de Bujumbura.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Ndabaneze, P. (1989). Catalogue des Graminées du Burundi. Lejeunia; Revue de Botanique, n.s., 132: 1-127.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Retief, E. & Meyer, N.L. (2017). Plants of the Free State inventory and identification guide. Strelitzia 38: 1-1236. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1995). Flora of Somalia 4: i-ii, 1-298. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Troupin, G. (ed.) (1988). Flora du Rwanda 4: I-X, 1-651. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A Handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Berhaut, Fl. Sén. ed. 2, 412.
  • Chev. Bot. 742
  • Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 398 (1850)
  • in Rev. Bot. Appliq. 14: 112
  • incl. var. fibrosus Stapf ex Stent in Bothalia 2: 264 (1927)

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Aedo, C., Tellería, M.T. & Velayos, M. (eds.) (1999). Bases Documentales para la Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial; Plantas vascularis y hongos: 1-414. CSIC, real jardín Botánico, Madrid.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 2(2): 1-94. ORSTOM, Bangui.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Clayton, W.D., Phillips, S.M., Renvoize, S.A. (1974). Gramineae. Flora of Tropical East Africa 2: 177-449.
  • Cope, T. (1999). Flora Zambesiaca 10(2): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Cope, T.A., Knees, S.G. & Miller, A.G. (2007). Flora of the Arabian peninsula and Socotra 5(1): 1-387. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Gillet, H. (1968). Le peuplement végétal du massif de l'Ennedi (Tchad). Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Serie B. Botanique 17: 1-206.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hepper, F.N. (ed.) (1972). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3(2): 277-574.
  • Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P. & Sanjappa, M. (1989). Florae Indicae Enumeratio: Monocotyledonae: 1-435. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.
  • Lebrun, J.P. (1973). Énumération des plantes vasculaires du Sénégal: 1-209. Maisons Alfort: Institut d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux.
  • Lewalle, J. (1970). Liste floristique et répartition altitudinale de la flore du Burundi occidental: 1-84. Université officielle de Bujumbura.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1995). Flora of Somalia 4: i-ii, 1-298. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Troupin, G. (ed.) (1988). Flora du Rwanda 4: I-X, 1-651. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 4, (1995) Author: by T. A. Cope [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • A. Rich., Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 398 (1851).
  • A.V. Bogdan, A Revised List of Kenya Grasses p. 29 (1958).
  • Clayton in Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3: 410 (1972).
  • D.M. Napper, Grasses of Tanganyika: 48 (1965).
  • Eggeling, Ann. list grasses Ug.: 45 (1947).
  • F. W. Andr., The Flowering Plants of the Sudan 3: 549 (1956).
  • Jackson & Wiehe, Ann. list Nyasaland grasses: 61 (1958).
  • K.W. Harker & D.M. Napper, An Illustrated Guide to the Grasses of Uganda p. 57 (1960).
  • Robyns, Flore des Spermatophytes du Parc National Albert3: 146 (1955).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Nov 1, 2008 Cheek, M. [13556] Cameroon K000580326 Yes
Jan 1, 1991 Schweinfurth, G. [1000] Ethiopia K000365251 Type Yes
Fay, J.M. [2784] Central African Republic K002436949 Yes
[2109] Zimbabwe K002935573 Yes
Story, R. [6236] Namibia K002936438 Yes
[4214] Zimbabwe K002935589 Yes
Liebenberg, L.C.C. [1550] Uganda K002439263 Yes
Lowe, J.L. [1860] Nigeria K002436431 Yes
Huntley, B.J. [1914] South Africa K002936448 Yes
s.coll. [30] Nigeria K002436434 Yes
Schimper [1692] Ethiopia K000365250 Syntype Yes
Schimper [1692] Ethiopia K000365249 Syntype Yes
[43] Zimbabwe K002935572 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [1395] Uganda K002439264 Yes
Barbier, C. [1092] Somalia K002437862 Yes
Radcliffe-Smith, A.; Henchie, S.J. [4991] Yemen K002093584 Yes
[2215] Zimbabwe K002935591 Yes
Major Appleton [s.n.] Somalia K002437864 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Merrett, L.; Vollesen, K. [8416] Zambia K001589084 Yes
Sinsin, B.; Agbani, P.; Adokpo, C. [2962] Benin K001297777 Yes
Hemp, A. [3970] Kenya K001765395 Yes
[1224] Zimbabwe K002935579 Yes
Tessmann, G. [2508] Cameroon K002436940 Yes
Jackson, J.K. [4239] Sudan K002437799 No
s.coll. [6243] Sudan K002437812 No
Repton, J.E. [2820] South Africa K002936459 Yes
Acocks, J.P.H. [16677] South Africa K002936458 No
Rwaburindore, P. [4768] Uganda K002439265 Yes
[126/55] Zimbabwe K002935582 Yes
s.coll. [404] Sudan K002437803 No
Wood, J.R.I. [1771] Yemen K002093586 Yes
Schlechter, R. [4403] South Africa K002936456 Yes
de Winter, B.; Marais, W. [4579a] South Africa K002936432 Yes
Lisowski, S. [19293] Central African Republic K002436967 Yes
Lynes, H. [s.n.] Sudan K002437789 No
Petrus Cornelius Vermuelen Du Toit [1115] South Africa K002936446 Yes
Keay, R.W.J.; Okeke, R.E. [FHI43505] Nigeria K002436422 Yes
[358] Zimbabwe K002935576 Yes
Codd, L.E. [748] South Africa K002936453 Yes
[1671] Zimbabwe K002935584 Yes
RJC/LC [271] Zimbabwe K001612112 Yes
RJC/LC [271] Zimbabwe K001612111 Yes
MMC/RJC/LC [Rhod. 271] Zimbabwe K001612113 Yes
MMC/RJC/LC [Rhod 271] Zimbabwe K001612114 Yes
Gautier, L.; Ranirison, P.; Hanirarivo, R. M.; Luino, I. [LG 5950] Madagascar K001622370 Yes
Merrett, L. [2524] Zambia K001769652 Yes
Troupin, G. [1067] Congo, Republic of the K002436954 Yes
[Balikn Berhin] [31] Sudan K002437798 No
Smook, L. [1139] South Africa K002936440 Yes
Hutchinson, J.; Mogg [2887] South Africa K002936460 Yes
Smook, L. [8940] South Africa K002936434 Yes
Hitchins, P. [372A] South Africa K002936461 Yes
[1884] Zimbabwe K002935574 Yes
Germain, R.G.A. [6620] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K002436958 Yes
Burtt, B., D. [1832] K000365222 Type Yes
Chevalier [9225] Central African Republic K000365295 Type Yes
[171] Zimbabwe K002935587 Yes
[48866] Zimbabwe K002935583 Yes
Lisowski, S. [18916] Central African Republic K002436968 Yes
Patunkar, B.W. [2763] India K002094430 Yes
[1732] Zimbabwe K002935580 Yes
Sharland, R.E. [[1781]] Nigeria K002436428 Yes
[P. Cewpère] [900] Congo, Republic of the K002436964 Yes
Collenette, I.S. [9398] Saudi Arabia K002093583 Yes
Jackson, J.K. [782] Sudan K002437802 No
Fay, J.M. [2834] Central African Republic K002436951 Yes
Myers, J.G. [7262] Sudan K002437808 No
Daramola; Osanyinlusi [DO128] Nigeria K002436430 Yes
James Kalema [JK 2664] Uganda K002439256 Yes
Smook, L. [1144] South Africa K002936441 Yes
Friis, I.; Vollesen, K.B. [262] Sudan K002437811 No
Figari [s.n.] Sudan K002437810 No
[3465A] Botswana K002935599 Yes
Wickens, G.E. [3154] Sudan K002437795 No
[6497] Zimbabwe K002935568 Yes
Hudson, D. [27] Uganda K002439270 Yes
Wickens, G.E. [1974] Sudan K002437792 No
[2751] Angola K002935607 Yes
Andrews, F.W. [A1276] Sudan K002437801 No
Lotsy, J.P.; Goddijn, W.A. [581] South Africa K002936445 Yes
[6458] Zimbabwe K002935567 Yes
Blair, I.J. [32] Sudan K002437813 No
s.coll. [65] Sudan K002437805 No
[Sid Fid Kirl] [939] Sudan K002437804 No
de Winter, B. [2478] South Africa K002936433 Yes
[3317] Botswana K002935603 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Cameroon K002436945 Yes
Allen, C.E.F. [130] Mozambique K002935500 Yes
[1488] Botswana K002935598 Yes
Hulberg, B. [3] Central African Republic K002436948 Yes
s.coll. [3348] K002436953 Yes
Vaillant, A. [2526] Cameroon K002436939 Yes
Collenette, I.S. [7535] Saudi Arabia K002093582 Yes
Schweickerdt, H.G. [1762] South Africa K002936449 Yes
[33/56] Zimbabwe K002935581 Yes
de Winter, B.; Leistner, O.A. [5586] South Africa K002936436 Yes
[314] Angola K002935606 Yes
Volk, O.H. [2922] South Africa K002936435 Yes
[Matodi] [206] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K002436957 Yes
s.coll. [6398] Burundi K002436972 Yes
Lecomte [4] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K002436956 Yes
Killick, H.J. [24] Nigeria K002436426 Yes
Smook, L. [2656] South Africa K002936442 Yes
Strohbach, B.; Sheuyange, T. [3240] South Africa K002936430 Yes
Smook, L. [0000003142] South Africa K002936444 Yes
Van der Ben, D. [2546] Burundi K002436973 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [Th 1945] Uganda K002439257 Yes
Liben [2738] Congo, Republic of the K002436961 Yes
[[15509]] Zimbabwe K002935590 Yes
Keay, R.W.J. [FHI. 37753] Nigeria K002436432 Yes
[B. Mleale] [914] Cameroon K002436942 Yes
Galpin, E.E. [8907] South Africa K002936457 Yes
Hazel, C. [552] Uganda K002439260 Yes
Troupin, G. [1067] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K002436959 Yes
Dalziel, J.M. [503] Nigeria K002436421 Yes
Schlechter, R. [4207] South Africa K002936455 Yes
Chevalier [8626] Central African Republic K000365296 Type Yes
Langdale-Brown [1438] Uganda K002439268 Yes
Langdale-Brown [1470] Uganda K002439266 Yes
[5313] Zimbabwe K002935594 Yes
Schweickerdt, H.G. [1729] South Africa K002936450 Yes
[9522] Angola K002935608 Yes
Muerillon, A. [887] Cameroon K002436941 Yes
Smook, L. [0000003068] South Africa K002936443 Yes
[s.n.] Zimbabwe K002935592 Yes
Myers, J.G. [7332] Sudan K002437809 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Cameroon K002436946 Yes
Wit, P. [3100] Cameroon K002436943 Yes
Reekmans, M. [8609] Burundi K002436969 Yes
Hudson, D. [254] Uganda K002439269 Yes
[3869] Botswana K002935600 Yes
Fay, J.M. [4492] Central African Republic K002436950 Yes
[s.n.] K002935596 Yes
Jackson, G. [34770] Nigeria K002436429 Yes
Peter, A. [37919] K000365221 Unknown Type Material Yes
Giess; Volle; Bleissner [7216] Namibia K002936439 Yes
[Babiker Beshir] [14] Sudan K002437800 No
Wickens, G.E. [2609] Sudan K002437794 No
Grove, A.T. [50] Nigeria K002436427 Yes
Blair, I.J. [72] Sudan K002437790 No
Dalton, J.J. [s.n.] Nigeria K002436425 Yes
[2265] Botswana K002935602 Yes
B. de Winter; [illegible] [4732] South Africa K002936437 No
[5359] Zimbabwe K002935578 Yes
[A. gomese Sousa] [2283] Mozambique K002935499 No
s.coll. [12214] Mozambique K002935501 Yes
Hambler, D.J. [462] Nigeria K002436433 Yes
Reekmans, M. [5626] Burundi K002436970 Yes
[27] Zimbabwe K002935571 Yes
Sillitoe, F. [29] Sudan K002437806 No
Wickens, J.E. [s.n.] Sudan K002437815 No
Jackson, J.K. [4276] Sudan K002437788 No
Chandler, J. [730 a ] Uganda K002439259 Yes
Killick, D.J.B.; Leistner, O.A. [3003] South Africa K002936431 Yes
Reekmans, M. [5601] Burundi K002436971 Yes
[M. N. Hassison] [903] Sudan K002437796 No
Katende, A.B. [KII30] Uganda K002439258 Yes
[249] Zimbabwe K002935586 Yes
[s.n.] Zimbabwe K002935593 Yes
[116] Zimbabwe K002935570 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [196] Mozambique K002935497 Yes
Myers, J.G. [6454] Sudan K002437807 No
[770] Zimbabwe K002935577 Yes
[s.n.] Zimbabwe K002935595 Yes
[74147] Zimbabwe K002935569 Yes
[62] Zimbabwe K002935585 Yes
[1711] Zimbabwe K002935588 Yes
Spellenberg, R.; Nasher, M. [7338] Yemen K002093585 Yes
Fay, J.M. [2587] Central African Republic K002436952 Yes
Hooker, K.W. [465] Uganda K002439267 Yes
Richardson, A.J. [10] Nigeria K002436423 Yes
Major Appleton [s.n.] Somalia K002437863 Yes
Demoulin, G. [35] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K002436966 Yes
Wickens, G.E. [1961] Sudan K002437791 No
Faulkner, H. [1] Mozambique K002935498 Yes
Germain, R. [5700] Congo, Republic of the K002436962 Yes
Compere [1011] Congo, Republic of the K002436963 Yes
Wickens, G.E.; Wickens, J.E. [s.n.] Sudan K002437814 No
[[1609]] Botswana K002935605 Yes
Port, G.W. [s.n.] South Africa K002936452 Yes
[2066] Zimbabwe K002935566 Yes
[13814B] Angola K000508443 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K002436947 Yes
Liebenberg, L.C.C. [1821] Uganda K002439261 Yes
[268] Zimbabwe K002935597 Yes
[1794] Zimbabwe K002935575 Yes
[1595] Botswana K002935604 Yes
[O. Kevfoot] [1190] Uganda K002439271 Yes
Wit, P. [3140] Cameroon K002436944 Yes
Davidse, G. [5990] South Africa K002936447 Yes
Christiaensen, A.R. [1093] Congo, Republic of the K002436955 Yes
Taylor, C.B. [25] Nigeria K002436424 Yes
Schlechter, R. [4207] South Africa K002936454 Yes
James Kalema [2442] Uganda K002439255 Yes
Liebenberg, L.C.C. [465] Uganda K002439262 Yes
s.coll. [1704] India K002094431 Yes
Stirton, C.H. [5443] South Africa K002936462 Yes
Humbert [8196] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K002436965 Yes
Gerard [85] Congo, Republic of the K002436960 Yes
[4044] Botswana K002935601 Yes
Van der Schijff, H.P. [1623] South Africa K002936451 Yes
Wickens, G.E. [2035] Sudan K002437793 No
Wickens, G.E.; Wickens, J.E. [s.n.] Sudan K002437816 No

Sources

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    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

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    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

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    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

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    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

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    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

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    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Plants and People Africa

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    • © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/