Family:
Poaceae Barnhart
Genus:
Triticum L.

Triticum monococcum L.

This species is accepted, and its native range is SE. Europe to Afghanistan.

[GB]
Morphology General Habit
Annual; culms solitary, or caespitose. Culms 45-80 cm long. Culm-nodes bearded. Leaf-sheath oral hairs ciliate. Leaf-sheath auricles falcate. Ligule an eciliate membrane. Leaf-blades 2-5 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface puberulous. Leaf-blade margins smooth, or scaberulous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 1; single; bilateral; (2.5-)3-4 cm long. Rhachis fragile at the nodes (tardily); flattened; glabrous on margins, or pubescent on margins. Spikelet packing broadside to rhachis. Rhachis internodes oblong; 2-2.5 mm long; falling with spikelet above. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets sessile.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1(-2) fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 10 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1(-2) fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 10 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes similar; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume oblong; 6-8 mm long; 1 length of upper glume; coriaceous; 2-keeled; keeled all along; 5-9 -veined. Lower glume apex dentate; 2 -fid. Upper glume oblong; 6-8 mm long; 0.9-1 length of adjacent fertile lemma; coriaceous; 2-keeled; keeled all along; 5-9 -veined. Upper glume lateral veins divergent at apex. Upper glume apex dentate; 2 -fid.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Fertile lemma elliptic; 8-10 mm long; coriaceous; keeled; 9-11 -veined. Lemma apex dentate; 2 -fid; awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn (30-)60-80 mm long overall. Palea 2 -veined. Palea keels ciliolate. Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped; 1 in number.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Anthers 3. Ovary with a fleshy appendage below style insertion; pubescent on apex.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; hairy at apex. Hilum linear.
Distribution
Europe: southwestern, southeastern, and eastern. Africa: north, northeast tropical, and southern tropical. Asia-temperate: Caucasus and western Asia.
Reference
Triticeae. Fl Turk 1993.

Native to:

Afghanistan, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Algeria, Belarus, Central European Rus, East European Russia, Ethiopia, France, Great Britain, Morocco, Northwest European R, Romania, Spain, Zimbabwe

English
Einkorn Wheat

Triticum monococcum L. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Lejeune, A.L.S. [s.n.] K000979047 isotype Yes
Lejeune, A.L.S. [s.n.] K000979049 Yes
Kornicke, F.A. [s.n.], Germany K000979050 Yes
Lejeune, A.L.S. [33] K000979048 Yes
Scheppig, A. A. C. [s.n.], Germany K000979052 Yes
Scheppig, A. A. C. [s.n.], Germany K000979051 Yes

First published in Sp. Pl.: 86 (1753)

Accepted by

  • Bor, N.L. (1970). Flora Iranica 70: 1-573. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Heun, M., Haldorsen, S. & Vollana, K. (2008). Reassessing domestication events in the Near East: Einkorn and Triticum urartu. Genome 51: 444-451.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • van Slageren, M. & Payne, T. (2013). Concepts and nomenclature of the Farro wheats, with special reference to Emmer, Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccum (Poaceae). Kew Bulletin 68: 477-494.

Literature

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 9: 1-724. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1995). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 7: 1-430. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

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  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

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  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
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  • Kew Living Collection Database

    Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

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