Poaceae
Triticum

Triticum monococcum L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 86 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is SE. Europe to Afghanistan. It is an annual and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Descriptions

Morphology General Habit
Annual; culms solitary, or caespitose. Culms 45-80 cm long. Culm-nodes bearded. Leaf-sheath oral hairs ciliate. Leaf-sheath auricles falcate. Ligule an eciliate membrane. Leaf-blades 2-5 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface puberulous. Leaf-blade margins smooth, or scaberulous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 1; single; bilateral; (2.5-)3-4 cm long. Rhachis fragile at the nodes (tardily); flattened; glabrous on margins, or pubescent on margins. Spikelet packing broadside to rhachis. Rhachis internodes oblong; 2-2.5 mm long; falling with spikelet above. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets sessile.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1(-2) fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 10 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures.
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1(-2) fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 10 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes similar; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume oblong; 6-8 mm long; 1 length of upper glume; coriaceous; 2-keeled; keeled all along; 5-9 -veined. Lower glume apex dentate; 2 -fid. Upper glume oblong; 6-8 mm long; 0.9-1 length of adjacent fertile lemma; coriaceous; 2-keeled; keeled all along; 5-9 -veined. Upper glume lateral veins divergent at apex. Upper glume apex dentate; 2 -fid.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Fertile lemma elliptic; 8-10 mm long; coriaceous; keeled; 9-11 -veined. Lemma apex dentate; 2 -fid; awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn (30-)60-80 mm long overall. Palea 2 -veined. Palea keels ciliolate. Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped; 1 in number.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Anthers 3. Ovary with a fleshy appendage below style insertion; pubescent on apex.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; hairy at apex. Hilum linear.
Distribution
Europe: southwestern, southeastern, and eastern. Africa: north, northeast tropical, and southern tropical. Asia-temperate: Caucasus and western Asia.
Reference
Triticeae. Fl Turk 1993.
[GB]

Common Names

English
Einkorn Wheat

Sources

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2022 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2023. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2022 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images