Calophyllum inophyllum L.

Guttiferae, P. Bamps, N. Robson & B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1978

Morphology General Habit

Tree 7.5–30 m. tall, usually with a short trunk and long spreading branches; bark pale grey and fawn with shallow elliptic longitudinal fissures; branches smooth, 4-angled when young; branchlets ribbed and bearing obvious leaf scars when dry; leaf-blades bright green, elliptic-oblong to obovate, 8–18.5(–20) cm. long, (4.5–)5–12 cm. wide, rounded to slightly emarginate at the apex, broadly cuneate at the base, the margin ± undulate, coriaceous, the lateral nerves prominent on both surfaces; petiole 1–2.2 cm. long, broadened and flattened towards the apex.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescences falsely racemose, lax, 3–12-flowered, 7–15 cm. long, in the upper axils; buds globose; pedicels 1.5–4 cm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Sepals 4, reflexed, deciduous, the outer pair round, 7–8 mm. long, the inner obovate, 1 cm. long, rounded at the apex, ± petaloid.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Petals 4, obovate, 0.9–1.2 cm, long, narrower than the inner sepals, reflexed, deciduous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens in 4 bundles, yellow or orange, equalling or rather shorter than the petals; anthers narrowly oblong, 1.5 mm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil

Ovary pink, globose; style ± 4 times as long as the ovary, slightly exceeding the stamens, flexuous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Fruit green, pale brown when dry, globose, 2.5–4 cm. in diameter, smooth, but coarsely wrinkled in dry state.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds brown, ovoid or subglobose, 1.7–2.2 cm. long and wide, ± mamillate, very oily.

Figures

Fig. 1.

Habitat

Rocky and sandy sea-shores; 0–20 m., but also planted inland up to about 1200 m.

Distribution

Mozambique, Madagascar, Mascarene Is., tropical Asia and Malaysia extending to Melanesia and Polynesia, also cultivated in many parts of the world K7 P T3 T6 Z

Guttiferae, N. K. B. Robson. Flora Zambesiaca 1:2. 1961

Morphology General Habit

Tree 15–30 m. high, usually with a short trunk and long branches; bark pale grey and fawn with shallow elliptic longitudinal fissures; branches smooth, tetragonal when young, eventually cylindric.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves petiolate; lamina (8) 10 × (4–5) 5–10 cm., coriaceous, concolorous, broadly elliptic-oblong to obovate, rounded or shallowly emarginate at the apex, often with undulate margin, broadly cuneate at the base, with lateral nerves prominent on both surfaces; petiole 10–15 mm. long, broadened and flattened towards the apex.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescences 7–8 cm. long, racemose, lax, 3–12-flowered, in the axils of the upper leaves.

Morphology General Buds

Flower-buds 7–9 mm. in diam., globose.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers pedicellate; pedicels 1·5–4 cm. long, spreading to ascending.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Sepals 4, reflexed, deciduous, outer ones c. 7–8 mm. long, orbicular, inner ones c. 10 mm. long, obovate, ± petaloid, rounded at the apex.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Petals 4, 9–12 mm. long, obovoid, narrower than the inner sepals, reflexed, deciduous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens in 4 fascicles, ?, orange, equal to or rather shorter than the petals; anthers c. 1·5 mm. long, narrowly oblong.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil

Ovary deep pink, globose; style c. 4 times as long as the ovary, scarcely exceeding the stamens, flexuous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Drupe c. 2·5–4 cm. in diam. when ripe, green, globose, smooth, with thick pericarp.

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/33196/67775081

Conservation

LC - least concern

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Andean, Caribbean, Pacific. Elevation range: 0–1550 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, San Andrés y Providencia.

Habit

Tree.

Conservation

IUCN Red List Assessment (2021): LC.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, shrubland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.