Juncus effusus L.

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Nativa en Colombia; Alt. 1500 - 3700 m.; Andes, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

Preocupación Menor

Juncaceae, Susan Carter. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1966

Morphology General Habit

Perennial densely tufted erect herb to 120 cm. high.

Vegetative Multiplication Rhizomes

Rhizome short, internodes scarcely 5 mm. long.

Morphology Stem

Stems to 5 mm. in diameter, leafless, green, finely striated, the sterile ones sharply pointed.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves reduced to 3–6 cataphylls, 1–20 cm. long, straw-coloured to dark purple-brown, with the longer inner 1 or 2 bearing a reduced filiform cylindric deciduous leaf-blade up to 1 cm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence pseudolateral, many-branched, consisting of 1- and 2-sided cymes, dense or lax, 1.5–8 cm. in diameter, subtended by a cylindric sharply pointed bract up to 30 cm. long, which resembles a continuation of the stem; branches many, from a few mm. up to 5 cm. long, each with a scarious lanceolate bract 2–5 mm. long at its base; flowers on slender 0.5–5 cm. long pedicels; each flower subtended by a bract and 2 bracteoles; bracts triangular, 1–1.5 mm. long, acute, membranous, buff-coloured; bracteoles similar, 1 mm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth

Perianth-segments lanceolate, subulate at their apices, green with colourless to brown membranous margins; outer segments 1.75–2.5 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide; inner segments slightly shorter.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens 3; filaments linear, 0.5 mm. long; anthers linear, 0.4– 0.5 mm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil

Ovary 3-locular; style very short; stigmas 0.75 mm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsule trigonous, obovoid, 2–2.5 mm. long, shortly apiculate, apex slightly depressed at maturity, shiny, olive to red-brown.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds ovoid, about 0.4 mm. long, very shortly apiculate, faintly reticulated, red-brown.

Habitat

In swamps and by streams in upland rain-forest, upland evergreen bushland and grassland; 1350–3100 m.

Distribution

worldwide in temperate regions and mountains and highlands of the tropics K3 K4 T2 T4 T6 U2

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/164223/65914179

Conservation

LC - least concern

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Andean. Elevation range: 1500–3700 m a.s.l. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Bogotá DC, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima.

Habit

Herb.

Conservation

IUCN Red List Assessment (2021): LC. National Red List of Colombia (2021): Potential LC.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, shrubland, native grassland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.

Vernacular

Esparto, Junco

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Morphology General Habit

Herb.

Ecology

Alt. 1500 - 3700 m.

Distribution

Native from Colombia.

Use Fuel

Fuels (State of the World's Plants 2016).

Use Materials

Materials (State of the World's Plants 2016).

Use Medicines Unspecified Medicinal Disorders

Medicinal (State of the World's Plants 2016).

Use Materials Other Materials

Stems - Used to make saddle-pads (Linares 1994).

Use Materials Unspecified Materials Chemicals

Materials (State of the World's Plants 2016).