Family:
Lamiaceae Martinov
Genus:
Salvia L.

Salvia coccinea Buc'hoz ex Etl.

This species is accepted, and its native range is SE. U.S.A. to N. Argentina. It is used as animal food, a poison and a medicine, has environmental uses and for food.

[UNAL]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
flor de Jericó

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Naturalizada y adventicia en Colombia; Alt. 500 - 1900 m.; Amazonia, Andes, Orinoquia, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba
Conservation
No Evaluada

[UPFC]
Distribution
Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Orinoquia. Elevation range: 500–1900 m a.s.l. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Bogotá DC, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Santander, Tolima, Valle del Cauca.
Habit
Herb.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, artificial - terrestrial.

[KBu]

Wood, J. R. I. (2007). The Salvias (Lamiaceae) of Bolivia. Kew Bulletin, 62(2), 177-221. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20443346

Conservation
Least concern
Distribution
Widely distributed in tropical America south to Argentina (Xifreda 1999: 776) but mainly in mountainous regions (apparently absent from Brazil). Very local and scattered in occurrence and usually known from only a small number of localities in each country. In Bolivia, like S. occidentalis, it is quite frequent in the Yungas of La Paz but is only known elsewhere from a single record from near Santa Cruz. It is a plant of roadsides and similar disturbed places, showing some preference for old terrace walls. It is usually found at lowish altitudes from 600 to 1600 m and it may be that the exceptional altitude of 2500 m recorded below is an error. Its status as a native species is doubtful; it might be an ancient introduction.
Morphology General Habit
An annual or, more commonly, short-lived perennial herb reaching about 30 cm in height and readily recognised by the spreading white setose hairs on the stem
Morphology Leaves
Leaves long-petiolate, 3 - 6 x 2 - 5 cm, deltoid, acute, basally truncate and shortly attenuate onto the petiole
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence of terminal racemes; calyx 0.8 - 0.9 cm long, the upper lip 5-veined, the -teeth acute; corolla 2 - 2.2 cm long, red, the lower lip twice as long as the upper; stamens long exserted; style glabrous, exserted, the upper arm recurved and much shorter than the lower.
Note
Readily recognised by the combination of red corollas, strongly exserted stamens and long petiolate, small, ovate leaves. The stems are covered in distinctive, white, spreading hairs. Section Rudes Epling
Phenology
Grows in areas receiving rain sporadically throughout the year, so found in flower at any season.
Type
Plate 2, cent. 2, dec. 3 in Buc'hoz, M. (1772), chosen by Pereira dos Santos (1994: 155). See Epling (1939: 133) for complete synonymy.

[FTEA]

Lamiaceae (Labiatae), A.J. Paton, G. Bramley, O. Ryding, R.M. Polhill, Y.B. Harvey, M. Iwarsson, F. Willis, P.B. Phillipson, K. Balkwill, C.W. Lukhoba, D.F. Otieno, & R.M. Harley. Salvia, RM Polhill. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2009

Note
Native of tropical America, probably Brazil
Morphology General Habit
Herb or shrub 60–150 cm tall, with long fine spreading hairs on stems.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves ± triangular, usually cordate at base, 3–6 × 1–3.5 cm, pubescent; verticils 6–10(–14)flowered.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts
Bracts elliptic-lanceolate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx tubular, 7–10 mm long, pubescent.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla scarlet, rarely yellow, pink or white, 20–24 mm long; posterior lip fairly short, straight; anterior lip broad and longer than posterior lip.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens and style well exserted

[UPFC]
Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.
Use Poisons
Poisons.

Native to:

Alabama, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Louisiana, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela

Introduced into:

Bangladesh, Bermuda, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, China Southeast, Cook Is., Ethiopia, Fiji, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hawaii, India, Jawa, Kenya, Leeward Is., Madeira, Malawi, Malaya, Marquesas, Mozambique, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Niue, Norfolk Is., Ohio, Philippines, Society Is., Sulawesi, Sumatera, Tanzania, Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Uganda, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is., Zambia, Zimbabwe

Salvia coccinea Buc'hoz ex Etl. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Nov 7, 2015 Cardoso, L. [38], Cape Verde K001134380 No
Oct 8, 2015 Villacorta, R. [227], El Salvador K000267143 Yes
Feb 21, 2014 Wallich, N. [2151], Burma K000846329 Yes
Mar 29, 2007 Harris, W. [s.n.], Mexico K000247987 Yes
Feb 7, 2006 Yamamoto [12], Brazil K000194197 Yes
Mar 1, 1976 Dang, D. [604], Cameroon K000025230 No
Jan 1, 1928 Burchell [2775], Brazil K001225074 Yes
Brenan [14396] 41472.000 No
Gaumer, G.F. [s.n.], Mexico K000966553 No
Gaumer, G.F. [23560], Mexico K000966552 No
Kerenga, K. [LAE77241], Papua New Guinea K000856998 No
Johns, R.J. [7919], Papua New Guinea K000856999 No
Gerard, P. [Cat. no. 2150], India K001115324 Yes
Silva, J.S. [381], Brazil K001225070 Yes
Ball, J. [2775], Brazil K001225072 Yes
Heringer, E.P. [14418], Brazil K001225077 Yes
Hoehne, W. [s.n.], Brazil K001225083 Yes
Mueller, F. [447], Brazil K001225091 Yes
Palmer, E. [1074], Mexico K000966593 No
Palmer, E. [106], Mexico K000966591 No
75502.000 No
Gardner [5570], Brazil K001225075 Yes
Buijsman, M. [17], Indonesia K000856915 No
Duarte, A.P. [5560], Brazil K001225081 Yes
Siqueira, O.P. [17], Brazil K001225085 Yes
Gaumer, G.F. [453], Mexico K000966555 No
Yamamoto, I.M. [12], Brazil K001225071 Yes
Maingay, A.C. [1167], Malaysia K000856881 No
s.coll. [s.n.] K001225089 Yes
Usteri, A. [s.n.], Brazil K001225073 Yes
Kebber, E. [138], Mexico K000966592 No
Gottsberger, G. [s.n.], Brazil K001225086 Yes
Hoehne, W. [11380], Brazil K001225084 Yes
Sucre, D. [3963], Brazil K001225080 Yes
Glaziou [4966], Brazil K001225090 Yes
Palmer, E. [77], Mexico K000966590 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [3487], Thailand K000856876 No
Gerard, P. [Cat. no. 2150], India K001115327 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2150], India K001115329 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2150] K001115326 Yes
Sucre, D. [3963], Brazil K001225079 Yes
Barker, W.R. [LAE67777], Papua New Guinea K000857000 No
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2150] K001115325 Yes
Gaumer, G.F. [453], Mexico K000966554 No
Krieger, L. [23319], Brazil K001225078 Yes
Lörzing, J.A. [11849], Indonesia K000856917 No
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2150] K001115328 Yes
Smith, L.B. [2133], Brazil K001225076 Yes
Miers, J. [3771], Brazil K001225087 Yes
Gardner [5570], Brazil K001225088 Yes
Martinelli, G. [10084], Brazil K001225082 Yes
Jan 1, 1917 Koorders, S.H. [28490], Indonesia Salvia coccinea var. pseudococcinea K000856916 No
Mar 22, 2007 Galeotti, H.G. [611], Mexico Gulf Salvia galeottii K000247978 isotype Yes

First published in Salv.: 23 (1777)

Accepted by

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Arbo, M.M. & al. (2018). Flora Argentina. Flora vascular de la República Argentina 20(1): 1-488. INTA, IMBIV & IBODA.
  • Baker, R.E.D. in Williams, R.O. (1955). Labiatae Flora of Trinidad and Tobago 2(6): 421-435. Government Printing Office, Port-of-Spain.
  • Bramley, G.L.C. (2019). Flora Malesiana 23: 1-444. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (2012). Flora Mesoamericana 4(2): 1-533. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe Bothalia 41: 41-82.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Hedberg, I., Kelbessa, E., Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Persson, E. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 5: 1-690. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
  • Khanam, M. & Hassan, M.A. (2008). Lamiaceae Flora of Bangladesh 58: 1-161. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.
  • López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
  • Mabberley, D.J. & De Kok, R.P.J. (2004). Labiatae Flore de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et Dépendances 25: 20-141. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
  • Martínez-Gordillo, M. & al. (2019). Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Lamiaceae: 1-233. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • O'Leary, N. & Moroni, P. (2016). Las especies de Salvia (Lamiaceae) para Argentina Darwiniana, n.s., 4: 91-131.
  • Paton, A.J., Bramley, G., Ryding, O., Polhill, R., Harvey, Y., Iwarsson, M., Willis, F., Phillipson, P., Balkwill, K., Lukhoba, C., Otiend, D & Harley (2009). Lamiaceae (Labiatae) Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-430.
  • Paton, A.J., Bramley, G., Ryding, O., Polhill, R.M., Harvey, Y.B., Iwarsson, M., Otieno, D., Balkwill, K., Phillipson, P.B., Harley, R.M. & Willis, F. (2013). Flora Zambesiaca 8(8): 1-346. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Smith, A.C. (1991). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 5: 1-626. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.
  • Welsh, S.L. (1998). Flora Societensis: 1-420. E.P.S. Inc. Utah.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (2007). The Salvias (Lamiaceae) of Bolivia Kew Bulletin 62: 177-222.

Literature

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Baker, R.E.D. in Williams, R.O. (1955). Labiatae Flora of Trinidad and Tobago 2(6): 421-435. Government Printing Office, Port-of-Spain.
  • Bramley, G.L.C. (2019). Flora Malesiana 23: 1-444. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Britton, N. (1918). Flora of Bermuda: 1-585. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe Bothalia 41: 41-82.
  • Hallé, N. (1980). Les Orchidees de Tubuai (archipel des Australes, Sud Polynesie), suivies d'un catalogue des plantes a fleurs et fougeres des iles Australes Cahiers de l'Indo-Pacifique 2(3): 69-130.
  • Hedberg, I., Kelbessa, E., Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Persson, E. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 5: 1-690. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Khanam, M. & Hassan, M.A. (2008). Lamiaceae Flora of Bangladesh 58: 1-161. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.
  • Lorence, D.H. & Wagnwe, W.L. (2020). Flora of the Marquesas Islands 2: 413-1135. National Tropical Botanic Garden, Smithsonian, DRPF.
  • López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
  • Mabberley, D.J. & De Kok, R.P.J. (2004). Labiatae Flore de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et Dépendances 25: 20-141. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
  • Martínez-Gordillo, M. & al. (2019). Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Lamiaceae: 1-233. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Orchard, A.E. (ed.) (1994). Oceanic Islands 1 Flora of Australia 49: 1-681. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
  • Paton, A.J., Bramley, G., Ryding, O., Polhill, R., Harvey, Y., Iwarsson, M., Willis, F., Phillipson, P., Balkwill, K., Lukhoba, C., Otiend, D & Harley (2009). Lamiaceae (Labiatae) Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-430.
  • Paton, A.J., Bramley, G., Ryding, O., Polhill, R.M., Harvey, Y.B., Iwarsson, M., Otieno, D., Balkwill, K., Phillipson, P.B., Harley, R.M. & Willis, F. (2013). Flora Zambesiaca 8(8): 1-346. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Smith, A.C. (1991). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 5: 1-626. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Sykes, W.R. (1970). Contributions to the flora of Niue Bulletin, New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 200: 1-321.
  • Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.
  • USDA, NRCS (2005- continuously updated). Natural Resources Conservation Services Plant Database http://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=checklist.html.
  • Welsh, S.L. (1998). Flora Societensis: 1-420. E.P.S. Inc. Utah.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (2007). The Salvias (Lamiaceae) of Bolivia Kew Bulletin 62: 177-222.
  • Yuncker, T.G. (1959). Plants of Tonga Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 220: 1-283.

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • Cámara-Leret, R., & Dennehy, Z. (2019). Information gaps in indigenous and local knowledge for science-policy assessments. Nature Sustainability 2:736-741.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
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  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • Jansen, P., Lemmens, R., Oyen, L., Siemonsma, J., Stavast, F. & Van Valkenburg, J. (1991) Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Basic list of species and commodity grouping. Final version. Pudoc, Wageningen.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
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Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Blundell, Wild Fl. E. Afr.: 408, t. 531 (1987)
  • F.P.U.: 149, fig. 92 (1962)
  • Fl. Rwanda 3: 345, fig. 111.3 (1985)
  • Jex-Blake, Gard. E. Afr., ed. 4: 81 (1957)
  • Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 33: 114 (1974)
  • U.K.W.F. ed. 2: 287 (1994).

  • Art and Illustrations in Digifolia

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Bulletin

    Kew Bulletin
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    Copyright applied to individual images

  • Plants and People Africa

    Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    ColPlantA database
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0