Salvia coccinea Buc'hoz ex Etl.

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Naturalizada y adventicia en Colombia; Alt. 500 - 1900 m.; Amazonia, Andes, Orinoquia, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

No Evaluada

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Orinoquia. Elevation range: 500–1900 m a.s.l. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Bogotá DC, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Santander, Tolima, Valle del Cauca.

Habit

Herb.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, artificial - terrestrial.

Wood, J. R. I. (2007). The Salvias (Lamiaceae) of Bolivia. Kew Bulletin, 62(2), 177-221. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20443346

Type

Plate 2, cent. 2, dec. 3 in Buc'hoz, M. (1772), chosen by Pereira dos Santos (1994: 155). See Epling (1939: 133) for complete synonymy.

Morphology General Habit

An annual or, more commonly, short-lived perennial herb reaching about 30 cm in height and readily recognised by the spreading white setose hairs on the stem

Morphology Leaves

Leaves long-petiolate, 3 - 6 x 2 - 5 cm, deltoid, acute, basally truncate and shortly attenuate onto the petiole

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence of terminal racemes; calyx 0.8 - 0.9 cm long, the upper lip 5-veined, the -teeth acute; corolla 2 - 2.2 cm long, red, the lower lip twice as long as the upper; stamens long exserted; style glabrous, exserted, the upper arm recurved and much shorter than the lower.

Distribution

Widely distributed in tropical America south to Argentina (Xifreda 1999: 776) but mainly in mountainous regions (apparently absent from Brazil). Very local and scattered in occurrence and usually known from only a small number of localities in each country. In Bolivia, like S. occidentalis, it is quite frequent in the Yungas of La Paz but is only known elsewhere from a single record from near Santa Cruz. It is a plant of roadsides and similar disturbed places, showing some preference for old terrace walls. It is usually found at lowish altitudes from 600 to 1600 m and it may be that the exceptional altitude of 2500 m recorded below is an error. Its status as a native species is doubtful; it might be an ancient introduction.

Conservation

Least concern

Phenology

Grows in areas receiving rain sporadically throughout the year, so found in flower at any season.

Note

Readily recognised by the combination of red corollas, strongly exserted stamens and long petiolate, small, ovate leaves. The stems are covered in distinctive, white, spreading hairs. Section Rudes Epling

Lamiaceae (Labiatae), A.J. Paton, G. Bramley, O. Ryding, R.M. Polhill, Y.B. Harvey, M. Iwarsson, F. Willis, P.B. Phillipson, K. Balkwill, C.W. Lukhoba, D.F. Otieno, & R.M. Harley. Salvia, RM Polhill. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2009

Note

Native of tropical America, probably Brazil

Morphology General Habit

Herb or shrub 60–150 cm tall, with long fine spreading hairs on stems.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves ± triangular, usually cordate at base, 3–6 × 1–3.5 cm, pubescent; verticils 6–10(–14)flowered.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts

Bracts elliptic-lanceolate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx tubular, 7–10 mm long, pubescent.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Corolla scarlet, rarely yellow, pink or white, 20–24 mm long; posterior lip fairly short, straight; anterior lip broad and longer than posterior lip.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens and style well exserted