Family:
Fabaceae Lindl.
Genus:
Senna Mill.

Senna italica Mill.

This species is accepted, and its native range is Africa to Indian Subcontinent. It is used as animal food, a poison and a medicine, has environmental uses and social uses and for food.

[UPFC]
Distribution
Biogeografic region: Caribbean. Elevation range: 52–52 m a.s.l. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: La Guajira.
Habit
Herb, Subshrub.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland.

[FSOM]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Erect to prostrate herb or small shrub;branches appressed puberulous in Flora area
Morphology Leaves
Leaves 3–12 cm long, eglandular; stipules triangular to ovate-triangular, 3–9 mm long; leaflets (3–)4–6(–7) pairs, obovate-elliptic to obovate-oblong, 1–4.3 x 0.4–2(–2.7) cm, minutely appressed puberulous
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Racemes 2–25 cm long; bracts broadly ovate or elliptic, shortly acuminate, 3–5 mm long, caducous
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals usually blackish or brownish except for hyaline margins
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals yellowish-white to bright yellow, 0.8–2 cm long
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens arranged as in S. longiracemosa, 9–10: 2 anthers large, 4–5 medium-sized, 3 small.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Pods shortly oblong-falcate, flattened, 3–6 x 1.3–2 cm, transversely venose, with a ridge of raised crests along middle of each valve
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds similar to S. longiracemosa: transversely arranged, compressed, oblong-ovate, apiculate near hilum, often emarginate at opposite end, 6–7.5 x 4–4.5 x 1.5–2.5 mm, reticulate, with a small areole on each face
Vernacular
Jalelo, jalelo ari, jalelo gel (Somali).

[ILDIS]

International Legume Database and Information Service

Conservation
Not Threatened
Ecology
Africa: Somalia-Masai grasslands, Sahara regional transition zone - bushland and thicket.
Morphology General Habit
Annual/Perennial, Not climbing, Herb/Shrub
Vernacular
Chotatarado, Italian Senna, Italjanskaya Senna

[UNAL]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
sen

[FZ]

Leguminosae, R.K. Brummitt, A.C. Chikuni, J.M. Lock and R.M. Polhill. Flora Zambesiaca 3:2. 2007

Morphology General Habit
Prostrate or ascending shrublet or herb from a woody base, to 15–60 cm high.
Morphology Branches
Branchlets pale grey-brown, pubescent, weakly longitudinally ridged.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves paripinnate; stipules 5–6 × 1 mm, narrowly triangular, pubescent, persistent; petiole 0.3–2 cm long, pubescent; rachis 5.5–8 cm long, pubescent, eglandular or with a very small reddish gland between the leaflet pairs; leaflets in (4)5–7(8) pairs, 1.6–3.6 × 0.6–2 cm, the distal largest, oblong to broadly obovate, base broadly cuneate or rounded, slightly asymmetric, apex obtuse to rounded or retuse, usually mucronate, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, the margin and midrib beneath more densely pubescent; petiolules up to 1 mm long, glabrous to pubescent.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences axillary many-flowered racemes, 7–26 cm long, including the peduncle; bracts c.5 × 3 mm, broadly ovate, acuminate, pubescent, caducous; pedicels 2–3 mm long at anthesis.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals 5, elliptic to obovate, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals orange to yellow, obovate, slightly unequal.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 10; two fertile with long arcuate anthers and very short filaments; five fertile with short straight anthers and straight filaments; three probably sterile with anthers curved into a semi-circle and straight filaments.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Ovary flattened, glabrous to villous; style terete; stigma terminal.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Pod weakly curved to almost straight, flattened, usually bearing distinct crests on the flat faces in the middle of each segment, mucronate (style-base), tardily dehiscent along both sutures.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds brown, 6–7 × 2–3 mm, obovate, flattened, with a narrowly elliptic areole c.2 mm long on each broad face.

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Naturalizada en Colombia; Alt. 52 m.; Llanura del Caribe.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba, subarbusto
Conservation
No Evaluada

[UPFC]
Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Gene Sources
Used as gene sources.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Materials
Used as material.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.
Use Poisons
Poisons.
Use Social
Social uses.

[FSOM]
Use
One source of senna, used as a purgative.

[ILDIS]
Use
Medicine

Native to:

Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Burkina, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Central African Repu, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Free State, Gambia, Gulf States, India, Iran, Iraq, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sinai, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, West Himalaya, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zimbabwe

Extinct in:

Socotra

Introduced into:

Aruba, Benin, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Transcaucasus, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is.

English
Eland's pea

Senna italica Mill. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Apr 29, 2006 Steyermark, Julián A.; Braun, August [94515], Venezuela K000556421 Yes
Apr 29, 2006 Steyermark, Julián A.; Braun, August [94519], Venezuela K000556422 Yes
Feb 11, 2004 Roldán, F.J.; García, L.C.; Sylva, G. [1035], Colombia K000556420 Yes
Nov 1, 1997 Vogel, E. [13], Nigeria K000417507 Yes
Nov 1, 1997 Vogel, T. [6], Cape Verde K000417508 Yes
Jul 2, 1991 Roldán, F.J. [1035], Colombia K000556420 No
Jan 1, 1980 Miller, O.O. [228], Venezuela K000556423 No
Mar 15, 1969 Miller, O.O.; Johnston, J.O. [228], Venezuela K000556423 Yes
Steyermark, Julián A. [94515], Venezuela K000556421 No
Steyermark, Julián A. [94519], Venezuela K000556422 No
s.coll. [Cat. no. 5319] Cassia obovata K001120552 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 5319] Cassia obovata K001120555 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 5319] Cassia obovata K001120550 Yes
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 5319], Myanmar Cassia obovata K001120553 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 5319] Cassia obovata K001120551 Yes

First published in Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.° 2 (1768)

Accepted by

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, R.S. & Celis, M. (eds.) (2016). Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia 1-2: 1-3068. Libro impreso.
  • Boulos, L. (1999). Flora of Egypt 1: 1-419. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Filimban, F.Z. & al. (2014). Studies in the flora of Arabia: XXX Edinburgh Journal of Botany 71: 117-132.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (2007). Flora of the Sultanate of Oman. volume 2. Crassulaceae - Apiaceae Scripta Botanica Belgica 36: 1-220.
  • Greuter, W., Burdet, H.M. & Long, G. (eds.) (1989). Med-checklist 4: 1-458. Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de la Ville de Genève.
  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1989 publ. 1990). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 3: 1-659. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
  • Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Llewellyn, O.A., Hall, M., Miller, A.G., Al-Abbasi, T.M., Al-Wetaid, A.H., Al-Harbi, R.J. & Al-Shammari, K.F. (2011). Important plant areas in the Arabian peninsula: 4. Jabal Aja Edinburgh Journal of Botany 68: 199-224.
  • Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-list: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India Nelumbo 54: 39-91.
  • Miller, A.G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of Soqotra Archipelago: 1-759. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
  • Mosti, S., Raffaelli, M. & Tardelli, M. (2012). Contributions to the flora of central-southern Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman) Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 67: 65-91.
  • Musselman, L.J. (2011). Checklist of Plants of Lebanon and Syria http://ww2.odu.edu/~lmusselm/plant/lebsyria/Checklist%20of%20Lebanon%20Plants.pdf.
  • Yakovlev, G.P., Sytin, A.K. & Roskov, Y.R. (1996). Legumes of Northern Eurasia. A checklist: 1-724. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Literature

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

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Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 1: 1-359. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
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  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, R.S. & Celis, M. (eds.) (2016). Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia 1-2: 1-3068. Libro impreso.
  • Boulos, L. (1999). Flora of Egypt 1: 1-419. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 3: 1-89. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Filimban, F.Z. & al. (2014). Studies in the flora of Arabia: XXX Edinburgh Journal of Botany 71: 117-132.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
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  • Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1989 publ. 1990). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 3: 1-659. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
  • Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Llewellyn, O.A., Hall, M., Miller, A.G., Al-Abbasi, T.M., Al-Wetaid, A.H., Al-Harbi, R.J. & Al-Shammari, K.F. (2011). Important plant areas in the Arabian peninsula: 4. Jabal Aja Edinburgh Journal of Botany 68: 199-224.
  • Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-list: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India Nelumbo 54: 39-91.
  • Miller, A.G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of Soqotra Archipelago: 1-759. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
  • Mosti, S., Raffaelli, M. & Tardelli, M. (2012). Contributions to the flora of central-southern Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman) Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 67: 65-91.
  • Musselman, L.J. (2011). Checklist of Plants of Lebanon and Syria http://ww2.odu.edu/~lmusselm/plant/lebsyria/Checklist%20of%20Lebanon%20Plants.pdf.
  • Quézel, P. (1958). Mission Botanique au Tibesti: 1-357. Université d'Alger.
  • Rechinger, K.H. (1986). Flora Iranica 160: 1-11. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Shaheen, H., Qureshi, R., Akram, A., Gulfraz, M. & Potter, D. (2014). A preliminary floristic checklist of Thal desert Punjab, Pakistan Pakistn Journal of Botany 46: 13-18.
  • Thiombiano, A., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Ouédraogo, A., Hahn, K. & Zizka, G. (2012). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso Boissiera 65: 1-391.
  • Townsend, C.C. (1974). Flora of Iraq 3: 1-662. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
  • Yakovlev, G.P., Sytin, A.K. & Roskov, Y.R. (1996). Legumes of Northern Eurasia. A checklist: 1-724. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of Somalia

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Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
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  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible

    ColPlantA 2021. Published on the Internet at http://colplanta.org
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    Flora Zambesiaca
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    Flora of Somalia
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • International Legume Database and Information Service

    International Legume Database and Information Service (ILDIS) V10.39 Nov 2011
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    Copyright applied to individual images

  • Plants and People Africa

    Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    ColPlantA database
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0