Family:
Fabaceae Lindl.
Genus:
Sophora L.

Sophora tomentosa L.

This species is accepted, and its native range is Tropics & Subtropics. It is has environmental uses, as animal food, a poison and a medicine and for food.

[CPLC]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Colombia

[UPFC]
Distribution
Native to Colombia.
Conservation
IUCN Red List Assessment (2021): LC.

[ILDIS]

International Legume Database and Information Service

Conservation
Not Threatened
Morphology General Habit
Perennial, Not climbing, Shrub/Tree
Vernacular
Ambotrimorona, Bois Chapelet, Coast Sophora, Firitsoka, Fotsiavadikaranto, Herbe Chapelet, Kau Ni Yalewa, Kofai, Latapiso, Manganrava, Micar, Moodoomoroonga, Mudumurunga, Pofatu-aoao, Potu-avao, Sea-coast Laburnum, Tsipolahina

[FTEA]

Leguminosae, J. B. Gillett, R. M. Polhill & B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1971

Morphology General Habit
Shrub 1–3 m. high.
Morphology Branches
Young branches, petioles, leaf-rhachides and under-surface of leaflets, inflorescences and calyces ± densely white or grey puberulous to tomentose; upper surface of leaflets densely puberulous or pubescent when young but glabrescent later.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves with petiole and rhachis together 7–25 cm. long and with (4–)5–7(–9) pairs of leaflets; lateral leaflets broadly elliptic to suborbicular, up to 4 cm. long and 3 cm. wide, asymmetrical at the base with the distal side rounded and the proximal side ± cuneate, rounded at the apex; terminal leaflet slightly larger than the lateral ones, equal-sided and ± cuneate at the base.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers many in terminal racemes up to 25 cm. long; bracts linear, 3–5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels 5–10 mm. long; bracteoles apparently absent.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx campanulate, 4–6 mm. long, with 5 shallow teeth up to 1 mm. long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals yellow; standard 14–20 mm. long, 11–14 mm. wide, the limb cuneate and gradually narrowed below to a short broad claw; wings and keel about equalling or slightly shorter than the standard.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary densely ± appressed pubescent.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruits mostly developing 4–8 seeds.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds subglobose, ± 6–7 mm. long, brownish.
Distribution
As subsp. tomentosa, but with subsp. occidentalis (L.) Brummitt in West Africa, eastern South America and the West Indies

[UPFC]
Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Materials
Used as material.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.
Use Poisons
Poisons.

[ILDIS]
Use
Chemical products, Environmental, Medicine, Miscellaneous, Toxins

Native to:

Aldabra, Andaman Is., Aruba, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Bermuda, Bismarck Archipelago, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Cambodia, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Central African Repu, China Southeast, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Florida, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, India, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Jawa, Kenya, Laccadive Is., Leeward Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Maldives, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Northern Territory, Ogasawara-shoto, Panamá, Puerto Rico, Queensland, Samoa, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Society Is., South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Texas, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tubuai Is., Turks-Caicos Is., Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., Windward Is.

Introduced into:

Hawaii, Japan, Line Is., Mauritius, Pakistan, Rodrigues

English
Silverbush, Yellow Necklacepod

Sophora tomentosa L. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Apr 1, 2009 Gentry, A. [49488], Brazil K000892900 Yes
Nov 12, 2002 Klitgaard, B.B. [7], Brazil 62589.000 No
May 1, 1995 Souza, V. [85], Brazil K000892902 Yes
May 1, 1995 Souza, V. [346], Brazil K000892903 Yes
May 1, 1995 Souza, V. [346], Brazil K000892901 Yes
Jan 1, 1993 Amorim, A.M. [960], Bahia K000187958 Yes
Jan 1, 1993 Amorim, A.M. [960], Bahia K000187956 Yes
Oct 1, 1990 Pinheiro, R.S. [2165], Bahia K000187957 Yes
Apr 5, 1990 Leoni, L.S. [988], Brazil K000892909 Yes
Jan 1, 1990 Krapovickas, A. [43514], Brazil K000892907 Yes
Jan 1, 1989 Silva, J.M. [680], Brazil K000892908 Yes
Jan 1, 1986 Giordano, L.C. [12], Brazil K000892905 Yes
Jan 1, 1986 Martinelli, G. [11684], Brazil K000892906 Yes
Hunt, P.F. [2762], Solomon Is. 32393.000 No
Lewis, G.P., Brazil 48753.000 No
Lewis, Brazil 51564.000 No
Owens, S.J., USA 52824.000 No
Jack, W. [Cat. no. 5333], Malaysia K001120591 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 5333] K001120594 Yes
Telfair, C. [Cat. no. 5333], Mauritius K001120592 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 5333], Vietnam K001120593 Yes
Eiten, G. [6219], Brazil K000892904 Yes
Koorders, S.H. [26430], Jawa K000759741 Unknown type material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 5333] K001120590 Yes
Mori, S.A. [12139], Bahia K000187959 Yes
Klitgaard, B.B. [7], Brazil K000892910 Yes
Steenis, C.G.G.J.v. [9820], Sumatera K000759740 Unknown type material Yes

First published in Sp. Pl.: 373 (1753)

Accepted by

  • Balick, M.J., Nee, M.H. & Atha, D.E. (2000). Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize with Common Names an Uses: 1-246. New York Botanic Garden Press, New York.
  • Balslav, H. & Chantaranothai, P. (2018). Flora of Thailand 4(3.1): 221-371. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
  • Banks, R.C. (ed.) (1982). Wildlife and wildlife habitat of American Samoa 2: 1-151. U.S. Fisch and Wildlife services, Washington.
  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Brummitt, R.K. & al. (2007). Flora Zambesiaca 3(3): 1-258. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Castle, G.E. (1994). Flore des Seychelles Dicotylédones: 1-663. Orstom Editions.
  • D'Arcy, W.G. (1987). Flora of Panama. Checklist and Index. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 17: 1-328. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Du Puy, D.J., Labat, N.-N., Rabevohitra, R., Villiers, J.-F., Bosser, J. & Moat, J. (2002). The Leguminosae of Madagascar: 1-737. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Evenhuis, N.L. & Eldredge, L.G. (eds.) (2012). Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2011. Part II: plants Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 113: 1-102.
  • Fosberg, F.R. & Sachet, M.-H. (1987). Flora of the Gilbert Island, Kiribati, Checklist Atoll Research Bulletin 295: 1-33.
  • Fosberg, F.R. (1975). Vascular plants of Aitutaki Atoll Research Bulletin 190: 73-84.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Hallé, N. (1980). Les Orchidees de Tubuai (archipel des Australes, Sud Polynesie), suivies d'un catalogue des plantes a fleurs et fougeres des iles Australes Cahiers de l'Indo-Pacifique 2(3): 69-130.
  • Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera & C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2010). Manual de plantas de Costa Rica volumen V. Dicotiledóneas (Clusiaceae-Gunneraceae) Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 1-970. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Japan IIb: 1-550. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Kobayashi, S. & Ono, M. (1987). A Revised List of Vascular Plants Indigenous and Introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands Ogasawara Research 13: 1-55.
  • Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lock, J.M. & Ford, C.S. (2004). Legumes of Malesia a Check-List: 1-295. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lock, J.M. & Heald, J. (1994). Legumes of Indo-China a checck-list: 1-164. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-list: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Morat, P. & Veillon, J.-M. (1985). Contributions à la conaissance de la végétation et de la flore de Wallis et Futuna Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section B, Adansonia 7: 259-329.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Polhill, R.M. (1990). Flore des Mascareignes 80: 1-235. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Smith, A.C. (1985). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 3: 1-758. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Stevens, W.D., Ulloa U., C., Pool, A. & Montiel, O.M. (2001). Flora de Nicaragua Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: i-xlii, 1-2666. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Suzuki, M., Taufatofua, P. & Koyama, T. (2007). New records of plants from Tonga Makinoa, n.s., 6: 25-62.
  • Thaman, R.R. & Tye, A. (2015). Flora of Kiritimari (Christmass) atoll, Northern Line islands, Republic of Kiribati Atoll Research Bulletin 608: 1-73.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 10: 1-642. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Literature

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Sp. Pl.: 373 (1753).
  • —Baker f., Legum. Trop. Africa: 595 (1929) in part excl. syn. S. inhambanensis.
  • —Baker in F.T.A. 2: 254 (1871) in part excl. syn. S. inhambanensis.
  • —Brummitt & Gillett in Kirkia 5: 264 (1966).
  • —Polhill in F.T.E.A., Legum., Pap.: 44 (1971).
  • —Sim, For. Fl. Port. E. Africa: 46 (1909) in part excl. syn. S. inhambanensis.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Aké Assi, L. (2001). Flore de la Côte-d'Ivoire: catalogue systématique, biogéographie et écologie. I Boissiera 57: 1-396.
  • Ananda Rao, T. & Ellis, J.L. (1995). Flora of Lakshadweep islands off the Malabar coast, peninsular India, with emphasis on phytogeographical distribution of plants Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 19: 235-250.
  • Balick, M.J., Nee, M.H. & Atha, D.E. (2000). Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize with Common Names an Uses: 1-246. New York Botanic Garden Press, New York.
  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Berhaut, J. (1976). Flore illustrée du Sénégal 5: 1-658. Gouvernement du Sénégal, Ministère du développement rural direction des eaux et forêta, Dakar.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Castle, G.E. (1994). Flore des Seychelles Dicotylédones: 1-663. Orstom Editions.
  • Christopherson, E. (1935). Flowering Plants of Samoa Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 128: 1-221.
  • Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (2014-continuously updated). Atlas of Living Australia http://www.ala.org.au/.
  • Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
  • D'Arcy, W.G. (1987). Flora of Panama. Checklist and Index. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 17: 1-328. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Du Puy, D.J., Labat, N.-N., Rabevohitra, R., Villiers, J.-F., Bosser, J. & Moat, J. (2002). The Leguminosae of Madagascar: 1-737. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Evenhuis, N.L. & Eldredge, L.G. (eds.) (2012). Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2011. Part II: plants Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 113: 1-102.
  • Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe Bothalia, A Journal of Botanical Research 41: 41-82.
  • Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-continuously updated). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.
  • Fosberg, F.R. & Sachet, M.-H. (1987). Flora of the Gilbert Island, Kiribati, Checklist Atoll Research Bulletin 295: 1-33.
  • Fosberg, F.R. (1957). The Maldive islands, Indian Ocean Atoll Research Bulletin 58: 1-37.
  • Fosberg, F.R. (1975). Vascular plants of Aitutaki Atoll Research Bulletin 190: 73-84.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Guillaumin, A. (1948). Compendium de la Flore Phanérogamique des Nouvelles Hébrides Annales de l'Institut Botanico-Geologique de Marseille, VI, 5-6: 1-56.
  • Hallé, N. (1980). Les Orchidees de Tubuai (archipel des Australes, Sud Polynesie), suivies d'un catalogue des plantes a fleurs et fougeres des iles Australes Cahiers de l'Indo-Pacifique 2(3): 69-130.
  • Hammel, B.E., Grayum, M.H., Herrera & C. & Zamora, N. (eds.) (2010). Manual de plantas de Costa Rica volumen V. Dicotiledóneas (Clusiaceae-Gunneraceae) Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 119: 1-970. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Isely, D. (1998). Native and Naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States: 1-1007. Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Japan IIb: 1-550. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Kobayashi, S. & Ono, M. (1987). A Revised List of Vascular Plants Indigenous and Introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands Ogasawara Research 13: 1-55.
  • Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lock, J.M. & Ford, C.S. (2004). Legumes of Malesia a Check-List: 1-295. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lock, J.M. & Heald, J. (1994). Legumes of Indo-China a checck-list: 1-164. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-list: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Morat, P. & Veillon, J.-M. (1985). Contributions à la conaissance de la végétation et de la flore de Wallis et Futuna Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section B, Adansonia 7: 259-329.
  • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Polhill, R.M. (1990). Flore des Mascareignes 80: 1-235. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
  • Smith, A.C. (1985). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 3: 1-758. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
  • Stevens, W.D., Ulloa U., C., Pool, A. & Montiel, O.M. (2001). Flora de Nicaragua Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: i-xlii, 1-2666. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Suzuki, M., Taufatofua, P. & Koyama, T. (2007). New records of plants from Tonga Makinoa, n.s., 6: 25-62.
  • Thaman, R.R. & Tye, A. (2015). Flora of Kiritimari (Christmass) atoll, Northern Line islands, Republic of Kiribati Atoll Research Bulletin 608: 1-73.
  • Turner, I.M., Xing, F. & Corlett, R.T. (2000). An annotated check-list of the vascular plants of the South China Sea and its shores The Raffles bulletin of Zoology, Suppl. 8: 23-116.
  • Villaseñor, J.L. (2016). Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
  • Welsh, S.L. (1998). Flora Societensis: 1-420. E.P.S. Inc. Utah.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 10: 1-642. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Bak. f., Leguminosae of Tropical Africa: 595 (1929), pro parte excl. syn.
  • Bak. in Flora of Tropical Africa 2: 254 (1871), pro parte excl. syn. S. inhambanensis.
  • Battiscombe & Dale, Trees and Shrubs of Kenya Colony p. 82 (1936).
  • Brummitt & Gillett in Kirkia 5: 264 (1966).
  • Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees and Shrubs p. 376 (1961).
  • J.P.M. Brenan, Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire no. 5, part II, Tanganyika Territory p. 443 (1949), pro parte.
  • L., Sp. Pl.: 373 (1753).
  • Taub. in Die Pflanzenwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete, Theile C: 203 (1895).
  • Yakovlev in Proc. Leningrad chem.-pharm. Inst. 21: 53 (1967).

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Cámara-Leret, R., & Dennehy, Z. (2019). Information gaps in indigenous and local knowledge for science-policy assessments. Nature Sustainability 2:736-741.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
  • Jansen, P., Lemmens, R., Oyen, L., Siemonsma, J., Stavast, F. & Van Valkenburg, J. (1991) Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Basic list of species and commodity grouping. Final version. Pudoc, Wageningen.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • RBG, Kew (ed.) (1999). Survey of Economic Plants for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (SEPASAL) database. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

International Legume Database and Information Service

  • Ambasta, S. P. (1986). The useful plants of India
  • Correll, D. S. & Correll, H. B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago. 1692pp J. Cramer
  • Dale, I. R. & Greenway, P. J. (1961). Kenya Trees and Shrubs
  • Du Puy, D. J. et al. (2002). The Leguminosae of Madagascar. RBG Kew.
  • Gillett, J. B. et al. (1971). Papilionoideae. In: Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Milne-Redhead & Polhill
  • Parham, J. W. (1972). Plants of the Fiji Islands
  • Parkinson, C. E. (1923). A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands
  • Proctor, G. R. (1984). Fl. Cayman Islands Kew Bull. Addit. Ser. XI
  • Robertson, S. A. (1989). Flowering Plants of Seychelles. Kew
  • Rudd, V. E. (1980). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 1:428-458 Fabaceae
  • Sauer, J. D. (1963). J. Seychelles Soc. 3:58-63 Geographic sketch of coastal plants
  • Thuan, N. et al. (1987). In: Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam, Vol. 23. P.
  • Verdcourt, B. (1979). A Manual of New Guinea Legumes. Office of Forests, Lae, PNG
  • Watt, J. M. & Breyer-Brandwijk, M (1962). Medicinal & Poisonous Plants of Southern & Eastern Africa
  • Welsh, S. L. (1998). Flora Societensis

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • International Legume Database and Information Service

    International Legume Database and Information Service (ILDIS) V10.39 Nov 2011
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    Common Names from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Living Collection https://www.kew.org/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2022. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    Copyright applied to individual images

  • Legumes of the World Online

    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0