Trigonella foenum-graecum L.

Native to:

Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan

Introduced into:

Albania, Algeria, Assam, Austria, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bulgaria, California, Central European Russia, China North-Central, China South-Central, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, India, Inner Mongolia, Italy, Kenya, Kirgizstan, Kriti, Krym, Kuwait, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Mali, Manchuria, Maryland, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, North Caucasus, North European Russia, Northern Provinces, Northwest European Russia, Oman, Palestine, Portugal, Qinghai, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, South European Russia, Spain, Sudan, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Authier, P. & Covillot, J. (2011). Catalogue actualisé des plantes de l'île de Rhodes (Grèce). Saussurea; Travaux de la Société Botanique de Genève 41: 131-170.
• Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2023). Flora of North America North of Mexico 11(2): 543-1108. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
• Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
• Ghazanfar, S.A. (2007). Flora of the Sultanate of Oman. volume 2. Crassulaceae - Apiaceae. Scripta Botanica Belgica 36: 1-220.
• Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
• Hong, D.Y. (ed.) (2019). Flora of Pan-Himalaya 19(6): 1-130. Science Press, Beijing. Cambridge University Press.
• ILDIS (2010-continuously updated). ILDIS - International Legume Database & Information Service http://www.ildis.org/.
• Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
• Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
• Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-List: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Milgahid, A.M. (1989). Flora of Saudi Arabia, ed. 3, 2: 1-282. University Libraries, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
• Nikitin, V.V. (ed.) (1949). Flora Turkmenii 4: 1-364. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
• Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
• Pope, G.V., Polhill, R.N. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2003). Flora Zambesiaca 3(7): 1-274. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Rechinger, K.H. & al. (1984). Papilionaceae II. Flora Iranica 157: 1-499. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
• Singh, A. (2012). Exotic flora of the Chandauli district Uttar Pradesh, India: an overview. Indian Journal of Forestry 35: 79-84.
• Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
• Townsend, C.C. (1974). Flora of Iraq 3: 1-662. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
• Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
• Verloove, F. & Heyneman, G. (2012). Merkwaardige plantencollecties van twee antropogene zaadbanken in Gent (Oost-Vlaanderen, België). Dumortiera 100: 19-24.
• Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 10: 1-642. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
• Yakovlev, G.P., Sytin, A.K. & Roskov, Y.R. (1996). Legumes of Northern Eurasia. A checklist: 1-724. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Rui, C. (eds.) (2019). Flora Intramongolica, edition 3, 3: 1-513. Typis Intramongolicae popularis, Huhhot.
• Zhu, X.Y., Zhang, R.P. & He, Y.L. (eds.) (2021). An inventory of legume species diversity of Myanmar: 1-297. China Minzu university press.

Kew Backbone Distributions

• Authier, P. & Covillot, J. (2011). Catalogue actualisé des plantes de l'île de Rhodes (Grèce). Saussurea; Travaux de la Société Botanique de Genève 41: 131-170.
• Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2023). Flora of North America North of Mexico 11(2): 543-1108. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
• Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
• Ghazanfar, S.A. (2007). Flora of the Sultanate of Oman. volume 2. Crassulaceae - Apiaceae. Scripta Botanica Belgica 36: 1-220.
• Greuter, W., Burdet, H.M. & Long, G. (eds.) (1989). Med-checklist 4: 1-458. Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de la Ville de Genève.
• ILDIS (2010-continuously updated). ILDIS - International Legume Database & Information Service http://www.ildis.org/.
• Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
• Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-List: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
• Pope, G.V., Polhill, R.N. & Martins, E.S. (eds.) (2003). Flora Zambesiaca 3(7): 1-274. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Rechinger, K.H. & al. (1984). Papilionaceae II. Flora Iranica 157: 1-499. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
• Smith, A.C. (1985). Flora Vitiensis Nova. A new flora for Fiji (Spermatophytes only) 3: 1-758. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai.
• Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
• Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
• Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 10: 1-642. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
• Yakovlev, G.P., Sytin, A.K. & Roskov, Y.R. (1996). Legumes of Northern Eurasia. A checklist: 1-724. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of Somalia

• Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

International Legume Database and Information Service

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• Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). The Illustrated Flora of Britain & Northern Europe
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• Geideman, T. S. (1986). Opredelitel vysshikh rasteni Moldavskoi SSR, 3rd ed.
• Grossheim, A. A. (1941). In: Flora URSS Vol. 11. Mosqua, Leningrad. (Rus)
• Haslam, S. M. et al. (1977). A Flora of the Maltese Islands
• Healy, A. (1985). Standard common names for weeds in New Zealand
• Hess, H. E. et al. (0). Flora Der Schweiz, Band 2. Birkhauser.
• Heywood, V. H. & Ball, P. W. (1968). Leguminosae. In: Flora Europaea Vol. 2. ed. Tutin, T. G. et al.
• Jain, S. K. (1991). Dictionary of Indian Folk Medicine and Ethnobotany
• Kitamura, S. (1960). Flora of Afghanistan. Res. of Kyoto Uni. Exped. 1955: Vol. 2
• Komarov, V. L. (1945). Flora of the U. S. S. R. Vol XI (Engl. Translation 1972)
• Parham, J. W. (1972). Plants of the Fiji Islands
• Paris F. & al. (1976). Guide des fleurs sauvages. Neuchatel, Paris. (Fr)
• Pignatti, S. (1982). Flora Italica. Edagicole, Bologna.
• Quezel, P. & Santa, S. (1962). Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie et des regions desertiq. merid. 1
• Rasulova, M. R. (1978). In: Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR, 2nd ed. Vol. 5. Leningrad. (Rus)
• Rothmaler W. & al. (1988). Exkursionsflora fur die Gebiete der DDR und der BRD. Bd. 2.
• Saxena, H. O. & Brahman, M. (1994). The Flora of Orissa (Ranunculaceae to Fabaceae)
• Senaratna, L. K. (2001). A check list of the flowering plants of Sri Lanka. Colombo.
• Stace, C. (1991). New Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge Univ. Press
• Stancevicius, A. (1971). In: Lietuvos TSR flora, Vol. 4. Vilnius. (Lit)
• Thulin, M. (1983). Opera Botanica 68:1-223. Leguminosae of Ethiopia
• Townsend, C. C. & Guest, E. (1974). Flora of Iraq. Vol. 3. Baghdad.
• Vassilczenko, I. T. (1987). In: Flora Partis Europaeae URSS, Vol. 6. Leningrad. (Rus)
• Visyulina, O. D. (1954). Leguminosae. In: Flora URSR, Vol. 6. Kiev. (Ukr)
• Yakovlev G, Sytin A & Roskov Y (1996). Legumes of Northern Eurasia. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.