Asparagaceae
Drimia

Drimia altissima (L.f.) Ker Gawl.

First published in Bot. Mag. 27: t. 1074 (1808)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical & S. Africa. It is a bulbous geophyte and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Chad, Congo, Djibouti, DR Congo, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Free State, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan-South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Audru, J., Cesar, J. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1993). Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti. Flore Illustrée 2(2): 433-968. CIRAD, Départerment d'Elevage et de Médecine vétérinaire, Djibouti.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 2: 360-550. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Demissew, S. & Nordal, I. (2010). Aloes and other Lilies of Ethiopia and Eritrea, ed, 2: 1-351. Shama Books, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (1997). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 6: 1-586. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.: i-vi, 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Govaerts, R. (2000). World Checklist of Seed Plants Database in ACCESS D: 1-30141.
  • Manning, J.C. & Goldblatt, P. (2018). Systematics of Drimia Jacq. (Hyacinthaceae: Urgineoideae) in southern Africa. Strelitzia 40: 1-173. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
  • Stedje, B. & Kativu, S. (2023). Flora Zambesiaca 13(3): 1-57. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Stedje, B. (1996). Hyacinthaceae. Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-32.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1995). Flora of Somalia 4: 1-298. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Bolnick & Bingham, Common Fl. Zambia, 2nd ed.: 60 (2007).
  • Ker Gawl. in Bot. Mag. 27: t.1074 (1808).
  • Stedje in F.T.E.A., Hyacinthaceae: 19 (1996).
  • Stedje in Nordic J. Bot. 7: 665, figs.1,6,11 (1987);

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 2: 360-550. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
  • Stedje, B. & Kativu, S. (2023). Flora Zambesiaca 13(3): 1-57. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mt. Mulanje, Malawi. Scripta Botanica Belgica 34: 1-199.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 4, (1995) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Agnew, A.D.Q. & Agnew, S., Upland Kenya Wild Flowers, ed. 2: 319, t. 146 (1994).
  • Blundell, Wild Fl. E. Afr., reprint: 423, t. 247 (1992).
  • Ker Gawl. in Bot. Mag. 27, t. 1074 (1808).
  • Stedje in Nordic Journ. Bot. 7: 665, figs. 1a, 6k-p, 11b (1987).
  • Thulin, Fl. Somalia 4: 52 (1995).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Nov 1, 2008 Harvey, Y.B. [317] Cameroon K000580270 No
Aug 1, 2007 Etuge, M. [5453] Cameroon K000460335 Yes
Klug Hamburg, S. [228] Sudan K002198427 No
McClintock, A. [234] Nigeria K002198320 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [1137] Tanzania K002198528 No
Cansdale, C.S. [10] Ghana K002198307 Yes
Wickens, G.E. [2919] Sudan K002198429 No
Ash, J. [736] Ethiopia K002198448 No
Grimshaw, J. [94150] Tanzania K002198550 No
Deighton, F.C. [4736] Sierra Leone K002198293 Yes
Irwin, P.H. [501] Kenya K002198516 No
Semsei, S.R. [3931] Tanzania K002198535 No
Langdale-Brown, I. [1976] Uganda K002198499 No
Brown, R.C. [6999] Botswana K002198734 Yes
Eggeling, W.J. [E2838] Uganda K002198484 No
Krause, G.A. [s.n.] Guinea K002198309 Yes
Bally, P.R.O. [8390] Kenya K002198504 No
Longe, J. [45] Sudan K002198423 No
Bauer, P.J. [153] Cameroon K002198333 Yes
Hepper, F.N.; Morton, J.K. [A3062] Ghana K002198302 Yes
Gillett, J.B. [12632] Kenya K002198502 No
{Drège} [3527] South Africa K002199017 No
Robison, T. [1086] Tanzania K002198523 No
Langdale-Brown, I. [1891] Uganda K002198500 No
{Mrs Beccher} [16503] Kenya K002198508 No
Richards, H.M.; Arasululu, S. [26116] Tanzania K002198538 No
Parsons, A.C. [s.n.] Nigeria K002198312 Yes
Ash, J. [2399] Ethiopia K002198453 No
Burnett, G.F. [48/33] Tanzania K002198541 No
Smith, P.A. [2538] Botswana K002198739 Yes
Grimshaw, J. [931170] Tanzania K002198551 No
Scott Elliot, G.F. [8290] South Africa K002198752 Yes
Fourcade, H.G. [3530] South Africa K002199036 No
Hodge, W.H. [A-9] South Africa K002199022 No
Stolz, A. [1669] Tanzania K002198552 No
Lonest, A.P.D.; Onochie, C. [FHI18998] Nigeria K002198331 Yes
[Rutohuru]; [Ghesquieir [s.n.] Belgium K002198372 No
Scott Elliot, G.F. [5537] Sierra Leone K002198295 Yes
Burger, W. [2480] Ethiopia K002198445 No
Heath, A.; Heath, R. [2185] Botswana K002198746 Yes
[Nettdaws] [180] Uganda K002198494 Yes
Schweinfurth, G. [2789] South Sudan K002198425 No
Hall, J.B. [GC 43182] Ghana K002198299 Yes
Methuen (Lord) [225] Mozambique K002198679 Yes
Hepburn, I.D. [60] Nigeria K002198315 Yes
Fay, M.J. [4295] Central African Republic K002198382 No
Richards, H.M.; Arasululu, S. [26154] Tanzania K002198540 No
Lowe, J. [3260] Cameroon K002198381 No
Whyte, A.; Johnston, H.H. [s.n.] Malawi K002198688 Yes
Budderley, V. [27055] K002199038 No
Gillett, J.B. [15066] Ethiopia K002198436 No
Hazel, C. [440] Uganda K002198486 No
Polhill, R.; Paulo, S. [617] Kenya K002198520 No
Baum, H. [266] South Africa K002198749 Yes
Pollard, B.J., Wain [949] Cameroon K001480084 Yes
Merrett, L.; Vollesen, K.; Bidgood, S. [9448] Zambia K001573792 Yes
Merrett, L.; Vollesen, K.; Bidgood, S. [9448] Zambia K001573820 Yes
Fay, J.M.; Ngaindiro, S.; Feller, J.; Raymond, S.; Remy, N. [4590] Central African Republic K002198380 No
Richards, H.M. [11513] Tanzania K002198546 No
Gillett, J.B. [15066] Ethiopia K002198438 No
Timberlake, J. [4903] Mozambique K002198680 Yes
Oyewole, S.O. [500/160] Nigeria K002198328 Yes
Stolz, A. [1669] Kenya K002198511 No
Burger, W. [2323] Ethiopia K002198443 No
Meller, C.J. [s.n.] Malawi K002198681 Yes
Chandler, P. [1115] Uganda K002198492 No
Rowland [s.n.] Nigeria K002198332 Yes
Dyer, R.A. [2286a] South Africa K002199032 No
[J. Bequaut] [784] K002198371 No
Hedglin, F.L. [56555] Nigeria K002198327 Yes
Friis, I.; Bidgood, S.; Wanderfrash, M.; Gibre-Hiwot, G. [8294] Ethiopia K002198454 No
Oyewole, S.O. [811] Nigeria K002198310 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [4845] Tanzania K002198533 No
Timberlake, J. [4903] Mozambique K000545253 Yes
Spinage, C.A. [266] Central African Republic K002198383 No
Austermühle, H. [3] Namibia K002199028 No
Piffard, F. [64] Ethiopia K002198444 No
Etuge, M.; Barlas; Guedje; Simo; Edmondo, B. [5453] Cameroon K002198384 No
Lely, H.V. [P210] Nigeria K002198314 Yes
Meller, C.J. [s.n.] Malawi K002198683 Yes
Heath, A.; Heath, R. [2174] Botswana K002198738 Yes
Jaeger, P. [9566] Sierra Leone K002198291 Yes
Ash, J.W. [549] Ethiopia K002198452 No
Richards, H.M.; Arasululu, S. [26506] Tanzania K002198536 No
Lawton, R.M. [2113] Tanzania K002198537 No
Hepper, F.N.; Morton, J.K. [A3187] Ghana K002198301 Yes
Brunt, M. [2522] Nigeria K002198323 Yes
Werdermann, E.; Oberdieck, H.D. [1077] South Africa K002199027 No
Richards, H.M. [13141] Tanzania K002198544 No
Dalziel, J.M. [442] Nigeria K002198319 Yes
Heath, A.; Heath, R. [1602] Botswana K002198737 Yes
Piffard, F. [65] Ethiopia K002198442 No
Tweedie [520] Kenya K002198507 No
Richards, H.M.; Arasululu, S. [26506] Tanzania K002198532 No
Gilbert, M.G. [2537] Ethiopia K002198433 No
Van Rensburg, H.J. [145] Tanzania K002198548 No
Meneses, O.J.A. [999] Angola K002198748 Yes
Goyder, D.J.; Alves, T.; Massingue, A. [6037] Mozambique K000787756 Yes
{Christina skarpe} [S-300] Botswana K002198742 Yes
Meikle, R.D. [1065] Nigeria K002198326 Yes
[illegible] [91] Nigeria K002198311 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [6752] Ethiopia K002198440 No
Archbold, M.E. [77] Tanzania K002198534 No
Dawe, M.T. [999] Uganda K002198495 No
Heath, A.; Heath, R. [2185] Botswana K002198747 Yes
Longe, J. [82] Sudan K002198420 No
Haarer, A.E. [1232] Tanzania K002198522 No
Friis, I.; Aweke, G.; Rasmussen, F.; Vollesen, K.B. [2352] Ethiopia K002198446 No
Gillett, J.B. [12632] Kenya K002198501 No
Richards, H.M. [15515] Tanzania K002198553 No
Grimshaw, J. [931225] Tanzania K002198549 No
Gillett, J.B. [14090] Kenya K002198503 No
s.coll. [649] South Africa K002199019 No
Aglen [57] Sudan K002198421 No
Talbot, P.A. [736] Nigeria K002198322 Yes
Brown, R.C. [6999] Botswana K002198735 Yes
Stolz, A. [1669] Tanzania K002198555 No
Whyte, A.; Johnston, H. [s.n.] Malawi K002198687 Yes
Cheek, M.; Moutsambote, J-M.; Kami, T.; Ondambomo Didier. [15453] Congo, Republic of the K000617358 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [1137] Tanzania K002198527 No
Vigne, C. [3557] Ghana K002198304 Yes
Myers, J.G. [8392] Sudan K002198430 No
{Major E. J.;Lugard, C.} [558] Kenya K002198512 No
Osborne, J.; Matimele, H.; Mucaleque, P.; Tanleque, C. [JO 1288] Mozambique K000987118 Yes
Gillett, J.B. [15066] Ethiopia K002198437 No
Richards, H.M. [3497] Tanzania K002198539 No
Deighton, F.C. [4736] Sierra Leone K002198292 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [4680] Tanzania K002198531 No
Hepper, F.N.; Morton, J.K. [A3109] Ghana K002198303 Yes
Tothill, B.H. [T2583] Uganda K002198485 No
Faulkner, H.G. [1137] Tanzania K002198526 No
Austermühle, H. [3] Namibia K002199029 No
Young, J.D. [254] Nigeria K002198313 Yes
Hepper, F.N. [1765] Nigeria K002198325 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Malawi K002198685 Yes
Lambrecht, F.L. [449] Botswana K002198733 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] South Africa K002199024 No
Pole-Evans, I.B.; Erens, J. [1228] Kenya K002198506 No
Hodge, W.H. [A-27] South Africa K002199021 No
s.coll. [64] Ghana K002198306 Yes
Richards, H.M. [6563] Tanzania K002198505 No
{B. de Winter} [3620] South Africa K002199031 No
Laferrère, M. [17] Mali K002198287 Yes
Gilbert, M.G.; Gilbert, S.B. [1978] Ethiopia K002198449 No
Wickens, G.E. [1599] Sudan K002198418 No
Hepper, F.N.; Morton, J.K. [A3111] Ghana K002198300 Yes
Fourcade, H.G. [3530] K002199035 No
Daramola, B.O. [40531] Cameroon K002198335 Yes
Moggridge Esq, J.Y. [190] Kenya K002198518 No
Codd, L.E. [5696] South Africa K002199018 No
Bullock, A.A. [3477] Tanzania K002198543 No
[Capt's Speke]; Gra [702] K002198483 No
{Burchell} [4403] South Africa K002199033 No
Chuwa, S.; Macha, D. [3088] Tanzania K002198524 No
Migeod, F. [353] Cameroon K002198337 Yes
Hansen, O.J. [3256] Botswana K002198741 Yes
Chuwa, S.; Macha, D. [3088] Tanzania K002198525 No
s.coll. [6999] Botswana K002198736 Yes
Aké Assi, L. [8599] Cote d'Ivoire K002198297 Yes
Etuge, M.; Barlas; Guedje; Simo; Edmondo, B. [5453] Cameroon K002198385 No
Bamps [2479] Mali K002198286 Yes
Smith, P.A.; Dyer, R.A. [2538] Botswana K002198744 Yes
Buchanan, J. [473] Mozambique K002198682 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [6839] Ethiopia K002198434 No
Whyte, A. [s.n.] Malawi K002198686 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [D116] Ghana K002198305 Yes
Hutchinson, J. [2132] South Africa K002199034 No
Wallace, G.B. [401] Tanzania K002198547 No
Fuigeod [353] Cameroon K002198336 Yes
Langdale-Brown, I. [1892] Uganda K002198498 No
Meikle, R.D. [1065] Nigeria K002198324 Yes
{D. Van der ben} [1164] K002198370 No
s.coll. [649] K002199020 No
Friis, I.; Harris, T.; Hailu, A.; Getachew, E. [13766] Ethiopia K002198439 No
Osborne, J.; Matimele, H.; Mucaleque, P.; Tanleque, C. [JO1288] Mozambique K000569860 Yes
Smith, P.A. [2538] Botswana K002198743 No
Burbidge, K.G. [541] Sierra Leone K002198296 Yes
Smith, P.A. [2538] Botswana K002198740 Yes
Laferrère, M. [17] Mali K002198288 Yes
Andrews, F.W. [887] Sudan K002198428 No
[Sihvoner]; [Echartillo [326] Burkina Faso K002198298 Yes
Hodge, W.H. [A-21] South Africa K002199016 No
Hepper, F.N. [1922] Cameroon K002198334 Yes
[W. R. Shuson] [618] Ghana K002198308 Yes
Chipp, T.F. [59] Sudan K002198431 No
Laferrère, M. [17] Mali K002198289 Yes
s.coll. [608] South Africa K002199037 No
Dalziel, J.M. [385] Nigeria K002198321 Yes
Pearson, H.H.W.; Pillans, N.S. [5457] South Africa K002199023 No
Quarre [1336] K002198373 No
Soyaux, H. [s.n.] K002198374 No
Bjørnstad, I. [384] Tanzania K002198554 No
{Hill, Mrs. Brodhurst} [742] Kenya K002198510 No
Irvine, F.R. [3623] Nigeria K002198330 Yes
Mooney, H.F. [6752] Ethiopia K002198441 No
[J. H. Banne] [35] Gambia, The K002198285 Yes
Friis, I.; Aweke, G.; Rasmussen, F.; Vollesen, K.B. [1935] Ethiopia K002198447 No
Carson, A. [9/93] South Africa K002198751 Yes
Hepburn, I. [100] Nigeria K002198318 Yes
Langdale-Brown, I. [1975] Uganda K002198497 No
Richards, H.M. [3513] Tanzania K002198545 No
Scott, H. [341] Ethiopia K002198435 No
Aylmer, G. [22] Sudan K002198432 No
Ash, J.W. [549] Ethiopia K002198451 No
Kirk, J. [s.n.] Malawi K002198684 Yes
Bally, P.R.O. [6197] Kenya K002198509 No
Semsei, S.R. [Semsei 2978] Tanzania K002198530 No
Allen, C.E.F. [52] K002198750 Yes
Goyder, D.J.; Barker, N.; Clark, V.R. [7518] Angola K000508936 Yes
Oyewole, S.O. [500/580] Nigeria K002198329 Yes
Kamil, A.A. [1042] Sudan K002198426 No
Codd, L.E.; Dyer, R.Q. [4621] South Africa K002199026 No
Chandler, P. [1050] Uganda K002198493 No
Faulkner, H.G. [1178] Tanzania K002198529 No
Lynes, H. [103] Sudan K002198419 No
[Lilian] [[3432]] Nigeria K002198316 Yes
Chevalier [236] Mali K002198290 Yes
Gledhill, D. [386] Sierra Leone K002198294 Yes
Magogo, F.; Glover, P. [213] Kenya K002198517 No
[Michermou] [1150] Tanzania K002198556 No
Wickens, G.E. [1506] Sudan K002198422 No
Dawe, M.T. [999] Uganda K002198496 No
Scott Elliot, G.F. [8148] Tanzania K002198521 No
{Mrs. P. H. Irwin} [453] Kenya K002198519 No
Friis, I.; et al. [8294] Ethiopia K002198455 No
Hepburn, I.D. [110] Nigeria K002198317 Yes
Smith, P.A. [3570] Botswana K002198745 Yes
Bullock, A.A. [3477] Tanzania K002198542 No
Barnard, W.G. [71] South Africa Urginea epigea K000257358 Type Yes
Barnard, W.G. [71] South Africa Urginea epigea K000257359 Isotype Yes
Gillett, J.B. [15066] Ethiopia Urginea altissima K:SPC-02484.000 No
Polhill, R.; Paulo, S. [617] Kenya Urginea altissima K:SPC-05576.000 No
Wild, H. [3193] Zimbabwe Urginea altissima K:SPC-02481.000 No
Gillett, J.B. [14090] Kenya Urginea altissima K:SPC-02483.000 No
Meikle, R.D. [1065] Nigeria Urginea altissima K:SPC-29602.000 No
Bally, P.R.O. [8389] Tanzania Urginea altissima K:SPC-02482.000 No
Hepper, F.N. [1765] Nigeria Urginea altissima K:SPC-27429.000 No
Ash [736] Ethiopia Urginea altissima K:SPC-36414.000 No
Bally, P.R.O. [8390] Kenya Urginea altissima K:SPC-02485.000 No

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    • Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Plants and People Africa

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    • © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/