Liliaceae
Tulipa

Tulipa gesneriana L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 306 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is as a cultigen from Türkiye. It is a bulbous geophyte and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Türkiye

Introduced into:

Alabama, Baltic States, Bulgaria, Czechia-Slovakia, East European Russia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, Korea, Massachusetts, North Caucasus, Ohio, Romania, South European Russia, Spain, Switzerland

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

Kew's Tree of Life Explorer

Discover the flowering plant tree of life and the genomic data used to build it.

View the Tree of Life
PAFTOL

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Christenhusz, M.J.M., Govaerts, R., David, J.C., Hall, T., Borland, K., Roberts, P.S., Tuomisto, A., Buerki, S., Chase, M.W. & Fay, M.F. (2013). Tiptoe through the tulips - cultural history, molecular phylogenetics and classification of Tulipa (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 172: 280-328.
  • Czerepanov, S.K. (1995). Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (The Former USSR): 1-516. Cambridge University Press.
  • Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
  • Everett, D. (2013). The genus Tulipa Tulips of the world: 1-380. Kew publishing, Kew.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Maire, R. (1958). Flore de l'Afrique du Nord 5: 1-307. Paul Lechevalier, Paris.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Stalažs, A. (2024). List of vascular plants of Latvia (with Latvian names): 1-312. Dobele.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Urziceanu, M. & al. (2020). Updated list of non-native ornamental plants in Romania. Contributii Botanice Universitatea "Babes-Bolyai" din Cluj-Napoca 55: 59-82.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
  • Delipavlov, D. & Cheshmedzhiev, I. (eds.) (2011). Opredelitel na rasteniiata v Bulgariia: 1-590. Akad. Isd. Agrar. Univers. Plovdiv.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Ryabinina, Z.N. & Knyazev, M.S. (2009). Opredelitel sosudistykh rastenii Orenburgskoi oblasti: 1-757. Moskva: KMK.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Stalažs, A. (2024). List of vascular plants of Latvia (with Latvian names): 1-312. Dobele.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.
  • Urziceanu, M. & al. (2020). Updated list of non-native ornamental plants in Romania. Contributii Botanice Universitatea "Babes-Bolyai" din Cluj-Napoca 55: 59-82.
  • Zonneveld, B.J.M. (2009). The systematic value of nuclear genome size for "all" species of Tulipa L. (Liliaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 281: 217-245.

Kew Plants for Health

  • "Duke's Phytochem. & Ethnobot. Databases. (Duke, 1992-2016)"
  • "Int. Poisonous Plants Checklist (2008, Wagstaff)"
  • "World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)"
  • MPNS Import
  • US-FDA GSRS (2025)
  • WHODrug Herbal Substances 2025

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
s.coll. K003947153 Yes
s.coll. K003947130 No
Becker, A. [s.n.] Russia K003945295 Yes
s.coll. K003947186 Yes
s.coll. K003947189 Yes
s.coll. K003947179 Yes
Steven [s.n.] Russia K003945292 Yes
s.coll. K003947184 Yes
s.coll. K003947149 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K000844390 Unknown Type Material Yes
[Anthers] Ireland K003947172 Yes
s.coll. K003947205 Yes
Krelage [s.n.] K000844389 Unknown Type Material Yes
Barr [s.n.] K000844396 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. K003947193 Yes
s.coll. K003947154 Yes
Wulff, E.V.; Dzevanosky, S. [s.n.] Russia K003945293 Yes
s.coll. K003947178 Yes
s.coll. K003947195 Yes
Barr [s.n.] K000844393 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. K003947202 Yes
s.coll. K003947145 Yes
s.coll. K003947152 Yes
s.coll. K003947151 Yes
s.coll. K003947150 Yes
s.coll. K003947146 Yes
s.coll. K003947198 Yes
s.coll. K003947177 Yes
s.coll. K003947197 Yes
s.coll. K003947147 Yes
Barr [s.n.] K000844387 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. K003947131 No
Hartland, W.B. Ireland K003947181 Yes
s.coll. K003947194 Yes
s.coll. K003947182 Yes
s.coll. K003947204 Yes
Bogdan, V. [s.n.] Russia K003945301 Yes
s.coll. K003947217 Yes
s.coll. K003947201 Yes
[HK] [s.n.] Russia K003945299 Yes
s.coll. K003947174 Yes
s.coll. K003947216 Yes
s.coll. K003947203 Yes
s.coll. K003947135 No
Prescott [s.n.] Russia K003945297 Yes
s.coll. K003947187 Yes
Barr [s.n.] K000844394 Unknown Type Material Yes
[C. Des Moulins] K003947183 Yes
Prescot [s.n.] Russia K003945298 Yes
s.coll. K003947192 Yes
s.coll. K003947180 Yes
s.coll. K003947173 Yes
Barr [s.n.] K000844395 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. K003947175 Yes
s.coll. K003947133 No
s.coll. K003947134 No
s.coll. K003947196 Yes
Frías, J.J. [s.n.] Spain K003945246 Yes
Barrows K003947176 Yes
Hooker, J.D. K003947199 Yes
s.coll. K003947148 Yes
Noskov, A. [s.n.] Russia K003946928 Yes
s.coll. K003947190 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K000844391 Unknown Type Material Yes
Loder, E.G. [s.n.] K000844388 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. K003947188 Yes
s.coll. K003947155 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K000844392 Unknown Type Material Yes
Barrows K003947200 Yes
s.coll. K003947132 No
Callier, A. [741] Russia K003945300 Yes
s.coll. K003947185 Yes
s.coll. K003947191 Yes
Prescot [s.n.] Russia K003945296 Yes
s.coll. K003947171 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Russia K003945294 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa scabriscapa K003945195 Yes
[G. Ematter]; [M. Rojacom] [331] Italy Tulipa scabriscapa K003945194 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa scabriscapa K003945196 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa scabriscapa K003945197 Yes
Didier, E. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K000900754 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945221 Yes
Gandoger, M. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K000900756 Unknown Type Material Yes
Wolf, F.O. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945165 Yes
Wolf, F.O. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945174 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa didieri K003947143 No
s.coll. Tulipa didieri K003947142 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945175 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945215 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa didieri K003947144 No
Elwes [s.n.] Tulipa didieri K000900753 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945176 Yes
Jordan, A. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K000900755 Unknown Type Material Yes
Dammann [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945224 Yes
Grabmayr, V. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945211 Yes
Huguenin, A. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945210 Yes
Jordan, A.; Bourgeau, E. [20] France Tulipa didieri K003945212 Yes
Didier, E.; Dauphinoise, S. [3051] France Tulipa didieri K003945218 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945172 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945223 Yes
Huguenin; Schultz, F. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945209 Yes
Perrie [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945213 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945169 Yes
Thomas [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945167 Yes
Thomas [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945166 Yes
Didier, E.; Dauphinoise, S. [3050] France Tulipa didieri K003945217 Yes
Wolf, F.O. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945170 Yes
Perrier; [Sougnez] [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945214 Yes
Perrier; [Soujeon] [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945219 Yes
[Wasley] [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945220 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945222 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945225 Yes
Huguenin, A. [s.n.] France Tulipa didieri K003945216 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945173 Yes
{Fauconnet} [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945168 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Switzerland Tulipa didieri K003945171 Yes
Ball, J. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945185 Yes
Martelli, U. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945187 Yes
Martelli, U. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945186 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945183 Yes
Levier, E. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945179 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945182 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945180 Yes
Levier, E. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945178 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945181 Yes
Levier, E.; [Rojeono, M.] [238] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945177 Yes
Levier, E. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945188 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa fransoniana K003945184 Yes
Ingham, J.S. Iran Tulipa montana K001612290 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Tulipa mauritiana K003945162 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Tulipa mauritiana K003945163 Yes
[Gomallu masaeono] [s.n.] Italy Tulipa connivens K003945193 Yes
Martelli, U. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa connivens K003945191 Yes
Martelli, U. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa connivens K003945192 Yes
Martelli, U. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa lurida K003945190 Yes
Martelli, U.; Churchill, G.C. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa lurida K003945189 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947164 Yes
Sykes [s.n.] Iran Tulipa pubescens K003946137 No
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947169 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947162 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947167 Yes
Sykes [s.n.] Tulipa pubescens K003946135 No
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947170 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947166 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947165 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947168 Yes
Sykes [s.n.] Tulipa pubescens K003946136 No
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947163 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa pubescens K003947161 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa spathulata K003945205 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa spathulata K003945206 Yes
Levier, E. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa spathulata K003945207 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa spathulata K003945204 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa spathulata K003945208 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Tulipa platystigma K003945161 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Tulipa platystigma K003945160 Yes
Levier, E. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata K000900752 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. Tulipa elegans K003947159 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa elegans K003947160 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa viridiflora K003947220 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa viridiflora K003947221 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa viridiflora K003947219 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa viridiflora K003947218 Yes
Levier, E. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa sommieri K000900751 Unknown Type Material Yes
Groves, A. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945243 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945241 Yes
Caruel, T. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945240 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945244 Yes
[Fry. Long] [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945237 Yes
Groves, A. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945245 Yes
Groves, A. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945235 Yes
Groves, H. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945239 Yes
Martelli, U. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945234 Yes
Groves, A. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945242 Yes
Groves, A. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945238 Yes
Martelli, U. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa strangulata var. variopicta K003945236 Yes
Martelli, U. [s.n.] Italy Tulipa etrusca K003945198 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa vitellina K003947222 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa vitellina K003947223 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Tulipa billietiana K003945155 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Tulipa billietiana K003945152 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Tulipa billietiana K003945153 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] France Tulipa billietiana K003945154 Yes
France Tulipa billietiana K000518091 Yes
[Gosty] [s.n.] Tulipa billietiana K003945156 Yes
[Puget] [s.n.] France Tulipa billietiana K003945157 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa fulgens K003947158 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa fulgens K003947157 Yes
s.coll. Tulipa fulgens K003947156 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2026. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2026. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images