Lawsonia inermis L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 340 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is NE. Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula, S. Pakistan to India. It is a shrub or tree and grows primarily in the subtropical biome. It is used as animal food, a poison, a medicine and invertebrate food, has environmental uses and social uses and for fuel and food.

Distribution

Native to:

Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Oman, Pakistan, Panamá, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Tanzania, Yemen

Introduced into:

Algeria, Andaman Is., Aruba, Assam, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Benin, Burkina, Cameroon, Cayman Is., Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Haiti, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Jawa, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Maldives, Mali, Marianas, Mauritania, Mexico Southwest, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Netherlands Antilles, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Palestine, Puerto Rico, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tadzhikistan, Togo, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Turks-Caicos Is., Uganda, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Windward Is., Zaïre

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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PAFTOL

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Aké Assi, L. (2001). Flore de la Côte-d'Ivoire: catalogue systématique, biogéographie et écologie. I. Boissiera 57: 1-396.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Barooah, C. & Ahmed, I. (2014). Plant diversity of Assam. A checklist of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: 1-599. Assam science technology and environment council, India.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 1: 1-359. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Barthelat, F. (2019). La flore illustrée de Mayotte: 1-687. Biotope éditions.
  • Berendsohn, W.G., Gruber, A.K. & Monterrosa Salomón, J. (2009). Nova silva cusatlantica. Árboles nativos e introduciados de El Salvador. Parte 1: Angiospermae - Familias A a L. Englera 29-1: 1-438.
  • Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boutique, R. (1967). Flore du Congo du Rwanda et du Burundi, Lythraceae: 1-27. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Correa A., Mireya D. Galdames, Carmen Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. S. de Stapf (2004). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Panamá: 1-599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Exell, A.W. (1973). Angiosperms of the islands of the gulf of Guinea (Fernando Po, Príncipe, S.Tomé, and Annobon). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany 4: 325-411.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
  • Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Grierson, A.J.C. & Long, D.G. (2001). Flora of Bhutan 2: 1-1675. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Hammel, B.E. & al. (eds.) (2007). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, volumen VI, Dicotyledóneas (Haloragaceae-Phytolaccaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 111: 1-933. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Kalema, J. & Beentje, H. (2012). Conservation checklist of the trees of Uganda: 1-235. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Launert, E. (ed.) (1978). Flora Zambesiaca 4: 1-658. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.
  • Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India. Nelumbo 54: 39-91.
  • Mosti, S., Raffaelli, M. & Tardelli, M. (2012). Contributions to the flora of central-southern Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman). Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 67: 65-91.
  • Nasir, E. & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1970-1995). Flora of West Pakistan 1-131.
  • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Ovchinnikov, P.N. (ed.) (1981). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 6: 1-725. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
  • Pandey, R.P. (2009). Floristic diversity of Ferrargunj forest area in South Andaman. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 33: 747-768.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Polatschek, A. & Rechinger, K.H. (1968). Flora Iranica 51: 1-9. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
  • Santisuk, T. & Balslev, H. (eds.) (2014). Flora of Thailand 11(4): 499-666. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
  • Sikarwar, R.L.S. (2014). Angiosperm diversity assessment of Chitrakootthe legendary place of Vindhyan range, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 38: 563-619.
  • Singh, A. (2012). Exotic flora of the Chandauli district Uttar Pradesh, India: an overview. Indian Journal of Forestry 35: 79-84.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1993). Flora of Somalia 1: 1-493. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Verdcourt, B. (1994). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Lythraceae: 1-62.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of the Cayman Islands

  • L., Sp. Pl. 1: 349 (1753).

Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • —Koehne in Engl. Pflanzenr. Lythrac. 270, t. 59.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Aké Assi, L. (2001). Flore de la Côte-d'Ivoire: catalogue systématique, biogéographie et écologie. I. Boissiera 57: 1-396.
  • Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
  • Barooah, C. & Ahmed, I. (2014). Plant diversity of Assam. A checklist of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: 1-599. Assam science technology and environment council, India.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 1: 1-359. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulvert, Y. (1977). Catalogue de la Flore de Centrafrique 3: 1-89. ORSTROM, Bangui.
  • Boutique, R. (1967). Flore du Congo du Rwanda et du Burundi, Lythraceae: 1-27. Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. & Diniz, M.A. (2006). Plantas Vasculares e Briófitos da Guiné-Bissau: 1-298. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento.
  • Collenette, S. (1999). Wildflowers of Saudi Arabia: 1-799. National commission for wildlife conservation and development (NCWCD), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  • Correa A., Mireya D. Galdames, Carmen Correa A., M. D., C. Galdames & M. S. de Stapf (2004). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Panamá: 1-599. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
  • Correll, D.S. & Correll, H.B. (1982). Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Dassanayake (ed.) (1995). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon 9: 1-482. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. PVT. LTD., New Delhi, Calcutta.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Exell, A.W. (1973). Angiosperms of the islands of the gulf of Guinea (Fernando Po, Príncipe, S.Tomé, and Annobon). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany 4: 325-411.
  • Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
  • Garcia-Mendoza, A.J. & Meave, J.A. (eds.) (2012). Diversidad florística de Oaxaca: de musgos a angiospermas (colecciones y listas de especies), ed. 2: 1-351. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
  • Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
  • Grierson, A.J.C. & Long, D.G. (2001). Flora of Bhutan 2: 1-1675. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Hammel, B.E. & al. (eds.) (2007). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, volumen VI, Dicotyledóneas (Haloragaceae-Phytolaccaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 111: 1-933. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  • Kalema, J. & Beentje, H. (2012). Conservation checklist of the trees of Uganda: 1-235. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Launert, E. (ed.) (1978). Flora Zambesiaca 4: 1-658. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lisowski, S. (2009). Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée. Scripta Botanica Belgica 41: 1-517.
  • Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.
  • Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.
  • Mosti, S., Raffaelli, M. & Tardelli, M. (2012). Contributions to the flora of central-southern Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman). Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 67: 65-91.
  • Newman, M., Ketphanh, S., Svengsuksa, B., Thomas, P., Sengdala, K., Lamxay, V. & Armstrong, K. (2007). A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR: 1-394. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Ovchinnikov, P.N. (ed.) (1981). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 6: 1-725. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
  • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
  • Pandey, R.P. (2009). Floristic diversity of Ferrargunj forest area in South Andaman. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 33: 747-768.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1993). Flora of Somalia 1: 1-493. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Verdcourt, B. (1994). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Lythraceae: 1-62.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. G. Gilbert & M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • A. Engler & O. Drude, Die Vegetation Der Erde, IX, Pflanzenwelt Afrikas 3(2): 655, fig. 288 (1921).
  • A. Fernandes in Fl. Moçamb. 73: 3 (1980).
  • A. Fernandes in Flora Zambesiaca 4: 278, fig. 66 (1978)
  • Boutique, Flore du Congo Belge, du Ruanda et du Burundi, Lythraceae: 25 (1967).
  • Burkill, Dict. Econ. Prod. Malay Pen. (2): 1323 (1935).
  • Cufod., Enumeratio Plantarum Aethiopiae Spermatophyta (Supplement in Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux.) p. 611 (1959).
  • Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees and Shrubs p. 258, fig. 52 (1961).
  • Dalziel, Useful Pl. W. Trop. Afr.: 40 (1937).
  • Dar in Fl. W. Pak. 78: 5, fig. 1/A–C (1975).
  • F. W. Andr., The Flowering Plants of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 1:139, fig. 85 (1950).
  • Gilg in Die Pflanzenwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete, Theile C: 286 (1895).
  • Greenway in Bull. Imp. Inst. 39: 236 (1941).
  • H. Perrier, Fl. Madag. 147, Lythracées: 23, fig. 3/7–11 (1954).
  • J.P.M. Brenan, Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire no. 5, part II, Tanganyika Territory p. 294 (1949).
  • Keay in Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1:164 (1954).
  • Koehne in A. Engler & K. Prantl, Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 3(7): 15, fig. 6 (1891).
  • Koehne in A. Engler, Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 4:36 (1883)
  • Koehne in A. Engler, Das Pflanzenreich IV. 216:270, fig. 59 (1903).
  • L., Sp. Pl.: 349 (1753).
  • Laufer, Sino-Iranica, Publ. Field. Mus. Nat. Hist. Anthrop. Ser. 15(3): 334–338 (1919).
  • M.G. Gilbert in Fl. Eth., ined.
  • Matthew, Fl. Tamilnadu Carnatic 1, Mat: 218 (1981)
  • Matthew, Fl. Tamilnadu Carnatic 2, Illustr., t. 280 (1982)
  • Matthew, Fl. Tamilnadu Carnatic 3, 1: 609 (1983).
  • Meikle, Fl. Cyprus 1: 668 (1977).
  • R. O. Williams, Useful and Ornamental Plants in Zanzibar and Pemba p. 327, fig. (1949).
  • S.A. Robertson, Fl. Seychelles: 93, fig. 73 (1989).
  • Wealth of India 6: 47–50, t. 3 (1962).

Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

  • Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R., & Celis, M. (eds.). (2020). Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia. v1.1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dataset/Checklist. https://doi.org/10.15472/7avdhn
  • Burkill HM. (1995). The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols. 1-3. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vols 1-3.
  • Diazgranados et al. (2021). Catalogue of plants of Colombia. Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia project. In prep.
  • Diazgranados, M., Allkin, B., Black N., Cámara-Leret, R., Canteiro C., Carretero J., Eastwood R., Hargreaves S., Hudson A., Milliken W., Nesbitt, M., Ondo, I., Patmore, K., Pironon, S., Turner, R., Ulian, T. (2020). World Checklist of Useful Plant Species. Produced by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity.
  • FPI (2021). Food Plants International. https://fms.cmsvr.com/fmi/webd/Food_Plants_World?homeurl=https://foodplantsinternational.com/plants/
  • GBIF.org (2021). GBIF species matching tool. https://www.gbif.org/tools/species-lookup
  • GRIN (2021). Germplasm Resources Information Network from the United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.ars-grin.gov/
  • IUCN (2021). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org.
  • Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humbodlt (2014). Plantas alimenticias y medicinales nativas de Colombia. 2567 registros, aportados por: Castellanos, C. (Contacto del recurso), Valderrama, N. (Creador del recurso, Autor), Bernal, Y. (Autor), García, N. (Autor). http://i2d.humboldt.org.co/ceiba/resource.do?r=ls_colombia_magnoliophyta_2014
  • Jansen, P., Lemmens, R., Oyen, L., Siemonsma, J., Stavast, F. & Van Valkenburg, J. (1991) Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Basic list of species and commodity grouping. Final version. Pudoc, Wageningen.
  • Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS) v.10 (2021); http://mpns.kew.org/
  • PROTA (2021). Plants Resources of Tropical Africa. https://prota4u.org/database/
  • RBG, Kew (2021). Kew Economic Botany Collection. https://ecbot.science.kew.org/
  • RBG, Kew (ed.) (1999). Survey of Economic Plants for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (SEPASAL) database. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.
  • Ulian, T., Sacandé, M., Hudson, A., & Mattana, E. (2017). Conservation of indigenous plants to support community livelihoods: the MGU–Useful Plants Project. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 60:668-683.
  • Willis, K.J. (ed.) (2017). State of the World’s Plants 2017. Report. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Sep 1, 2009 Ellen, R.F. [25] Indonesia K000566227 Yes
Jan 1, 1976 Baron, R. [5332] Madagascar K000310555 Type Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K004332282 Yes
Burkill, J.H. [2828] Malaysia K004332293 Yes
{Mr. Hucks}; Hucks, H.P. [273] K004332466 Yes
Bakhuizen van den Brink [[7987]] Indonesia K004332311 Yes
Ament, J.; Magogo, F.C. [139] K004332446 Yes
Haarer, A.E. [1724] K004332476 Yes
Zimmermann, R. [45] Thailand K004332297 Yes
T.; P. [481] Malaysia K004332291 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004332298 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [15247] India K004332277 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K004332288 Yes
Sandeman, C. [2236] Brazil K001076513 Yes
Mathew, B.F. [6267] Kenya K004332423 Yes
Cunningham, A. [s.n.] Timor-Leste K004332302 Yes
Wood, J.J. [s.n.] India K004332279 Yes
Dalton, M. (Mrs) [17a] Kenya K004332424 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [20393] India K004332276 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K004332286 Yes
Mathew, B.F. [6750] Kenya K004332422 Yes
s.coll. [2F2] K004332455 Yes
Ambriansyah; Arifin [AA541] Indonesia K004332314 Yes
s.coll. [986] India K004332287 Yes
Haines, H.H. [2332] India K004332280 Yes
Tweedie [4024] K004332465 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004332313 Yes
Harker, K.W. [684] Uganda K004332441 Yes
Zimmermann, R. [143] Thailand K004332296 Yes
Lee, B. [S41822] Malaysia K004332319 Yes
Otik [3329] Malaysia K004332305 Yes
Bally, P.R.O. [B4716] K004332447 Yes
Walter, N.; Bangham, C.M. [614] Indonesia K004332304 Yes
Dedit, R. [s.n.] Senegal K000310554 Type Yes
Adamson, J. (Mrs.) [153] Kenya K004332420 Yes
Nģanģa, S.K. [127] K004332461 Yes
Otik [3329] Malaysia K004332306 Yes
Archbold, N.E. [1218] K004332473 Yes
Battiscombe, E. [253] K004332458 Yes
s.coll. [362] Philippines K004332312 Yes
Newbould, J.B. [6777] Kenya K004332430 Yes
Polhill, R.; Paulo, S. [673] K004332468 Yes
Hemming, C.F. [341] Kenya K004332433 Yes
Ament, J.; Magogo, F.C. [236] K004332449 Yes
Napper, D. [1242] K004332450 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Rawlins, S.P. [8922] K004332471 Yes
Wiriadinata, H. [263] Indonesia K004332322 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Kenya K004332439 Yes
Jaag, O. [460] Indonesia K004332315 Yes
Medley, K. [221] K004332464 Yes
Gillett, J.B. [13326] Kenya K004332429 Yes
Rich, H.H. [597] India K004332290 Yes
Teysmann [s.n.] Indonesia K004332310 Yes
Hardial [566] Singapore K004332294 Yes
Mathew, B.F. [6427] Kenya K004332421 Yes
Tombonirina; Ratovoson, F. [5] Madagascar K001935066 No
Henry, A. [8031] China K004332240 Yes
Newbould, J.B. [6933] Kenya K004332436 Yes
Nana [7397] India K004332274 Yes
Thailand K:SPC-70000.432 No
Padwa, S.H. [175] Kenya K004332432 Yes
Pintau, H. [SAN83696] Malaysia K004332321 Yes
Keith [6211] Malaysia K004332316 Yes
Dale, I.R. [K383] Kenya K004332431 Yes
Sedgwick, L.J. [5938] India K004332275 Yes
Bois, D. [573] Vietnam K004332300 Yes
Apostol [5920] Malaysia K004332317 Yes
Webber, C.W.; Battiscombe [618] K004332460 Yes
Bally, P.R.O. [16809] K004332456 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004332299 Yes
Goklin, T. [2041] Indonesia K004332309 Yes
van der Maesen, L.J.G. [1994] India K004332272 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004332303 Yes
Sedgwick, L.J. [5938] India K004332273 Yes
Luke, G.; Kabuye, C.; Robertson, A.; Mungai, G.; Mathenge, S.; Mwaikweki, C.; Mturi, J.; Abio, L.G. [TPR129] K004332463 Yes
[Njoroge Theisu] [17] K004332467 Yes
Powell, D.A. [411] Christmas Island K004332318 Yes
Sangai, G.W. [960] K004332453 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [10691] India K004332281 Yes
Newbould, J.B. [6990] Kenya K004332438 Yes
Ash [19] Ethiopia K:SPC-35563.000 No
Gilbert, M.G.; Kuchar, P. [5905] K004332469 Yes
Spjut, R.W. [3954] K004332452 Yes
Vaughan, J.H. [2515] K004332477 Yes
Rahayu, N.M. [98] Indonesia K004332320 Yes
Meyerhoff, E. [90M] Kenya K004332434 Yes
Wallace, G.B. [793] K004332478 Yes
Bally, P.R.O. [B1930] K004332448 Yes
Scott Elliot, G.F. [2323] K004332444 Yes
Scheffler, G. [189] K004332443 Yes
Balansa, B. [3857] Vietnam K004332301 Yes
Harker, K.W. [684] Uganda K004332440 Yes
Bally, P.R.O. [16809] K004332457 Yes
[Harmkh] [21578] India K004332271 Yes
Noordin, A.M. [A3201] Malaysia K004332307 Yes
Mortinier, M.J. [T254] Kenya K004332442 Yes
Kotschy [367] K000310559 Unknown Type Material Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Kanuri [12649] K004332462 Yes
Gisau [17] K004332470 Yes
Meyerhoff, E. [20-O] Kenya K004332435 Yes
Newbould, J.B. [6933] Kenya K004332437 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [5093] K004332472 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K004332284 Yes
Jeffery, G.W. [K182] K004332451 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [1501] K004332479 Yes
Mungai, G.M.; Mutangah, J.G.; Rucina, S.M. [15] K004332454 Yes
Procter, J. [3514] K004332475 Yes
Thomas. (Gebr.Denhardt) [201] K004332459 Yes
Rich, H.H. [743] India K004332285 Yes
Napper, D.M.; Kanuri [2084] K004332445 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] India K004332283 Yes
Gamble, J.S. [3019A] India K004332278 Yes
Gwynne-Vaughan, D.T. [329] Thailand K004332292 Yes
Salim bin Talip [A3202] Malaysia K004332308 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K004332295 Yes
Thomson, S. [168] India Lawsonia alba K004332289 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2109] Lawsonia alba K001115189 Unknown Type Material Yes
Newbould, J.G.B. [3259] Kenya Lawsonia alba K004332425 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2109] India Lawsonia alba K001115190 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gardner, H.M. [3155] Kenya Lawsonia alba K004332427 Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2109] Lawsonia alba K001115188 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2109] Lawsonia alba K001115187 Unknown Type Material Yes
s.coll. [Cat. no. 2109] Lawsonia alba K001115186 Unknown Type Material Yes
Gillett, J.B. [20189] Kenya Lawsonia alba K004332428 Yes
Newbould, J.G.B. [3310] Kenya Lawsonia alba K004332426 Yes

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