Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry

Native to:

Maluku

Introduced into:

Borneo, Caroline Is., Comoros, Gulf of Guinea Is., India, Madagascar, Seychelles, Tanzania, Trinidad-Tobago

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
• Byng, J.W. & al. (2016). Revision of Eugenia and Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from the Comoro archipelago. Phytotaxa 252: 162-184.
• Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
• Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Govaerts, R., Sobral, N., Ashton, P., Barrie, F., Holst, B.K., Landrum, L.L., Matsumoto, K., Fernanda Mazine, F., Nic Lughadha, E., Proença, C. & al. (2008). World Checklist of Myrtaceae: 1-455. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• Karthigeyan, K., Pandey, R.P. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2: 1-689. Botanical Survey of India. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change.
• Kitalong, A.H., DeMeo, R.A. & Holm, T. (2008). Native Trees Palau. A field guide: 1-236.
• Singh, V., Singh, P. & Dash, S.S. (eds.) (2021). Flora of India 9: 1-482. Botanical Survey of India.
• Soepadmo, E., swa, L.G., Chung, R.C.K. & Kiew, R. (eds.) (2011). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak 7: 1-450. Sabah forestry department. Forest research institute and Sarawak forestry department, Malaysia.
• Soh, W.K. & Parnell, J. (2015). A revision of Syzygium Gaertn. (Myrtaceae) in Indochina (Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam). Adansonia, sér. 3, 37: 179-275.

Kew Species Profiles

• Anon (2004). WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, Vol. 2: Flos Caryophylii. World Health Organization, Geneva.
• Banerjee, S., Panda, C. K. & Das, S. (2006). Clove ( Syzygium aromaticum L.), a potential chemopreventive agent for lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 27(8): 1645–1654.
• Cortés-Rojas, D. F., de Souza, C. R. F. & Oliveira, W. P. (2014). Clove ( Syzygium aromaticum): a precious spice.  Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 4(2): 90–96.
• Danthu, P. et al. (2014). The clove tree of Madagascar: a success story with an unpredictable future. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques 320(2): 83–96.
• European Medicines Agency (2011). Community Herbal Monograph on Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merill et L. M. Perry, floris aetheroleum (Final). European Medicines Agency (EMA)/ Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC).
• Kamatou, G. P., Vermaak, I. & Viljoen (2012). Eugenol - from the remote Maluku Islands to the international market place: a review of a remarkable and versatile molecule. Molecules 17: 6953-6981. MDPI.
• Katzer, G. (last modified 2008). Gernot Katzer’s Spice Pages: Cloves ( Syzygium aromaticum [L.] Merr. et Perry).
• Orwa C. et al. (2009). Agroforestree Database: A Tree Reference and Selection Guide (version 4.0) – Syzygium aromaticum.
• Svoboda, K. P., Svoboda, T. G. & Syred, A. (2001). A closer look: secretory structures of aromatic and medicinal plants. HerbalGram 53: 34–43. American Botanical Council.
• Ved, D. K. et al. (eds) (2002-2014). Traded Medicinal Plants Database: Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry. FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bangalore.
• de Guzman, C. C. & Siemonsma, J. S. (eds) (1999). Spices PROSEA: Plant Resources of South-East Asia 13. Backhuis Publishers, Leiden.

Kew Backbone Distributions

• Baksh-Comeau, Y., Maharaj, S.S., Adams, C.D., Harris, S.A., Filer, D.L. & Hawthorne, W.D. (2016). An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical 'hotspots'. Phytotaxa 250: 1-431.
• Byng, J.W. & al. (2016). Revision of Eugenia and Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from the Comoro archipelago. Phytotaxa 252: 162-184.
• Figueiredo, E., Paiva, J., Stévart, T., Oliveira, F. & Smith, G.F. (2011). Annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of São Tomé and Príncipe. Bothalia 41: 41-82.
• Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
• Singh, V., Singh, P. & Dash, S.S. (eds.) (2021). Flora of India 9: 1-482. Botanical Survey of India.
• Soepadmo, E., swa, L.G., Chung, R.C.K. & Kiew, R. (eds.) (2011). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak 7: 1-450. Sabah forestry department. Forest research institute and Sarawak forestry department, Malaysia.

Flora of Somalia

• Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin & G. Moggi [updated by M. Thulin 2008]