Rosaceae
Malus

Malus toringo (Siebold) de Vriese

First published in Tuinb.-Fl. 3: 368 (1856)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is China to Korea, Sakhalin to Japan. It is a tree and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Korea, Manchuria, Sakhalin

Introduced into:

Baltic States, Germany, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Ukraine, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Charkevicz, S.S. (ed.) (1996). Plantae Vasculares Orientalis Extremi Sovietici 8: 1-382. Nauka, Leningrad.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2014). Flora of North America North of Mexico 9: 1-713. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Gilman, A.V. (2015). New flora of Vermont. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 110: 1-614.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Japan IIb: 1-550. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Park, C.W. (ed.) in Lee, Yong No (2024). Flora of Korea 5a-2: 1-70. Kyo-Hak Publ. Co., Ltd.
  • Stalažs, A. (2024). List of vascular plants of Latvia (with Latvian names): 1-312. Dobele.
  • von Raab-Straube, E. & Raus, T. (eds.) (2024). Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 17. Willdenowia 54: 5-45.

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2024). www.phytoneuron.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/64PhytoN-Malustoringo.pdf. epublication.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Charkevicz, S.S. (ed.) (1996). Plantae Vasculares Orientalis Extremi Sovietici 8: 1-382. Nauka, Leningrad.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2014). Flora of North America North of Mexico 9: 1-713. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Gilman, A.V. (2015). New flora of Vermont. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 110: 1-614.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
  • Stalažs, A. (2024). List of vascular plants of Latvia (with Latvian names): 1-312. Dobele.
  • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2003). Flora of China 9: 1-494. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
  • von Raab-Straube, E. & Raus, T. (eds.) (2024). Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 17. Willdenowia 54: 5-45.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Expedition to Honshu (HONX) [55] Japan K001069071 Yes
May 1, 1950 Cavalerie, J. [3303] China Malus sieboldii K000758420 Type Yes
Malus sieboldii K:SPC-31523.000 No
Kirkham; Flanagan; Boyce [KFBX141] Korea, South Malus sieboldii K004257076 No
Lindquist, B.; Nitzelius, T. [s.n.] Japan Malus sieboldii K004257070 No
Malus sieboldii K:SPC-31533.000 No
Iwatsuki, K.; Fukuoka, N.; Naruhashi, N. [269] Japan Malus sieboldii K004257069 No
Malus sieboldii K:SPC-31525.000 No
Malus sieboldii K:SPC-31529.000 No
Malus sieboldii K:SPC-31528.000 No
Wilson, E.H. [6800] Japan Malus sieboldii K004257074 No
Wilson, E.H. [6774] Japan Malus sieboldii K004257073 No
Wilson, E.H. [9463] Korea, South Malus sieboldii K004257077 No
Wilson, E.H. [10372] Japan Malus sieboldii K004257072 No
Malus sieboldii K:SPC-31531.000 No
Wilson, E.H. [6799] Japan Malus sieboldii K004257075 No
Wilson, E.H. [7423] Japan Malus sieboldii K004257071 No
Kanai, H.; Ohashi, H.; Hasegawa, K.; Okubo, K. [9654] Japan Malus sieboldii K004257068 No
Wright, C.; Small, J. [s.n.] Japan Malus sargentii K004257079 No
Hodgson, C.P. [s.n.] Japan Malus sargentii K004257080 No
Albrecht [s.n.] Japan Malus sargentii K004257078 No

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • EBC Common Names

    • Common Names from Kew's Economic Botany Collection https://www.kew.org/science/collections-and-resources/collections/economic-botany-collection

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Kew's Living Collection Database

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images