Cleome gynandra L.

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Caribbean. Elevation range: 100–800 m a.s.l. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Atlántico, La Guajira, Magdalena, Santander.

Habit

Herb.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: savanna, artificial - terrestrial.

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit

Annual herb; stem glandular-puberulous to -pilose

Morphology Leaves

Leaves (3–)5–7-foliolate; leaflets up to 7 x 2 cm, obovate or elliptic, glandular-puberulous to subglabrous; petiole 3–11 cm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Sepals (1–)3–4 mm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Petals white or pale pink, (4–)10–20 mm long, subequal

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens 6, on up to 2 cm long androgynophore

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsules c. 40–100 x 2.5–7 mm (or broader in cultivated forms), glandular-pubescent to subglabrous; gynophore 1–2.5 cm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds 1–1.5 mm in diam., brown, with low transversal and longitudinal ridges.

Distribution

N1, 3; C1; S1, 2 widespread in Africa, also in Madagascar, the Seychelles, and in tropical and subtropical Asia, introduced in tropical America.

Ecology

Altitude range 10–540(–1850) m.

Vernacular

Darjo, gurian (Somali-N).

Note

The plants found on dunes in C1 (e.g. Thulin & Abdi Dahir 6710) are exceptionally small-flowered with sepals c. 1 mm long and petals c. 4 mm long. The cultivated form, which may have capsules up to 15 mm wide, has not been recorded from Somalia.

Capparidaceae, H. Wild. Flora Zambesiaca 1:1. 1960

Morphology General Habit

Glandular-puberulous or glabrescent annual herb c. 0.6 m. tall, sometimes becoming rather shrubby below.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves 5-foliolate or 3-foliolate above; leaflets 3–10 x 1–4.5 cm., narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, rounded or acute to acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, repand-denticulate or entire, glabrescent or glabrous; petioles up to 12 cm. long; petiolules c. 2 mm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence of terminal racemes with sessile or subsessile foliaceous bracts 3-foliolate below simple above; pedicels 1–2 cm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Sepals 2–4 mm. long, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, acute at the apex, glandular.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Petals white or rose-pink, 1–2 x 0.3–0.5 cm., with an oblong blade, rounded at the apex and narrowing abruptly into a claw rather longer than the lamina.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androgynophore

Androgynophore c. 2 cm. long, purplish or pinkish; filaments very slender, purplish or pinkish, 2.5–4 cm. long; anthers c. 2.5 mm. long, linear-oblong; gynophore 0.5–2 cm. long; ovary linear-oblong, glandular; style 1–2 mm. long, glabrous; stigma capitate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsule 3–15 x 0.4–1.2 cm., linear or linear-oblong, compressed, with many longitudinally anastomosing nerves, glandular or glabrescent, terminated by the persistent style.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds brown, numerous, c. 1.5 mm. in diam., rugose-reticulate.

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Naturalizada y adventicia en Colombia; Alt. 100 - 800 m.; Llanura del Caribe.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

No Evaluada

Capparidaceae, J. Elffers, R. A. Graham & G. P. Dewolf. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1964

Morphology General Habit

Annual herb, branched and rather stout, up to 1 m. tall.

Morphology Stem

Stem thickly glandular, more rarely varying to glabrous.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves petiolate, 3–7-foliolate; leaflets obovate to elliptic, commonly about 2.5(–6) cm. long, l.4(–3.2) cm. wide, usually rather sparsely hairy, but variable; petiole 3–11 cm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescence showy, up to 30 cm. long; bracts much smaller than the leaves.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Sepals ovate to lanceolate, up to 8 mm. long, glandular.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Petals 1–2 cm. long, white, pale pink or lilac.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androphore

Androphore 2–2.5 cm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynophore

Gynophore 1–2.5 cm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsules up to 12 cm. or more long, up to 8 mm. broad, glandular-pubescent.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds up to 1.8 mm. in diameter, dark brown, finely longitudinally striate with low or slightly cristate transverse ridges.

Figures

Fig. 3, p. 17.

Habitat

Waste, disturbed or cultivated ground, roadsides, perhaps wild on rocky shallow soil in deciduous bushland; 0–2400 m.

Distribution

K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7 P T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 throughout most of Africa, Madagascar and the Seychellesalso tropical Asia and America

Capparidaceae, Hutchinson and Dalziel. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1:1. 1954

Morphology General Habit

Herb, about 2 ft. high

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers white to purplish

Ecology

Weed of waste places and fields.