Epilobium tetragonum L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 348 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Macaronesia, Europe, Medit. to Central Asia and W. Himalaya. It is a perennial and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Descriptions

Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.

Vegetative Multiplication Rhizomes
Rhizome stout
Morphology Stem
Stems 10–75 cm tall, strigose, sometimes densely so, especially above, or glabrescent, with weakly elevated lines decurrent from the margins of the petioles
Morphology Leaves
Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 2–8 × 0.5–2 cm, serrulate, subsessile
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence usually white-canescent, rarely glabrescent, suberect before anthesis
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers 2.5–4 cm; petals very pale pink
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigma clavate, surrounded by the anthers at anthesis
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Capsule 3.5–6 cm
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds obovoid, brown, papillate, ± 1 mm, with a very short pellucid beak at the chalazal end.
Ecology
Mountain slopes; alt. 1400–1700 m
Phenology
Flowering and fruiting: Jun.-Aug.
Distribution
Lebanon, Turkey, Iran, Caucasus, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Baluchistan, and NW Himalaya to Kumaon. Rare, in upper forest zone of Iraq, near Turkish and Iranian frontiers.
[FIQ]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
  • Flora of Iraq

    • Ghazanfar, S. A., Edmondson, J. R. (Eds). (2013-2019). Flora of Iraq, Volumes 5.1, 5.2 and 6.0. Kew Publishing
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images