Lythraceae
Trapa

Trapa natans L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 120 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Old World. It is a hydroannual and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Albania, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Angola, Assam, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burkina, Buryatiya, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Central European Russia, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Congo, Czechia-Slovakia, DR Congo, East European Russia, East Himalaya, France, Gabon, Gambia, Germany, Greece, Guinea-Bissau, Hainan, Hungary, India, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Jawa, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Malawi, Manchuria, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nigeria, North Caucasus, Northwest European Russia, NW. Balkan Pen., Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Primorye, Romania, South European Russia, Sri Lanka, Sudan-South Sudan, Sumatera, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Türkey-in-Europe, Uganda, Ukraine, Vietnam, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Extinct in:

Spain, Sweden

Introduced into:

Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nansei-shoto, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Québec, Rhode I., Vermont, Virginia

Accepted Infraspecifics

Classification

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PAFTOL

Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
  • Barooah, C. & Ahmed, I. (2014). Plant diversity of Assam. A checklist of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: 1-599. Assam science technology and environment council, India.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1972). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 4: 1-657. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Ding, B. & Jin, X. (2020). Taxonomic notes on genus Trapa L. (Trapaceae) in China. Guihaia 40: 1-15.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2021). Flora of North America North of Mexico 10: 1-456. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Gilman, A.V. (2015). New flora of Vermont. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 110: 1-614.
  • Hadinec, J. & Lustyk, P. (2017). Additamenta ad floram Reipublicae Bohemicae. XV.. Zprávy Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 52: 37-113.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Jonsell, B. & Karlsson, T. (eds.) (2010). Flora Nordica 6: 1-298. The Bergius Foundaton.
  • Knapp, W.M. & Naczi, R.F.C. (2021). Vascular plants of Maryland, USA. A comprehensive account of the state's botanical diversity. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 113: 1-151.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Lebrun, J.-P., Audru, J., Gaston, A. & Mosnier, M. (1972). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Tchad Méridional: 1-289. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Ri͡abinina, Z.N. & Kni͡azev, M.S. (2009). Opredelitel sosudistykh rastenii Orenburgskoi oblasti: 1-757. Moskva: KMK.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
  • Vladimirov, V., Dane, F. & Kit Tan (2010). New floristic records in the Balkans: 13. Phytologia Balcanica 16: 143-165.
  • Werier, D. (2017). Catalogue of the Vascular plants of New York state. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 27: 1-542.
  • Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 13: 1-548. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
  • Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Rui, C. (eds.) (2019). Flora Intramongolica, edition 3, 3: 1-513. Typis Intramongolicae popularis, Huhhot.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Brenan in F.T.E.A. Trapac. (1953).
  • Hegi Ill. Fl. Mitteleuropa 5, 2: 884 (1925)
  • Sp. Pl. 120 (1753)

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
  • Aedo, C. & al. (2014). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/njb.00575. epublication.
  • Barooah, C. & Ahmed, I. (2014). Plant diversity of Assam. A checklist of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms: 1-599. Assam science technology and environment council, India.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Charkevicz, S.S. (ed.) (1995). Plantae Vasculares Orientalis Extremi Sovietici 7: 1-394. Nauka, Leningrad.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1972). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 4: 1-657. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Ding, B. & Jin, X. (2020). Taxonomic notes on genus Trapa L. (Trapaceae) in China. Guihaia 40: 1-15.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2012). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 4: 1-431. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2021). Flora of North America North of Mexico 10: 1-456. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Gilman, A.V. (2015). New flora of Vermont. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 110: 1-614.
  • Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (1999). Flora of Japan IIc: 1-328. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Litvinskaya, S.A. & Murtazaliev, R.A. (2013). Flora of the Northern Caucasus: An Atlas and Identification Book: 1-688. Fiton XXI.
  • Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.
  • Marhold, K. (ed.) (2012). IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 13. Taxon 61: 889-902.
  • Nasir, E. & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1970-1995). Flora of West Pakistan 1-131.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Peschkova, G.A. (ed.) (2006). Flora of Siberia 10: 1-314. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
  • Ri͡abinina, Z.N. & Kni͡azev, M.S. (2009). Opredelitel sosudistykh rastenii Orenburgskoi oblasti: 1-757. Moskva: KMK.
  • Santisuk, T. & Balslev, H. (eds.) (2014). Flora of Thailand 11(4): 499-666. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (eds.) (2023). Flore du Gabon 61: 1-114. Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris; Margraf Publishers, Weikersheim; Meise Botanic Garden.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
  • Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (ed.) (1955-1958). Flora Malesiana 5: 1-595. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Vladimirov, V., Dane, F. & Kit Tan (2010). New floristic records in the Balkans: 13. Phytologia Balcanica 16: 143-165.
  • Werier, D. (2017). Catalogue of the Vascular plants of New York state. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 27: 1-542.
  • Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2007). Flora of China 13: 1-548. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitteleuropa 5 (2): 884 (1925).
  • L., Sp. Pl. 120 (1753).

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jun 1, 2013 Niyomdham, C. [5275] Thailand K001045712 No
Jan 1, 2013 Kerr, A.F.G. [19710] Thailand K001045713 No
May 8, 1997 Fiori, A.; Béguinot, A.; Pampanini, R. [471] Italy K000742715 Type Yes
[J. Plapas] [s.n.] Austria K003883447 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003883493 Yes
Borges, A. [376] Angola K003883638 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003883481 Yes
Goldman, D. [4042] United States K003883669 Yes
Boros, A. [s.n.] Hungary K003883485 Yes
Schleicher [s.n.] K003883465 Yes
Lindsay, N. [919] Iran K003883497 Yes
Raciborski, M. [s.n.] K003883484 Yes
Braun, A. [s.n.] K003883483 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] Türkiye K003883494 Yes
Thomas [s.n.] K003883466 Yes
Hrabĕ, S. [s.n.] Czech Republic K003883475 Yes
Tedd, H.G. [1054] Greece K003883490 Yes
Aucher Eloy [4506] Iran K003883496 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [8824] Uganda K003883619 Yes
Frankfurt [s.n.] K003883478 Yes
Filarszky, F.; Kummerle, J.B. [861] Hungary K003883477 Yes
Podpera, J.; Fr. Kunovský [s.n.] Czech Republic K003883480 Yes
Gouan [s.n.] K003883473 Yes
Bethune, S. [155] Namibia K003883668 Yes
Procter, J. [1955] Tanzania K003883622 Yes
Podpera, J.; [Fr. Kurwosky] [1150] Czech Republic K003883479 Yes
Filarszky, F.; Kummerle, J.B. [s.n.] Hungary K003883476 Yes
Muret [s.n.] Switzerland K003883467 Yes
Haussknecht, C.; Schleicher [s.n.] Azerbaijan K003883492 Yes
Rotky, C. [s.n.] Austria K003883445 Yes
gebr. Sintenis [661] Türkiye K003883491 Yes
Spreitzenhofer [s.n.] Austria K003883446 Yes
[Tweedie] [[136]] France K003883482 Yes
Tedd, H.G. [1054] Greece K003883489 Yes
Vollesen, K.B. [MRC2834] Tanzania K003883621 Yes
Lindsay, N. [919] Iran K003883498 Yes
s.coll. [s.n.] K003883464 Yes
Hermann, F.J. [9867] United States K003883670 Yes
Richardson, J.; Livingstone, D. [s.n.] Uganda K003883618 Yes
Buckley, J.C. India K:SPC-16118.000 No
s.coll. [s.n.] Iran K003883499 Yes
Eggert, H. [s.n.] K003883486 Yes
Alston, A.H.G.; Sandwith, N.Y. [1100] Greece K003883488 Yes
Rechinger, K. [s.n.] Austria K003883444 Yes
Sykora, J. [s.n.] Czech Republic K003883474 Yes
Heath, A.; Heath, R. [1783] Botswana K003883636 Yes
Whitehead, J. [7190] Botswana K003883637 Yes
[Father Convads] [5894] Tanzania K003883620 Yes
Alston, A.H.G.; Sandwith, N.Y. [1100] Greece K003883487 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Plants and People Africa

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    • © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/