Orchidaceae
Gymnadenia

Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R.Br.

First published in W.T.Aiton, Hortus Kew. 5: 191 (1813)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Europe to N. & Central Japan. It is a tuberous geophyte and grows primarily in the temperate biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Albania, Altay, Amur, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Central European Russia, China North-Central, China South-Central, Chita, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East European Russia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Kuril Is., Manchuria, Mongolia, Nepal, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Romania, Sakhalin, Sicilia, South European Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Tuva, Ukraine, West Siberia, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Connecticut

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2005). Flora Iberica 21: 1-366. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
  • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
  • Curtis, T. & Thompson, R. (2009). The orchids of Ireland: 1-160. National Museums of Northern Ireland, Cultra, Holywood.
  • Eccarius, W. (2022). Die Orchideengattung Gymnadenia mit einem Exkurs zu Gattung Psedorchis : Phylogenie, Taxonomie, Morphologie, Biologie, Verbreitung, Ökologie und Hybridisation: 1-336. Selbstverlag der Verfasser.
  • G.I.R.O.S. (2009). Orchidee d'Italia: 1-303. Il Castello srl, Italy.
  • Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-71827. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Güner, A., Kandemir, A., Menemen, Y., Yıldırım, H., Aslan, S., Çimen, A.Ö., Güner, I., Ekşi, G. & Şen, F. (eds.) (2022). Resimli Türkiye Florası (Illustrated Flora of Turkey) 3a: 1-868. ANG Vakfı Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayınları. İstanbul.
  • Hassler, M. & Muer, T. (2022). Flora Germanica: alle Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands in Text und Bild 1: 1-864. Verlag Regionalkultur, Uberstadt-Weiher.
  • Kozhevnikov, A.E., Kozhevnikov, Z.V., Kwak, M. & Lee, B.Y. (2019). Illustrated flora of the Primorsky Territory, Russian Far East: 1-1124. National institute of biological resources.
  • Kühn, R., Pedersen, H.Æ. & Cribb, P.J. (2019). Field Guide to the Orchids of Europe and the Mediterranean: 1-430. Kew Publishing, England.
  • Lee, B.C. (2009). Rare plants data book of Korea: 1-296. Korea National Arboretum.
  • Marhold, K. (ed.) (2013). IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 16. Taxon 62: 1355-1360.
  • Mirek, Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa, H., Zając, A. & Zając, M (2020). Vascular plants of Poland an annotated checklist: 1-526. W. Szafer institute of botany, Polish academy of sciences, Krakow, Poland.
  • Nikolin, E.G. (2020). Opredelitel' vysshikh rasteniy Yakutii: 1-895. Moskva : Tovarishchestvo Nauchnykh Izdaniy KMK Novosibirsk "Nauka".
  • Rokaya, M.B. & al. (2013). An annotated checklist of the orchids of Nepal. Nordic Journal of Botany 31: 511-550.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Konspekt Flora Kavkaza 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
  • Wu, Z. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2009). Flora of China 25: 1-570. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  • Zhao, Y.Z., Zhao, L.Q. & Rui, C. (eds.) (2019). Flora Intramongolica, edition 3, 6: 1-619. Typis Intramongolicae popularis, Huhhot.

An alternative taxonomy had been proposed by the following authorities:

  • Eccarius, W. (2022). Die Orchideengattung Gymnadenia mit einem Exkurs zu Gattung Psedorchis : Phylogenie, Taxonomie, Morphologie, Biologie, Verbreitung, Ökologie und Hybridisation: 1-336. Selbstverlag der Verfasser. [Cited as Gymnadenia taquetii.]

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • (2023). https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.229.105457. epublication.
  • Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2005). Flora Iberica 21: 1-366. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
  • Rokaya, M.B. & al. (2013). An annotated checklist of the orchids of Nepal. Nordic Journal of Botany 31: 511-550.
  • Stace, C. (2019). New Flora of the British Isles ed. 4: 1-1266. C & M Floristics.
  • Wu, Z. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2009). Flora of China 25: 1-570. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Horsman, F. [2] United Kingdom K:SPC-52780.000 No
Mason, P.H. United Kingdom K:SPC-07633.000 No
Horsman, F. United Kingdom K:SPC-49274.000 No
Wood, J.J. [364] Italy K:SPC-40938.000 No
Collins, P.B. [83/007] United Kingdom K:SPC-46937.000 No
Draper United Kingdom K:SPC-07158.000 No
Frost, R. [s.n.] United Kingdom K:SPC-72790.000 No
Sayers, D. [08/10/1107] Austria K:SPC-01392.000 No
Gilbert, M. United Kingdom K:SPC-01397.000 No
Smith, A.R. [650612/7] United Kingdom K000970110 Yes
Meikle, R.D. Ireland K:SPC-01387.000 No
Taquet, E.J. [1640] Korea K000796360 Unknown Type Material Yes
Summerhayes, V.S. [2260] United Kingdom K:SPC-01390.000 No
Hall, P.M. United Kingdom K:SPC-01399.000 No
Chesterman, D. [81] Italy K:SPC-45377.000 No
Sladen, W.J.L. [16/17/214] YU K:SPC-24832.000 No
Wood, J.J. [534] France K:SPC-45915.000 No
Draper, J.C. United Kingdom K:SPC-19387.000 No
Matthews, P. France K:SPC-61596.000 No
K:SPC-71802.000 No
Verdcourt, B. [5431C] United Kingdom K:SPC-45034.000 No
United Kingdom K:SPC-36171.000 No
Mountfort, C.C. United Kingdom K:SPC-21591.000 No
United Kingdom K:SPC-28166.000 No
Abbot-Anderson, M. United Kingdom K:SPC-21590.000 No
McCallum Webster, M. United Kingdom K:SPC-30575.000 No
Grose, D. United Kingdom K:SPC-25264.000 No
Summerhayes, V.S. [1716] United Kingdom K:SPC-18501.000 No
Webster, M. United Kingdom K:SPC-34547.000 No
Horsman, F. [4] United Kingdom K:SPC-52774.000 No
Sandwith, N.Y. [4976] Spain K:SPC-01400.000 No
K:SPC-70690.000 No
Allison, G.H. United Kingdom K:SPC-22548.000 No
Drapes United Kingdom K:SPC-14599.000 No
Hunt, P.F. [1435] United Kingdom K:SPC-06718.000 No
Yeo, P. United Kingdom K:SPC-29970.000 No
Chase [34971a-b] K:SPC-78456.000 No
Fay, M.F. [MFF 153] K000364647 Yes
Horsman, F. United Kingdom K:SPC-52133.000 No
Milne-Redhead, E. [12299] France K:SPC-01395.000 No
United Kingdom K:SPC-22547.000 No
Milne-Redhead, E. [2285] Austria K:SPC-01394.000 No
Horsman, F. [1] United Kingdom K:SPC-52783.000 No
Sykes, J.M. Ireland K:SPC-33212.000 No
Bruce, E.A. United Kingdom K:SPC-08494.000 No
Sandeman, C. [2] France K:SPC-01393.000 No
Hall, P.M. United Kingdom K:SPC-01391.000 No
Angel, T.H. United Kingdom K:SPC-22549.000 No
Sayers, D. [05/40/18] Austria K:SPC-01389.000 No
Jermy, A.C. [1172] Sweden K:SPC-23058.000 No
United Kingdom K:SPC-26191.000 No
Burtt, B.L. [B206] United Kingdom K:SPC-01388.000 No
Hubbard, C.E. United Kingdom K:SPC-10502.000 No
Wainwright, M. [s.n.] United Kingdom K:SPC-56437.000 No
Chesterman, D. [82] Italy K:SPC-45375.000 No
Grieve United Kingdom K:SPC-23056.000 No
Summerhayes, V.S. [1929] United Kingdom K:SPC-01398.000 No
Chesterman, D. [83] Italy K:SPC-45376.000 No
Sandeman, C. [3] France K:SPC-01396.000 No
Barneby, T.P. [33] Switzerland K:SPC-31586.000 No
McCallum Webster, M. United Kingdom K:SPC-30588.000 No
Tourchaninoff [s.n.] Russia Gymnadenia sibirica K001368864 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Living Collection Database

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Orchideae: e-monocot.org

    • All Rights Reserved