Rhopaloblaste ledermanniana Becc.

Native to:

New Guinea

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Baker, W.J., Barfod, A.S., Cámara-Leret, R., Dowe, J.L., Heatubun, C.D., Petoe, P., Turner, J.H., Zona, S. & Dransfield, J. (2024). Palms of New Guinea: 1-726. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond.
• Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Kew Backbone Distributions

• Baker, W.J., Barfod, A.S., Cámara-Leret, R., Dowe, J.L., Heatubun, C.D., Petoe, P., Turner, J.H., Zona, S. & Dransfield, J. (2024). Palms of New Guinea: 1-726. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond.

Palms of New Guinea

• Alamgir, M., Sloan, S., Campbell, M.J., Engert, J., Kiele, R., Porolak, G., Mutton, T., Brenier, A., Ibisch, P.L. & Laurance, W.F. (2019) Infrastructure expansion challenges sustainable development in Papua New Guinea. PLoS ONE 14: e0219408.
• Alapetite, E., Baker, W.J. & Nadot, S. (2014) Evolution of stamen number in Ptychospermatinae (Arecaceae): insights from a new molecular phylogeny of the subtribe. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 76: 227–240.
• André, É.-F. (1898) Les palmiers nouveaux a l’exposition quinquennale de Gand. Revue Horticole (Paris) 70: 260–264.
• Applequist, W.L. 2016. Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants: 67. Taxon 65:169–182.
• Bachman, S., Baker, W.J., Brummitt, N., Dransfield, J. & Moat, J. (2004) Elevational gradients, area and tropical island diversity: an example from the palms of New Guinea. Ecography 27: 299–310.
• Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys: 117–126.
• Bacon, C.D. & Baker, W.J. (2011) Saribus resurrected. Palms 55: 109–116.
• Bacon, C.D., Baker, W.J. & Simmons, M.P. (2012) Miocene dispersal drives island radiations in the palm tribe Trachycarpeae (Arecaceae). Systematic Biology 61: 426–442.
• Bacon, C.D., Michonneau, F., Henderson, A.J., McKenna, M.J., Milroy, A.M. & Simmons, M.P. (2013) Geographic and taxonomic disparities in species diversity: dispersal and diversification rates across Wallace’s Line. Evolution 67: 2058–2071.
• Baker, W.J, Zona, S., Heatubun, C.D., Lewis, C.E., Maturbongs, R. & Norup, M. (2006) Dransfieldia (Arecaceae) — A new palm genus from western New Guinea. Systematic Botany 31: 61–69.
• Baker, W.J. & Couvreur, T.L.P. (2013a) Global biogeography and diversification of palms sheds light on the evolution of tropical lineages. I. Historical biogeography. Journal of Biogeography 40: 274–285.
• Baker, W.J. & Couvreur, T.L.P. (2013b) Global biogeography and diversification of palms sheds light on the evolution of tropical lineages. II. Diversification history and origin of regional assemblages. Journal of Biogeography 40: 286–298.
• Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2002a) Calamus longipinna (Arecaceae: Calamoideae) and its relatives in New Guinea. Kew Bulletin 57: 853–866.
• Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2002b) Calamus maturbongsii, an unusual new rattan species from New Guinea. Kew Bulletin 57: 725–728.
• Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2006a) Field Guide to the Palms of New Guinea. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, 108 pp.
• Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2006b) Sebuah Panduan Lapangan untuk Palem New Guinea. Translation by Ary P. Keim. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, 108 pp.
• Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2007) Arecaceae of Papua. In: Marshall, A.J. & Beehler, B.M. (eds) The Ecology of Papua. Part 1. Periplus Editions, Singapore, pp. 359–370.
• Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2014) New rattans from New Guinea (Calamus, Arecaceae). Phytotaxa 163: 181–215.
• Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2016) Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 182: 207–233.
• Baker, W.J. & Dransfield, J. (2017) More new rattans from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands (Calamus, Arecaceae). Phytotaxa 305: 61–86.
• Baker, W.J. & Heatubun, C.D. (2012) New palms from Biak and Supiori, western New Guinea. Palms 56: 131–150.
• Baker, W.J. & Loo, A.H.B. (2004) A synopsis of the genus Hydriastele. Kew Bulletin 59: 61–68.
• Baker, W.J. & Venter, S. (2019) Calamus nudus – an exceptional new rattan from New Guinea. Palms 63: 189–196.
• Baker, W.J. & Zona, S. (2006) Dransfieldia deciphered. Palms 50: 71–75.
• Baker, W.J. (1997) Rattans and rheophytes — palms of the Mubi River. Principes 41: 148–157. Baker, W.J. (2000) The palms of New Guinea project. Palms 44: 160, 165.
• Baker, W.J. (2001a) The palms of New Guinea project. Palms and Cycads 71: 3–7.
• Baker, W.J. (2001b) The palms of New Guinea project. New Guinea Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity Digest 11: 6–7.
• Baker, W.J. (2002a) The palms of New Guinea project. Flora Malesiana Bulletin 13: 35–37.
• Baker, W.J. (2002b) Two unusual Calamus species from New Guinea. Kew Bulletin 57: 719–724.
• Baker, W.J. (2015) A revised delimitation of the rattan genus Calamus (Arecaceae). Phytotaxa 197: 139–152.
• Baker, W.J., Barfod, A.S., Dowe, J.L., Heatubun, C.D., Petoe, P., Zona, S. & Dransfield, J. (in prep.) A checklist of the palms of New Guinea. Kew Bulletin.
• Baker, W.J., Bayton, R.P., Dransfield, J. & Maturbongs, R.A. (2003) A revision of the Calamus aruensis (Arecaceae) complex in New Guinea and the Pacific. Kew Bulletin 58: 351–370.
• Baker, W.J., Heatubun, C.D. & Dransfield, J. (2021) Arecales. In: Utteridge, T.M.A. & Jennings, L.V.S. (eds) Trees of New Guinea. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, pp. 98–122.
• Baker, W.J., Heatubun, C.D. & Petoe, P. (2018) New finds in New Guinea Hydriastele. Palms 62: 145–154.
• Baker, W.J., Maturbongs, R.A., Wanggai, J. & Hambali, G. (2000b) Siphokentia. Palms 44: 175–181.
• Baker, W.J., Savolainen, V., Asmussen-Lange, C.B., Chase, M.W., Dransfield, J., Forest, F., Harley, M.M., Uhl, N.W. & Wilkinson, M. (2009) Complete generic-level phylogenetic analyses of palms (Arecaceae) with comparisons of supertree and supermatrix approaches. Systematic Biology 58: 240–256.
• Banka, R. & Baker, W.J. (2004) A monograph of the genus Rhopaloblaste (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 59: 47–60. Banka, R. & Barfod, A.S. (2004) A spectacular new species of Licuala (Arecaceae, Coryphoideae) from New Guinea. Kew Bulletin 59: 73–75.
• Barfod, A.S. & Baker, W.J. (2022) A new, large-flowered Licuala from New Guinea. Palms 62: 69–71.
• Barfod, A.S. & Heatubun, C.D. (2009) Two new species of Licuala Thunb. (Arecaceae: Coryphoideae) from North Moluccas and Western New Guinea. Kew Bulletin 64: 553–554.
• Barfod, A.S. & Heatubun, C.D. (2022) Seven new species of Licuala (Arecaceae; Livistoninae) from Papua New Guinea. Phytotaxa 555: 1–16.
• Barfod, A.S. (2000) A new species of Licuala from New Guinea. Palms 44:198–201.
• Barfod, A.S., Banka, R. & Dowe, J.L. (2001) Field Guide to Palms in Papua New Guinea — with a multi-access key and notes on the genera. AAU Reports 40. Aarhus University Press, Aarhus, 79 pp.
• Barfod, A.S., Hagen, M. & Borchsenius, F. (2011) Twenty-five years of progress in understanding pollination mechanisms in palms (Arecaceae). Annals of Botany 108: 1503–1516.
• Barstow, M., Jimbo, T. & Davies, K. (2023) Extinction risk to the endemic trees of Papua New Guinea. Plants, People, Planet 5: 508–509.
• Bayton, R.P. (2007) A revision of Borassus L. (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 62: 561–586.
• Beccari, O. (1877a) Della disseminazione delle palme. Bullettino della R. Società Toscana di Orticultura 2: 167–173.
• Beccari, O. (1877b) Le specie di palme raccolte alla Nuova Guinea da O. Beccari e dal medesimo adesso descritte, con note sulle specie dei paesi circonvicini. Malesia 1: 9–102.
• Beccari, O. (1886) Nuovi studi sulle palme Asiatiche. Malesia 3: 58–149.
• Beccari, O. (1908) Asiatic palms - Lepidocaryeae. Part 1. The species of Calamus. Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta 11: 1–518.
• Beccari, O. (1923) Neue Palmen Papuasiens II. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 58: 441–462.
• Beccari, O. (1931). Asiatic palms–Corypheae (ed. U. Martelli) Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta 13: 1–356.
• Beehler, B.M. (2007) Introduction to Papua. In: Marshall, A.J. & Beehler, B.M. (eds) The Ecology of Papua. Part 1. Periplus Editions, Singapore, pp. 3–13.
• Beehler, B.M., Pratt, T.K. & Zimmerman, D.A. (1986) Birds of New Guinea. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 295 pp.
• Beentje, H. (2016) The Kew Plant Glossary - an illustrated dictionary of plant terms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, 184 pp.
• Bellot, S., Bayton, R.P., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dodsworth, S., Eiserhardt, W.L., Guignard, M.S., Pritchard, H.W., Roberts, L., Toorop, P.E. & Baker, W.J. (2020b) On the origin of giant seeds: the macroevolution of the double coconut (Lodoicea maldivica) and its relatives (Borasseae, Arecaceae). New Phytologist 228: 1134–1148.
• Bellot, S., Lu, Y., Antonelli, A., Baker, W.J., Dransfield, J., Forest, F., Kissling, W.D., Leitch, I.J., Nic Lughadha, E., Ondo, I., Pironon, S., Walker, B.E., Cámara-Leret, R. & Bachman, S.P. (2022) The likely extinction of hundreds of palm species threatens their contributions to people and ecosystems. Nature Ecology & Evolution 6: 1710–1722.
• Bellot, S., Odufuwa, P., Dransfield, J., Eiserhardt, W.L., Perez-Escobar, O.A., Petoe, P., Usher, E. & Baker, W.J. (2020a) Why and how to develop DNA barcoding for palms? A case study of Pinanga. Palms 64: 109–120.
• Bintoro, M.H., Nurulhaq, M.I., Pratama, A.J., Ahmad, F. & Ayulia, L. (2018) Growing area of sago palm and its environment. In: Ehara, H., Toyoda, Y. & Johnson, D.V. (eds) Sago Palm — multiple contributions to food security and sustainable livelihoods. Springer, Singapore, pp. 17–29.
• Blume, C.L. (1839) De quibusdam generibus e tribu Arecinearum. Rumphia 2: 63–99.
• Bourke, R.M. & Vlassak, V. (2004). Estimates of food crop production in Papua New Guinea. Land Management Group, The Australian National University, Canberra.
• Bradford, M.G. & Westcott, D.A. (2011) Predation of cassowary dispersed seeds: is the cassowary an effective disperser? Integrative Zoology 6: 168–177.
• Brooks, T.M., Mittermeier, R.A., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Gerlach, J., Hoffmann, M., Lamoreux, J.F., Mittermeier, C.G., Pilgrim, J.D. & Rodrigues, A.S.L. (2006) Global Biodiversity Conservation Priorities. Science 313: 58–61.
• Bryan, J.E. & Shearman, P.L. (eds) (2015) The State of the Forests of Papua New Guinea 2014: measuring change over the period 2002–2014. University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, 209 pp.
• Burret, M. (1933) Neue Palmen aus Neu-Guinea. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin- Dahlem 11: 704–713.
• Burret, M. (1935) Neue Palmen aus Neuguinea II. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin- Dahlem 12: 309–348.
• Burret, M. (1936) Neue Palmen aus Neuguinea IV. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin- Dahlem 13: 317–332.
• Burret, M. (1941). Beiträge zur Palmengattung Licuala Wurmb. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 15: 327–336.
• Cookson, M. (2000) The Archbold Expeditions to New Guinea: A preliminary survey of archival materials held at the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. Journal of Pacific History 35: 313–318.
• Couvreur, T.L., Kissling, W.D., Condamine, F.L., Svenning, J.C., Rowe, N.P. & Baker, W.J. (2014) Global diversification of a tropical plant growth form: environmental correlates and historical contingencies in climbing palms. Frontiers in Genetics 5: 452.
• Crayn, D.M., Costion, C. & Harrington, M.G. (2015) The Sahul–Sunda floristic exchange: dated molecular phylogenies document Cenozoic intercontinental dispersal dynamics. Journal of Biogeography 42: 11–24.
• Crisp, M.D., Isagi, Y., Kato, Y., Cook, L.G. & Bowman, D.M.J.S. (2010) Livistona palms in Australia: ancient relics or opportunistic immigrants? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 512–523.
• Currie, D.J. & Kerr, J.T. (2008) Tests of the mid-domain hypothesis: a review of the evidence. Ecological Monographs 78: 3–18.
• Cámara-Leret, R. & Dennehy, Z. (2019a). Quantitative ethnobotany of palms (Arecaceae) in New Guinea. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 71: 321–364.
• Cámara-Leret, R. & Dennehy, Z. (2019b). Information gaps in indigenous and local knowledge for science- policy assessments. Nature Sustainability 2: 736–741.
• Cámara-Leret, R., Schuiteman, A., Utteridge, T., Bramley, G., Deverell, R., Fisher, L.A., McLeod, J., Hannah, L., Roehrdanz, P., Laman, T.G., Scholes, E., de Fretes, Y. & Heatubun, C. (2019) The Manokwari Declaration: challenges ahead in conserving 70% of Tanah Papua’s forests. Forest and Society 3: 148–151.
• Dickie, J.B., Balick, M.J. & Linington, I.M. (1993) Studies on the practicality of ex situ preservation of palm seeds. Palms 37: 94–98.
• Dirzo, R., Young, H.S., Galetti, M., Ceballos, G., Isaac, N.J.B. & Collen, B. (2014) Defaunation in the Anthropocene. Science 345: 401–406.
• Dowe, J.L. & Ferrero, M.D. (2000) A new species of rheophytic palm from New Guinea. Palms 44: 194–197.
• Dowe, J.L. & Ferrero, M.D. (2001) Revision of Calyptrocalyx and the New Guinea species of Linospadix (Linospadicinae: Arecoideae: Arecaceae). Blumea 46: 207–251.
• Dowe, J.L. & Latifah, D. (2020) Oranges or kings? The cryptic etymology of Zippelius’s Orania regalis. Palms 64: 121–130.
• Dowe, J.L. & Venter, S. (2023) Saribus pendulinus, a new fan palm from New Guinea. Palms 67: 13–25.
• Dowe, J.L. (2007) Ptychosperma macarthurii: discovery, horticulture and taxonomy. Palms 51: 85–96.
• Dowe, J.L. (2009) A taxonomic account of Livistona (Arecaceae). Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 60: 185–344.
• Dowe, J.L. (2010) Australian Palms: Biogeography, Ecology and Systematics. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, 304 pp.
• Dransfield, J. & Baker, W.J. (2003) An account of the Papuasian species of Calamus (Arecaceae) with paired fruit. Kew Bulletin 58: 371–387.
• Dransfield, J. & Beentje, H. (1995) The Palms of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond & International Palm Society, 475 pp.
• Dransfield, J. & Marcus, J. (2020) Calyptrocalyx reflexus, a new species described from cultivation. Palms 64: 43–48.
• Dransfield, J. (1981) A synopsis of the genus Korthalsia (Palmae: Lepidocaryoideae). Kew Bulletin 36: 163–194.
• Dransfield, J. (1982) Clinostigma in New Ireland. Principes 26: 73–76.
• Dransfield, J. (1987) Bicentric distributions in Malesia as exemplified by palms. In: Whitmore, T.C. (ed.) Biogeographical evolution of the Malay archipelago. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 60–72.
• Dransfield, J. (1998). Pigafetta. Principes 42: 34–40.
• Dransfield, J., Baker, W.J., Heatubun, C.D. & Witono, J. (2000b) The palms of Mount Jaya. Palms 44: 202–208.
• Dransfield, J., Hambali, G.G., Maturbongs, R.A. & Heatubun, C.D. (2000a) Caryota zebrina. Palms 44: 170–174.
• Dransfield, J., Uhl, N.W., Asmussen, C.B., Baker, W.J., Harley, M.M. & Lewis, C.E. (2008) Genera Palmarum — the evolution and classification of palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, 732 pp.
• Ehara, H., Toyoda, Y. & Johnson, D.V. (eds) (2018) Sago Palm — multiple contributions to food security and sustainable livelihoods. Springer, Singapore, 330 pages.
• Eiserhardt, W.L., Bellot, S., Cowan, R.S., Dransfield, J., Hansen, L.E.S.F., Heyduk, K., Rabarijaona, R.N., Rakotoarinivo, M. & Baker, W.J. (2022) Phylogenomics and generic limits of Dypsidinae (Arecaceae), the largest palm radiation in Madagascar. Taxon 71: 1170–1195.
• Essig, F.B & Young, B.E. (1981a) Palm collecting in Papua New Guinea. II. The Sepik and the North Coast. Principes 25: 3–15.
• Essig, F.B & Young, B.E. (1981b) Palm collecting in Papua New Guinea. III. Papua. Principes 25: 16–28.
• Essig, F.B. & Young, B.E. (1980) Palm collecting in Papua New Guinea. I. The Northeast. Principes 24: 14–28.
• Essig, F.B. & Young, B.E. (1985) A reconsideration of Gronophyllum and Nengella (Arecoideae). Principes 29: 129–137.
• Essig, F.B. (1972) Palms in the botanic garden at Lae, Papua New Guinea. Principes 16: 119–127.
• Essig, F.B. (1973) Pollination in some New Guinea palms. Principes 17: 75–83.
• Essig, F.B. (1977) A preliminary analysis of the palm flora of New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago. Papua New Guinea Botany Bulletin 9: 1–39.
• Essig, F.B. (1978) A revision of the genus Ptychosperma Labill. (Arecaceae). Allertonia 1: 415–478.
• Essig, F.B. (1980) The genus Orania Zipp. (Arecaceae) in New Guinea. Lyonia 1: 211–233.
• Essig, F.B. (1982) A synopsis of the genus Gulubia. Principes 26: 159–173.
• Essig, F.B. (1992) A new species of Heterospathe (Palmae) from New Britain. Principes 36: 4–6.
• Essig, F.B. (1995) A checklist and analysis of the palms of the Bismarck Archipelago. Principes 39: 123–129.
• Fairchild, D. (1944). Garden Islands of the Great East. Scribners, New York, 239 pp.
• Fernando, E.S. (2014) Three new species in Calamus sect. Podocephalus (Arecaceae: Calamoideae) from the Philippines, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. Phytotaxa 166: 69–76.
• Ferrero, M.D. & Dowe, J. L. (1996) Notes on Brassiophoenix (Arecaceae) — the bat-wing palm from Papua New Guinea. Mooreana 6: 18–22.
• Ferrero, M.D. (1996) Ptychococcus lepidotus: in from the cold? A promising palm from the highlands of New Guinea. Palms & Cycads 52/53: 48–54.
• Ferrero, M.D. (1997) A checklist of Palmae for New Guinea. Palms and Cycads 55/56: 2–39.
• Flach, M. (1997) Sago palm: Metroxylon sagu Rottb. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. 13. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, 76 pp.
• Flynn T. (2004) Morphological variation and species limits in the genus Areca (Palmae) in New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. MSc thesis, University of Wales, Bangor.
• Forster, P.I. (1997) Len Brass and his contribution to palm discoveries in New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Principes 41: 158–162.
• Frazier, S. (2007) Threats to biodiversity. In: Marshall, A.J. & Beehler, B.M. (eds) The Ecology of Papua. Part 2. Periplus Editions, Singapore, pp. 1199–1229.
• Fullagar, R., Field, J., Denham, T. & Lentfer, C. (2006) Early and mid-Holocene tool-use and processing of taro (Colocasia esculenta), yam (Dioscorea sp.) and other plants at Kuk Swamp in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. Journal of Archaeological Science 33: 595–614.
• Furtado, C.X. (1955) Palmae Malesicae — XVIII. Two new calamoid genera of Malaysia. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 14: 517–529.
• Furtado, C.X. (1956) Palmae Malesicae — IX. The genus Calamus in the Malayan Peninsula. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 15: 32–262.
• GEBCO Compilation Group (2022) GEBCO 2022 Grid. Available from: https://download.gebco.net/. doi:10.5285/e0f0bb80-ab44-2739-e053-6c86abc0289c
• Galetti, M., Bovendorp, R.S. & Guevara, R. (2015) Defaunation of large mammals leads to an increase in seed predation in the Atlantic forests. Global Ecology and Conservation 3: 824–830.
• Gamoga, G., Turia, R., Abe, H., Haraguchi, M. & Iuda, O. (2021) The forest extent in 2015 and the drivers of forest change between 2000 and 2015 in Papua New Guinea: deforestation and forest degradation in Papua New Guinea. Case Studies in the Environment 5: 1442018.
• Gardiner, L.M., Dransfield, J., Marcus, J. & Baker, W.J. (2012) Heterospathe barfodii, a new species from Papua New Guinea. Palms 56: 91–100.
• Gaveau, D.L.A., Santos, L., Locatelli, B., Salim, M.A., Husnayaen, H., Meijaard, E., Heatubun, C. & Sheil, D. (2021) Forest loss in Indonesian New Guinea (2001–2019): trends, drivers and outlook. Biological Conservation 261: 109225.
• Global Forest Watch (2023) Global Forest Watch. Available at: https://www.globalforestwatch.org/
• Gold, D.P., Casas-Gallego, M., Holm, R., Webb, M. & White, L.T. (2020) New tectonic reconstructions of New Guinea derived from biostratigraphy and geochronology. In: Proceedings, Indonesian Petroleum Association, pp. PA20 G 61.
• Govaerts, R., Nic Lughadha, E., Black, N., Turner, R. & Paton, A. (2021) The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, a continuously updated resource for exploring global plant diversity. Scientific Data 8: 215.
• Greenhill, A.R., Shipton, W.A., Blaney, B.J., & Warner, J.M. 2007. Fungal colonization of sago starch in Papua New Guinea. International Journal of Food Microbiology 119: 284–290.
• Gunn, B.F., Baudoin, L. & Olsen, K.M. (2011) Independent origins of cultivated coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in the Old World tropics. PLoS ONE 6: e21143.
• Gupta, P.C. & Warnakulasuriya, S. (2002) Global epidemiology of areca nut usage. Addiction Biology 7: 77–83.
• Hall, R. (2012) Sundaland and Wallacea: geology, plate tectonics and palaeogeography. In: Gower, D., Johnson, K., Richardson, J.E., Rosen, B., Rüber, L. & Williams, S. (eds) Biotic Evolution and Environmental Change in Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 32–78.
• Hall, R. (2017) Southeast Asia: new views of the geology of the Malay Archipelago. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 45: 331–358.
• Hansen, L.E.S.F., Baker, W.J., Tietje, M. & Eiserhardt, W.L. (2021) Testing tropical biogeographical regions using the palm family as a model clade. Journal of Biogeography 48: 2502–2511.
• Hay, A. (1984) Part 3. Palmae. In: Johns, R.J. & Hay, A. (eds) A Guide to the Monocotyledons of Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, 195–319 pp.
• Heatubun, C.D, Iwanggin, M. & Simbiak, V.I. (2013) A new species of betel nut palm (Areca: Arecaceae) from western New Guinea. Phytotaxa 154: 59–64.
• Heatubun, C.D. & Barfod, A. S. (2008). Two new species of Licuala (Arecaceae: Coryphoideae) from western New Guinea. Blumea 53: 429–434.
• Heatubun, C.D. (2000) In search of Caryota zebrina — a palm expedition to the Cyclops Mountains. Palms 44: 187–193.
• Heatubun, C.D. (2002) A monograph of Sommieria. Kew Bulletin 57: 599–611.
• Heatubun, C.D. (2008) A new Areca from western New Guinea. Palms 52: 198–202.
• Heatubun, C.D. (2016). Areca jokowi: a new species of betel nut palm (Arecaceae) from western New Guinea. Phytotaxa 288: 175–180.
• Heatubun, C.D. (ed.) (2022) Papua Barat — menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan. PT Micepro, Indonesia, 254 pp.
• Heatubun, C.D., Baker, W.J., Mogea, J.P., Harley, M.M., Tjitrosoedirdjo, S.S. & Dransfield, J. (2009) A monograph of Cyrtostachys (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 64: 67–94.
• Heatubun, C.D., Dransfield, J., Flynn, T., Tjitrosoedirdjo, S.S., Mogea, J.P. & Baker, W.J. (2012a) A monograph of the betel nut palms (Areca: Arecaceae) of East Malesia. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 168: 147–173.
• Heatubun, C.D., Dransfield, J., Govaerts, R. & Baker, W.J. (2014b) (2279) Proposal to reject the name Areca glandiformis (Arecaceae). Taxon 63: 434–435.
• Heatubun, C.D., Gardiner, L. M. & Baker, W.J. (2012b) Heterospathe elata, a new record for the New Guinea islands. Palms 56: 61–64.
• Heatubun, C.D., Lekitoo, K. & Matani, O.P. (2014a) Palms on the nickel island: an expedition to Gag Island, western New Guinea. Palms 58: 115–134.
• Heatubun, C.D., Petoe, P. & Baker, W.J. (2018) A monograph of the Nengella group of Hydriastele (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 73: 18.
• Heatubun, C.D., Zona, S. & Baker, W.J. (2014c) Three new genera of arecoid palm (Arecaceae) from eastern Malesia. Kew Bulletin 69: 9525.
• Heatubun, C.D., Zona, S. & Baker, W.J. (2014d) Three new palm genera from Indonesia. Palms 58: 197–202.
• Heinen, J.H., Florens, F.B.V., Baider, C., Hume, J.P., Kissling, W.D., Whittaker, R.J., Rahbek, C. & Borregaard, M.K. (2023) Novel plant–frugivore network on Mauritius is unlikely to compensate for the extinction of seed dispersers. Nature Communications 14: 1019.
• Henderson, A. (2020) A revision of Calamus (Arecaceae, Calamoideae, Calameae, Calaminae). Phytotaxa 445: 1–656.
• Henderson, A.J. & Bacon, C.D. (2011) Lanonia (Arecaceae: Palmae), a new genus from Asia, with a revision of the species. Systematic Botany 36: 883–895.
• Hirashi, T. (2008) Effectiveness of coastal forests in mitigating tsunami hazards. In: Chan, H. T. & Ong, J. E. (eds) Proceedings of the Meeting and Workshop on Guidelines for the Rehabilitation of Mangroves and other Coastal Forests Damaged by Tsunamis and other Natural Hazards in the Asia-Pacific Region. International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems, Okinawa, pp. 65–73.
• Hodel, D.R., Baker, W.J., Bellot, S., Pérez-Calle, V., Cumberledge, A. & Barrett, C.F. (2021) Reassessment of the Archontophoenicinae of New Caledonia and description of a new species. Palms 65: 109–131.
• Hodel, D.R., Butaud, J.F., Barrett, C.F., Grayum, M.H., Komen, J., Lorence, D.H., Marcus, J. & Falchetto, A. (2019). Reassessment of Pelagodoxa. Palms 63: 113–152.
• Hope, G.S. (2007) The history of human impact on New Guinea. In: Marshall, A.J. & Beehler, B.M. (eds) The Ecology of Papua. Part 2. Periplus Editions, Singapore, pp. 1087–1097.
• IUCN (1998–2023) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org.
• IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, 32 pp.
• Jeanson, M.L. (2011). Systematics of tribe Caryoteae (Arecaceae). PhD thesis, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
• Jimbo, T. & Kipiro, W. (2021) Cyrtostachys bakeri. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T189125838A189758475. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T189125838A189758475.en
• Jimbo, T., Saulei, S., Moses, J., Lawong, B., Kaina, G., Kiapranis, R., Hitofumi, A., Novotny, V., Attorre, F., Testolin, R. & Cicuzza, D. (2023) Beyond the trees: a comparison of nonwoody species, and their ecology, in Papua New Guinea elevational gradient forest. Case Studies in the Environment 7: 1831407.
• Johns, R.J. & Taurereko, R. (1989a) A Preliminary Checklist of the Collections of Calamus and Daemonorops from the Papuasian Region. Rattan Research Report 1989/2. Forestry Department and Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, 67 pp.
• Johns, R.J. & Taurereko, R. (1989b) A Guide to the Collection and Field Description of Calamus (Palmae) from Papuasia. Rattan Research Report 1989/3. Forestry Department and Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, 34 pp.
• Johns, R.J. & Zibe, S. (1989) A Checklist of the Species of Calamus and Korthalsia in Papuasia. Rattan Research Report 1989/1. Forestry Department and Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, 13 pp.
• Johnson, N.W., Warnakulasuriya, S., Gupta, P.C., Dimba, E., Chindia, M., Otoh, E.C., Sankaranarayanan, R., Califano, J. & Kowalski, L. (2011). Global oral health inequalities in incidence and outcomes for oral cancer: causes and solutions. Advances in Dental Research, 23: 237–246.
• Jong, F.S. (1995) Research for the development of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) cultivation in Sarawak, Malaysia. PhD thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University.
• Joyce, E.M., Thiele, K.R., Slik, J.W.F. & Crayn, D.M. (2020) Plants will cross the lines: climate and available land mass are the major determinants of phytogeographical patterns in the Sunda–Sahul Convergence Zone. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 132: 374–387.
• Keim, A. & Dransfield, J. (2012) A monograph of the genus Orania (Arecaceae: Oranieae). Kew Bulletin 67: 127–190.
• Kissling, W.D., Baker, W.J., Balslev, H., Barfod, A.S., Borchsenius, F., Dransfield, J., Govaerts, R. & Svenning, J.-C. (2012b) Quaternary and pre-Quaternary historical legacies in the global distribution of a major tropical plant lineage. Global Ecology and Biogeography 21: 909–921.
• Kissling, W.D., Eiserhardt, W.L., Baker, W.J., Borchsenius, F., Couvreur, T.L.P., Balslev, H. & Svenning, J.-C. (2012a) Cenozoic imprints on the phylogenetic structure of palm species assemblages worldwide. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109: 7379–7384.
• Kjaer, A., Barfod, A.S., Asmussen, C.B. & Seberg, O. (2004) Investigation of genetic and morphological variation in the sago palm (Metroxylon sagu; Arecaceae) in Papua New Guinea. Annals of Botany 94: 109–117.
• Kooyman, R.M., Morley, R.J., Crayn, D.M., Joyce, E.M., Rossetto, M., Slik, J.W.F., Strijk, J.S., Su, T., Yap, J.- Y.S. & Wilf, P. (2019) Origins and assembly of Malesian rainforests. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 50: 119–143.
• Kuhnhäuser, B.G. (2021) Phylogenomics and Biogeography of the Calamoid Palms. PhD thesis, University of Oxford.
• Kuhnhäuser, B.G., Bellot, S., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dransfield, J., Henderson, A., Schley, R., Chomicki, G., Eiserhardt, W.L., Hiscock, S.J. & Baker, W.J. (2021) A robust phylogenomic framework for the calamoid palms. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 157: 107067.
• Labillardière, J.J.H.d. (1809) Mémoire sur un nouveau genre de palmier. Mémoires de la classe des sciences mathématiques et physiques de l’Institut National de France 9: 251–256.
• Lepš, J., Novotný, V., Čížek, L., Molem, K., Isua, B., William, B., Kutil, R., Auga, J., Kasbal, M., Manumbor, M. & Hiuk, S. (2002) Successful invasion of the neotropical species Piper aduncum in rain forests in Papua New Guinea. Applied Vegetation Science 5: 255–262.
• Lim, J.Y., Svenning, J.-C., Göldel, B., Faurby, S. & Kissling, W.D. (2020) Frugivore-fruit size relationships between palms and mammals reveal past and future defaunation impacts. Nature Communications 11: 4904.
• Loo, A., Dransfield, J., Chase, M. & Baker, W. (2006) Low-copy nuclear DNA, phylogeny and the evolution of dichogamy in the betel nut palms and their relatives (Arecinae; Arecaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39: 598–618.
• Macía, M.J., Armesilla, P.J., Cámara-Leret, R., Paniagua-Zambrana, N., Villalba, S., Balslev, H. & Pardo-de- Santayana, M. (2011). Palm uses in northwestern South America: a quantitative review. The Botanical Review 77: 462–570.
• Mantiquilla, J.A., Abad, R.G., Barro, K.M.G., Basilio, J.A.M., Rivero, G.C. & Silvosa, C.S.C. (2016) Potential pollinators of nipa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.). Asia Life Science 25: 1–22.
• Marsh, S.T., Brummitt, N.A., de Kok, R.P.J. & Utteridge, T.M.A. (2009) Large-scale patterns of plant diversity and conservation priorities in South East Asia. Blumea 54: 103–108.
• Marshall, A.J. & Beehler, B.M. (eds) (2007) The Ecology of Papua (Parts 1 & 2). Periplus Editions, Singapore, 1467 pp.
• Masters, M.T. (1898) New or noteworthy plants. Gardeners’ Chronicle, series 3 24: 241–243.
• Maturbongs, R.A., Dransfield, J. & Baker, W.J. (2014) Calamus kebariensis (Arecaceae) — a new montane rattan from New Guinea. Phytotaxa 163: 235–238.
• Maturbongs, R.A., Dransfield, J. & Mogea, J.P. (2015) Daemonorops komsaryi (Arecaceae) — a new rattan from the Bird’s Head Peninsula, Indonesian New Guinea. Phytotaxa 195: 297–300.
• McClatchey, W.C. (1996) A revision of the genus Metroxylon section Coelococcus (Arecaceae). PhD dissertation. University of Florida.
• Merklinger, F.F., Baker, W.J. & Rudall, P.J. (2014) Comparative development of the rattan ocrea, a structural innovation that facilitates ant-plant mutualism. Plant Systematics and Evolution 300: 1973–1983.
• Miettinen, J., Shi, C. & Liew, S.C. (2011) Deforestation rates in insular Southeast Asia between 2000 and 2010. Global Change Biology 17: 2261–2270.
• Miklouho-Maclay, N., De (1885). List of plants in use by the natives of the Maclay coast, New Guinea. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 10: 346–358.
• Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., Brooks, T.M., Pilgrim, J.D., Konstant, W.R., da Fonseca, G.A.B. & Kormos, C. (2003) Wilderness and biodiversity conservation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100: 10309–10313.
• Mogea, J.P. (1991). Revisi marga Arenga. PhD thesis, Universitas Indonesia.
• Moore, H.E. (1966) Palm hunting around the World. V. New Guinea to the New Hebrides. Principes 10: 64–85.
• Moore, H.E., Jr. & Fosberg, F.R. (1956) The palms of Micronesia and the Bonin Islands. Gentes Herbarum 8:423–478.
• Myers, N., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B. & Kent, J. (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853–858.
• Nelson, P.N., Gabriel, J., Filer, C., Banabas, M., Sayer, J.A., Curry, G.N., Koczberski, G. & Venter, O. (2014) Oil palm and deforestation in Papua New Guinea. Conservation Letters 7: 188–195.
• Norton, S.A. (1998) Betel: consumption and consequences. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 38: 81–88.
• Norup, M.V. (2005) Alsmithia subsumed in Heterospathe (Arecaceae, Arecoideae). Novon 15: 455–457.
• Norup, M.V., Dransfield, J., Chase, M.W., Barfod, A.S., Fernando, E.S. & Baker, W.J. (2006) Homoplasious character combinations and generic delimitation: a case study from the Indo-Pacific arecoid palms (Arecaceae: Areceae). American Journal of Botany 93: 1065–1080.
• Ohtsuka, R. (1983) Oriomo Papuans: Ecology of Sago-Eaters in Lowland Papua. University of Tokyo Press, 197 pp.
• POWO (2023) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at: http:// www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed 3 April 2023).
• Paijmans, K. (ed.) (1976) New Guinea Vegetation. Australian National University Press, Canberra, 213 pp.
• Pangau-Adam, M. & Mühlenberg, M. (2014) Palm species in the diet of the northern cassowary (Casuarius unappendiculatus) in Jayapura region, Papua, Indonesia. Palms 58: 19–26.
• Pemerintah Provinsi Papua Barat (2021) Laporan hasil evaluasi perizinan perkebunan kelapa sawit provinsi Papua Barat (Report on the Results of the Evaluation of Permits for Oil Palm Plantations in West Papua Province). Yayasan EcoNusa, Jakarta, 91 pp.
• Petoe, P. & Baker, W.J. (2019) A monograph of Heterospathe (Areceae, Arecaceae) in New Guinea. Phytotaxa 413: 71–116.
• Petoe, P., Cámara-Leret, R. & Baker, W.J. (2018b) A monograph of the Hydriastele wendlandiana group (Arecaceae: Hydriastele). Kew Bulletin 73: 17.
• Petoe, P., Heatubun, C.D. & Baker, W.J. (2018a) A monograph of Hydriastele (Areceae, Arecaceae) in New Guinea and Australia. Phytotaxa 370: 1–92.
• Petoe, P., Schuiteman, A. & Baker, W.J. (2019) Hydriastele gibbsiana, a remarkable belly palm from New Guinea. Palms 63: 5–10.
• Polhemus, D.A. (2007) Tectonic Geology of Papua. In: Marshall, A.J. & Beehler, B.M. (eds) The Ecology of Papua. Part 1. Periplus Editions, Singapore, pp. 137–164.
• Pratt, T.K. (1983) Diet of the Dwarf Cassowary Casuarius bennetti picticollis at Wau, Papua New Guinea. Emu Austral Ornithology 82: 283–285.
• Prentice, M.L. & Hope, G.S. (2007) Climate of Papua. In: Marshall, A.J. & Beehler, B.M. (eds) The Ecology of Papua. Part 1. Periplus Editions, Singapore, pp. 177–195.
• Raes, N. & Van Welzen, P.C. (2009) The demarcation and internal division of Flora Malesiana: 1857–present. Blumea 54: 6–8.
• Rakotoarinivo, M., Dransfield, J., Bachman, S.P., Moat, J. & Baker, W.J. (2014) Comprehensive Red List assessment reveals exceptionally high extinction risk to Madagascar palms. PLoS ONE 9: e103684.
• Rauwerdink, J.B. (1985) An essay on Metroxylon, the sago palm. Principes 30: 165–180.
• Richardson, J.E., Costion, C.M. & Muellner, A.N. (2012) The Malesian floristic interchange: plant migration patterns across Wallace’s Line. In: Gower, D., Johnson, K., Richardson, J.E., Rosen, B., Rüber, L. & Williams, S. (eds) Biotic Evolution and Environmental Change in Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 138–163.
• Roscoe, P. (2002) The hunters and gatherers of New Guinea. Current Anthropology 43: 153–162.
• Schrödl, M. (2020) Colonization and Diversification History of Madagascan Palms with New Phylogenomic Evidence from the Genus Orania (Arecaceae). Masters thesis, Aarhus University.
• Schumann, K. & Hollrung, M. (1889) Die Flora von Kaiser Wilhelms Land. Asher & Co., Berlin, 137 pp. £
• Schumann, K. & Lauterbach, K. (1900) Die Flora der Deutschen Schutzgebiete in der Südsee. Verlag von Gebrüder Borntraeger, Leipzig, 613 pp.
• Schumann, K. (1898) Die Flora von Neu-Pommern. Notizblatt des Königl. Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 2: 59–158.
• Secretan, B., Straif, K., Baan, R., Grosse, Y., El Ghissassi, F., Bouvard, V., Benbrahim-Tallaa, L., Guha, N., Freeman, C., Galichet, L. & Cogliano, V. (2009) A review of human carcinogens — Part E: tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, coal smoke, and salted fish. The Lancet Oncology 10: 1033–1034.
• Shahimi, S., Conejero, M., Prychid, C.J., Rudall, P.J., Hawkins, J.A. & Baker, W.J. (2019) A taxonomic revision of the myrmecophilous species of the rattan genus Korthalsia (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 74: 69.
• Shearman, P. & Bryan, J. (2011) A bioregional analysis of the distribution of rainforest cover, deforestation and degradation in Papua New Guinea. Austral Ecology 36: 9–24.
• Shearman, P.L., Ash, J., Mackey, B., Bryan, J.E. & Lokes, B. (2009) Forest conversion and degradation in Papua New Guinea 1972–2002. Biotropica 41: 379–390.
• Shearman, P.L., Bryan, J.E., Ash, J., Hunnam, P., Mackey, B. & Lokes, B. (2008) The State of the Forests of Papua New Guinea. Mapping the Extent and Condition of Forest Cover and Measuring the Drivers of Forest Change in the Period 1972–2002. University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, 148 pp.
• Shee, Z.Q., Frodin, D.G., Cámara-Leret, R. & Pokorny, L. (2020) Reconstructing the complex evolutionary history of the Papuasian Schefflera radiation through herbariomics. Frontiers in Plant Science 11: 258.
• Simons, G.F. & Fennig, C.D. (eds) (2018) Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 21st edn. SIL International. Available at: http://www.ethnologue.com.
• Sloss, C.R., Nothdurft, L., Hua, Q., O’Connor, S.G., Moss, P.T., Rosendahl, D., Petherick, L.M., Nanson, R.A., Mackenzie, L.L., Sternes, A., Jacobsen, G.E. & Ulm, S. (2018) Holocene sea-level change and coastal landscape evolution in the southern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. Holocene 28: 1411–1430.
• Sneed, M.W. (1985) Gronophyllum procerum, people and places, pictured in their stone age habitat. Principes 29: 47–54.
• Stauffer, F., Baker, W.J., Dransfield, J. & Endress, P. (2004) Comparative floral structure and systematics of Pelagodoxa and Sommieria (Arecaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146: 27–39.
• Straarup, M., Hoppe, L.E., Pooma, R. & Barfod, A.S. (2018) The role of beetles in the pollination of the mangrove palm Nypa fruticans. Nordic Journal of Botany 36: e01967.
• Sunderland, T.C.H. (2012) A taxonomic revision of the rattans of Africa (Arecaceae: Calamoideae). Phytotaxa 51: 1–76.
• Sâm, L.N., Baker, W.J., Bellot, S., Dransfield, J., Eiserhardt, W.L. & Henderson, A. (2023) Truongsonia (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Truongsonieae) — a new palm genus and tribe from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 613: 201–212.
• Takeuchi, W.N. (2000). A floristic and ethnobotanical account of the Josephstaal Forest Management Agreement Area, Papua New Guinea. SIDA, Contributions to Botany 19: 1–63.
• Takeuchi, W.N. (2007) Introduction to the Flora of Papua. In: Marshall, A.J. & Beehler, B.M. (eds) The Ecology of Papua. Part 1. Periplus Editions, Singapore, pp. 269–302.
• Terborgh, J. & Diamond, J.M. (1970) Niche overlap in feeding assemblages of New Guinea birds. The Wilson Bulletin 82: 29–52.
• Thiers, B.M. (2023) Index Herbariorum. Available at: https://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (continuously updated).
• Thomson, B.H. (1889) New Guinea: narrative of an exploring expedition to the Louisiade and D’Entrecasteaux Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London, new series 11: 525–542.
• Tomlinson, P.B. (2006) The uniqueness of palms. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 151: 5–14.
• Trudgen, M.S. & Baker, W.J. (2008) A revision of the Heterospathe elegans (Arecaceae) complex in New Guinea. Kew Bulletin 63: 639–647.
• Turner, J., Petoe, P. & Baker, W.J. (2021) Heterospathe parviflora. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T171871838A171872085. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T171871838A171872085.en.
• Uhl, N.W. & Dransfield, J. (1987) Genera Palmarum, a classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore Jr. Lawrence, Kansas: L.H. Bailey Hortorium and the International Palm Society.
• Utteridge, T.M.A. & Jennings, L.V.S. (eds) (2021) Trees of New Guinea. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, pp. 648.
• Van Balgooy, M. (1976) Phytogeography. In: Paijmans, K. (eds) New Guinea Vegetation. Australian National University Press, Canberra, pp. 1–22.
• Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (1950) The delimitation of Malaysia and its main plant geographical divisions. In: Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (eds) Flora Malesiana Volume 1. Noordhof-Kolff N.V., Jakarta, pp. LXX– LXXV.
• Van Steenis-Kruseman, M.J. (1950) Cyclopaedia of collectors. In: Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (eds) Flora Malesiana Volume 1. Noordhof-Kolff N.V., Jakarta, pp. 1–639.
• Van Welzen, P.C. & Slik, J.W.F. (2009) Patterns in species richness and composition of plant families in the Malay Archipelago. Blumea 54: 166–171.
• Veron, J.E.N., Devantier, L.M., Turak, E., Green, A.L., Kininmonth, S., Stafford-Smith, M. & Peterson, N. (2009) Delineating the Coral Triangle. Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies 11: 91–100.
• Vorontsova, M.S., Clark, L.G., Dransfield, J., Govaerts, R. & Baker, W.J. (2016) World Checklist of Bamboos and Rattans. INBAR Technical Report No. 37. International Network of Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 454 pp.
• Wallace, A.R. (1860) On the zoological geography of the Malay Archipelago. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society: Zoology 4: 172–184.
• Warburg, O. (1891) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der papuanischen Flora. Botanische Jahrbücher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 13: 130–455.
• Westphal, E. & Jansen, P.C.M. (eds) (1989) Plant resources of South-East Asia: a selection. Pudoc/Prosea, Wageningen, 322 pp.
• Young, B.E. (1985) A new species of Gronophyllum (Palmae) from Papua New Guinea. Principes 29: 138–141.
• Zieck, J.F.U. (1972) Minor Forest Products – rattans, etc. in some parts of the Eastern/Western Highlands, Chimbu districts and Jimi valley (W.H.D.) (U11/167-1-6). Forest Product Research Centre, Port Moresby, 7 pp.
• Zona, S. & Essig, F.B. (1999) How many species of Brassiophoenix? Palms 43: 45–48.
• Zona, S. & Henderson, A. (1989) A review of animal-mediated seed dispersal of palms. Selbyana 11: 6–21.
• Zona, S. (1999) Revision of Drymophloeus (Arecaceae: Arecoideae). Blumea 44: 1–24.
• Zona, S. (2000) A personal history of Drymophloeus in New Guinea. Palms 44: 184–186.
• Zona, S. (2003) Endosperm condition and the paradox of Ptychococcus paradoxus. Telopea 10: 179–185.
• Zona, S., Francisco-Ortega, J., Jestrow, B., Baker, W.J. & Lewis C.E. (2011) Molecular phylogenetics of the palm subtribe Ptychospermatinae (Arecaceae). American Journal of Botany 98: 1716–1726.
• Zumbroich, T.J. (2008) The origin and diffusion of the betel chewing: a synthesis of evidence from South Asia, Southeast Asia and beyond. Electronic Journal of Indian Medicine 1: 63–116.