Passiflora quadrangularis L.

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

Passifloraceae, W. J. J. O. de Wildem (Rijksherbarium, Leiden). Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1975

Morphology General Habit

Climber to ± 15 m., perennial, glabrous throughout; stem stout, 4-angled, winged.

Morphology Leaves

Leaf-blades entire, broadly ovate to elliptic, 9–20 by 6–15 cm., base rounded to subcordate, apex abruptly acute or shortly acuminate-mucronate; margin entire, pinninerved, membranous; petiole 2–5 cm.

Morphology General Glands

Glands on petiole 3 pairs, wart-like; blade-glands absent.

Morphology Leaves Stipules

Stipules ovate or elliptic, 2–5 cm. long, acute to mucronate, narrowed at base, entire.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescences 1-flowered, the peduncle (pedicel) 1.5–3 cm., inserted beside a simple tendril 10–20 cm.; bracts and bracteoles subovate, base cordate, apex acute-acuminate, 3–5.5 cm., entire, distinct, forming an involucre.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers 8–10 cm. in diameter, whitish or pinkish, corona threads purplish and pinkish banded and mottled.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Hypanthium

Hypanthium shallowly cup-shaped, ±1.5 cm. wide.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Sepals ovate to ovate-oblong, 3–4 cm., concave, cucullate, corniculate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Petals ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 3–4.5 cm., obtuse.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corona

Corona composed of 5 series, outside 2 series of threads 3–5 cm., inward a series of tubercles and one of short threads, the innermost membranous, lacerate; operculum membranous, 4–6 mm. long, inward curved, denticulate; disk (limen) annular.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androgynophore

Androgynophore 12–14 mm., thickened and provided with 2 annuli towards base (trochlea).

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Filaments ± flattened, 7–8 mm.; anthers ± 7 mm.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil

Ovary ellipsoid-oblong, 8–10 mm., glabrous; styles 10–12 mm.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Fruit oblong-ovoid, 20–30 cm. long, fleshy with thick rind, terete or 3-grooved.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds many, broadly obcordate or suborbicular, 7–10 mm.

Habitat

In East Africa ornamental and cultivated for the edible, flavoured fruits, quite often escaped

Distribution

K4 T3 U4 tropical America, introduced in the tropics of the Old World

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular

badea, bejuco badeo, bejuco de granadillo, corvejo, granadilla, granadillo, granadillo grande

Passifloraceae, R. and A. Fernandes. Flora Zambesiaca 4. 1978

Morphology General Habit

Strong, herbaceous, glabrous plant climbing by tendrils.

Morphology Stem

Stem stout, 4-angled, the angles conspicuously winged; internodes 12 cm. long or more.

Morphology Leaves

Leaf-lamina 10–20 × 8–15 cm., broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, abruptly acuminate at apex, entire-margined, rounded, subtruncate or shallowly cordate at the base, penninerved, the midrib prominent but more so beneath, the principal lateral nerves 10–12 on each side, prominent beneath; petiole 2–5 cm. long, stout, canaliculate above, with 3 pairs of nearly sessile glands; stipules 2–3·5 × 1–2 cm., ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute at the apex, entire or slightly serrulate at the margin, narrowed at base, thinly membranous.

Morphology General Tendrils

Tendrils stout.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Peduncles

Peduncle 1·5–3 cm. long, 3-angled.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts

Bracts 3–5·5 × 1·5–4 cm., cordate-ovate, acute, entire or serrulate towards the base, thin-membranous.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers solitary, 7·5–12·5 cm. in diam.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx-tube campanulate; sepals 3–4 × 1·5–2·5 cm., ovate or ovate-oblong, concave, greenish or greenish-red outside, white, violet or pinkish inside.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Petals 3–4·5 × 1–2 cm., oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, white or deeply pink-tinged.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corona

Corona in 5 rows, the 2 outer ones consisting of filaments as long as or exceeding the sepals, terete, radiate, banded with reddish-purple and white at base, blue at middle, densely mottled with pinkish-blue in the upper 1/2, the third row tubercular, the tubercles deep reddish-purple, the fourth row filamentose, the filaments 1–1·5 mm. long, banded with reddish-purple and white, the fifth row 3–7 mm. long, membranous, unequally lacerate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Operculum

Operculum 4–6 mm. long, membranous, denticulate, white, reddish-purple at the margin.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Limen

Limen annular, fleshy.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary

Ovary ovoid.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Fruit 20–30 × 12–15 cm., oblong-ovoid, cylindrical or longitudinally 3-grooved.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds 7–10 × 5–8·5 mm., broadly obcordate or suborbicular, flattened, reticulate at the centre of each face, striate at the margin.

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Ecology

Alt. 0 - 1200 m.

Morphology General Habit

Climbing plant. Creeper.

Conservation

Least concern.

Distribution

Native and cultivated in Colombia.

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Guiana Shield, Pacific. Elevation range: 0–1200 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Amazonas, Antioquia, Boyacá, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Santander, Valle del Cauca, Vaupés.

Habit

Climbing.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.

Vernacular

Badea, Badea, Granadilla, Granadilla real, Maracuyá

Use Environmental

Environmental uses.

Use Gene Sources

Used as gene sources.

Use Food

Used for food.

Use Materials

Used as material.

Use Medicines

Medical uses.

Use Poisons

Poisons.