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This species is accepted, and its native range is Europe to Central Asia and W. Pakistan, Macaronesia to Arabian Peninsula.
Plantago coronopus

[FIQ]

Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.

Morphology General Habit
Annual or perennial herb (annual in Iraq), acaulous, 3–12(–17) cm tall, glabrous to pilose or unusually hirsute
Morphology Leaves
Leaves oblong to linear in outline, 2–14 cm, entire, remotely lobed or mostly pinnatisect, the lobes 2–15 mm, linear or oblong, acute
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Spike usually shorter than leaves, oblong-cylindrical, 1.5–4(–8) cm; bracts equalling or shorter and smaller than calyx, usually glabrous, herbaceous with narrow scarious lateral lamina, margin ciliate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx 3–3.5 mm, the two anterior sepals similar to bracts, the two posterior sepals glabrous, scarious except for herbaceous keeled midrib
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla lobes glabrous, lanceolate-ovate, acuminate, tube hirsute
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds ovoid, with membranous, mucilaginous margin.
Note
The main distinguishing characters for this species are the bracts that are equalling or smaller than calyx, posterior sepals with well keeled midribs, and a hairy corolla tube. The species shows much variation in the indumentum, leaf margin (entire, dentate or well lobed), length, thickness and number of spikes, the ratio of length of bract to calyx, apex of bract and the width of midrib of the anterior sepals.
Ecology
Sandy and loamy desert, alluvial land, gravel desert, by roadsides and deciduous orchards on loamy soil, slightly saline alluvial flats near edges of lakes, limestone desert plateau with sandy patches between rocks, river banks and islands; alt.: 150–550 m
Phenology
Flowering and fruiting: Mar. –Apr.
Distribution
Frequent in the Lower Mesopotamian Region, less frequent in upper part of the Desert Plateau Region; rarely found in the Upper Plains and Foothills Region. Europe and Mediterranean region, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan.

[FIQ]
Use
A fodder plant, grazed by sheep, camels and water-buffaloes. anaik (recorded by Blakelock, loc.cit.).

Native to:

Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azores, Baleares, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Corse, Denmark, East Aegean Is., Egypt, Eritrea, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Kriti, Krym, Kuwait, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Selvagens, Sicilia, Spain, Sweden, Tadzhikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Western Sahara, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Alabama, Austria, Brazil South, British Columbia, California, Cape Provinces, Chile Central, Czechoslovakia, Greenland, Hungary, Manitoba, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, New Zealand North, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Uruguay, Washington

Plantago coronopus L. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
Ball, L. [s.n.], Morocco K000243837
Hooker [s.n.], Morocco K000243838
Hooker [s.n.], Morocco K000243839
Lange, J. [s.n.], Sardegna K000779541
Day, C.D. [880], Turkey K000341710
Cope, T.A. [RBG 150], United Kingdom K000914355
Reichenbach, H.G.L. [s.n.] K000779543
Bèguinot, A. [658], Sardegna K000779542

First published in Sp. Pl.: 115 (1753)

Accepted by

  • Adolphy, K. & al. (2021). Beiträge zur Flora Nordhein-Westfalens aus dem Jahr 2020 Jahrbuch des Bochumer Botanischen Vereins 12: 199-278.
  • Bergmeier, E. (2011). New floristic records, confirmations and other phytogeographical notes from Crete (Greece) Willdenowia 41: 167-177.
  • Boulos, L. (2002). Flora of Egypt 3: 1-373. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Chukavina, A.P. (ed.) (1984). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 7: 1-562. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
  • Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
  • Daoud, H.S. in Al-Rawi, A. (1985). Flora of Kuwait 1: 1-224. Alden Press Ltd., U.K.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1982). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 7: 1-947. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2019). Flora of North America North of Mexico 17: 1-737. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Hadinec, J. & Lustyk, P. (2017). Additamenta ad floram Reipublicae Bohemicae. XV. Zprávy Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 52: 37-113.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
  • Hedberg, I., Kelbessa, E., Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Persson, E. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 5: 1-690. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hohla, M. (2012). Bromus sitchensis - neu für Österreich, Plantago coronopus - neu für Oberösterreich sowie weitere Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Flora des Innviertels Stapfia 97: 180-192.
  • Hohla, M. (2015). Hystrix patula - neu für Österrei, sowie weitere Beiträge zur Flora von Obenösterreich, Salzburg, Steiermark und Vorarlberg Stapfia 101: 83-100.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Llewellyn, O.A., Hall, M., Miller, A.G., Al-Abbasi, T.M., Al-Wetaid, A.H., Al-Harbi, R.J. & Al-Shammari, K.F. (2011). Important plant areas in the Arabian peninsula: 4. Jabal Aja Edinburgh Journal of Botany 68: 199-224.
  • Musselman, L.J. (2011). Checklist of Plants of Lebanon and Syria http://ww2.odu.edu/~lmusselm/plant/lebsyria/Checklist%20of%20Lebanon%20Plants.pdf.
  • Patzak, A. & Rechinger, K.H. (1965). Flora Iranica 15: 1-23. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  • Schischkin, B.K. & al. (eds.) (1954). Flora Turkmenii 6: 1-402. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
  • Sennikov, A.N. (ed.) (2017). Flora of Uzbekistan 2: 1-200. Navro'z Publishers, Toshkent.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1976). Flora Europaea 4: 1-505. Cambridge University Press.
  • Vvedensky, A.I. (ed.) (1961). Flora Uzbekistana 5: 1-667. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Werier, D. (2017). Catalogue of the Vascular plants of New York state Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 27: 1-542.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Literature

Flora of Iraq

  • Blakelock in Kew Bull. 3: 441 (1950);
  • Boiss., Fl. Orient. 4: 888 (1879);
  • Chalabi Ka’bi in Bull. Iraq Nat. Hist. Mus. 1 (2): 25 (1961);
  • Collenette, Wildflow. Saudi Ariabia: 602 (1999).
  • Kazmi in Fl. Pak. 62: 7 (1974);
  • Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 115 (1753);
  • Patzak & Rech.f. in Fl. Iranica 15: 5 (1965);
  • Pilger in Engl., Pflanzenr. 102 (IV. 269): 126 (1937);
  • Rech.f., Fl. Lowland Iraq: 556 (1964);
  • Tutel in Fl. Turk. 7: 508 (1982);
  • Zohary in Dep. Agr. Iraq Bull. 31: 137 (1950);

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Boulos, L. (2002). Flora of Egypt 3: 1-373. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Chukavina, A.P. (ed.) (1984). Flora Tadzhikskoi SSR 7: 1-562. Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moskva.
  • Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
  • Daoud, H.S. in Al-Rawi, A. (1985). Flora of Kuwait 1: 1-224. Alden Press Ltd., U.K.
  • Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1982). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 7: 1-947. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
  • Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2013). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 5: 1-451. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
  • Dobignard, A., Jacquemoud, F. & Jordan, D. (1992). Matériaux pour la conaissance floristique du Sahara occidental et l'Anti-Atlas méridional. II. Leguminosae à Compositae Candollea 47: 397-481.
  • Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2019). Flora of North America North of Mexico 17: 1-737. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  • Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-continuously updated). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
  • Hedberg, I., Kelbessa, E., Edwards, S., Demissew, S. & Persson, E. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 5: 1-690. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Hohla, M. (2012). Bromus sitchensis - neu für Österreich, Plantago coronopus - neu für Oberösterreich sowie weitere Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Flora des Innviertels Stapfia 97: 180-192.
  • Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
  • Llewellyn, O.A., Hall, M., Miller, A.G., Al-Abbasi, T.M., Al-Wetaid, A.H., Al-Harbi, R.J. & Al-Shammari, K.F. (2011). Important plant areas in the Arabian peninsula: 4. Jabal Aja Edinburgh Journal of Botany 68: 199-224.
  • Musselman, L.J. (2011). Checklist of Plants of Lebanon and Syria http://ww2.odu.edu/~lmusselm/plant/lebsyria/Checklist%20of%20Lebanon%20Plants.pdf.
  • Patzak, A. & Rechinger, K.H. (1965). Flora Iranica 15: 1-23. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  • Schischkin, B.K. & al. (eds.) (1954). Flora Turkmenii 6: 1-402. Turkmenskoe gosudarstvennoe izd., Ashkhabad.
  • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1976). Flora Europaea 4: 1-505. Cambridge University Press.
  • Vvedensky, A.I. (ed.) (1961). Flora Uzbekistana 5: 1-667. Izd-va Akademii nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tashkent.
  • Werier, D. (2017). Catalogue of the Vascular plants of New York state Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 27: 1-542.
  • Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.

Flora of Iraq
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Science Photographs
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/