Polygalaceae
Polygala

Polygala erioptera DC.

First published in Prodr. 1: 326 (1824)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent to Indo-China. It is an annual or subshrub and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Angola, Bangladesh, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Gulf States, India, Iran, Kenya, Laccadive Is., Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Oman, Pakistan, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Ananda Rao, T. & Ellis, J.L. (1995). Flora of Lakshadweep islands off the Malabar coast, peninsular India, with emphasis on phytogeographical distribution of plants. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 19: 235-250.
  • Audru, J., Cesar, J. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1994). Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti. Flore Illustrée 1: 1-336. CIRAD, Départerment d'Elevage et de Médecine vétérinaire, Djibouti.
  • Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 1: 1-359. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Boulos, L. (2000). Flora of Egypt 2: 1-352. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Chrtek, J. & Křísa, B. (1977). Flora Iranica 124: 1-11. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Edwards, S., Tadesse, M., Demissew, S. & Hedberg, I. (eds.) (2000). Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea 2(1): 1-532. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & The Department of Systematic Botany, Upps.
  • Exell, A.W. & Wild, H. (eds.) (1960). Flora Zambesiaca 1(1): 1-336. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Figueiredo, E., Smith, G.F. & Paiva, J. (2013). A checklist of Polygala (Polygalaceae) in the Flora of Southern Africa region with notes on types. Phytotaxa 155: 1-22.
  • Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Ghazanfar, S.A. (1992). An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman and their Vernacular names. Scripta Botanica Belgica 2: 1-153.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Jongbloed, M., Western, R.A. & Boer, B. (2000). Annotated Check-list for plants in the U.A.E.: 1-90. Zodiac Publishing, Dubai.
  • Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
  • Kress, W.J., DeFilipps, R.A., Farr, E. & Kyi, D.Y.Y. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers of Myanmar. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45: 1-590. Smithsonian Institution.
  • Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.
  • Mao, A.A. & Dash, S.S. (2020). Flowering Plants of India an Annotated Checklist (Dicotyledons) 1: 1-970. Botanical Survey of India.
  • Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India. Nelumbo 54: 39-91.
  • Miller, A.G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of Soqotra Archipelago: 1-759. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
  • Mosti, S., Raffaelli, M. & Tardelli, M. (2012). Contributions to the flora of central-southern Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman). Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 67: 65-91.
  • Nasir, E. & Ali, S.I. (eds.) (1970-1995). Flora of West Pakistan 1-131.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Paiva, j. (2007). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Polygalaceae: 1-60.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Robyns, W. & al. (eds.) (1948-1963). Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi 1-10.
  • Santisuk, T. & Larsen, K. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Thailand 7(3): 351-654. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
  • Sikarwar, R.L.S. (2014). Angiosperm diversity assessment of Chitrakootthe legendary place of Vindhyan range, India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 38: 563-619.
  • Thulin, M. (ed.) (1993). Flora of Somalia 1: 1-493. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Troupin, G. (ed.) (1983). Flora du Rwanda 2: 1-603. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale.
  • Wood, J.R.I. (1997). A handbook of the Yemen Flora: 1-434. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Chev. Fl. Viv. 1: 265.
  • —Chodat Monogr. Polygal. 342

Kew Backbone Distributions

  • Ananda Rao, T. & Ellis, J.L. (1995). Flora of Lakshadweep islands off the Malabar coast, peninsular India, with emphasis on phytogeographical distribution of plants. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 19: 235-250.
  • Audru, J., Cesar, J. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1994). Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti. Flore Illustrée 1: 1-336. CIRAD, Départerment d'Elevage et de Médecine vétérinaire, Djibouti.
  • Barry, J. P. & Celles, J.S. (1991). Flore de Mauritanie 1: 1-359. Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice.
  • Boulos, L. (2000). Flora of Egypt 2: 1-352. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.
  • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
  • Chrtek, J. & Křísa, B. (1977). Flora Iranica 124: 1-11. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  • Exell, A.W. & Wild, H. (eds.) (1960). Flora Zambesiaca 1(1): 1-336. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
  • Fosberg, F.R. (1957). The Maldive islands, Indian Ocean. Atoll Research Bulletin 58: 1-37.
  • Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14: 1-1231. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Hansen, A. & Sunding, P. (1993). Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants. 4. revised edition. Sommerfeltia 17: 1-295.
  • Hutchinson, J., Dalziel, J.M. & Keay, R.W.J. (1954-1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 1: 1-828.
  • Lê, T.C. (2003). Danh lục các loài thực vật Việt Nam 2: 1-1203. Hà Nội : Nhà xuất bản Nông nghiệp.
  • Meena, S.L. (2012). A checklist of the vascular plants of Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India. Nelumbo 54: 39-91.
  • Miller, A.G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of Soqotra Archipelago: 1-759. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
  • Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  • Pasha, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Peyre de Fabregues, B. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1976). Catalogue des Plantes Vascularies du Niger: 1-433. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Quézel, P. (1958). Mission Botanique au Tibesti: 1-357. Université d'Alger.
  • Robyns, W. & al. (eds.) (1948-1963). Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi 1-10.
  • Santisuk, T. & Larsen, K. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Thailand 7(3): 351-654. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
  • Troupin, G. (ed.) (1983). Flora du Rwanda 2: 1-603. Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale.

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • F.C.B. 7: 255 (1958)
  • F.Z. 1, 1: 316 (1960)
  • Fl. Eth. 2, 1: 182, fig. 24.2/16, 17 (2000).
  • Fontqueria 50: 169, t. 28/c (1998)
  • Prodr. 1: 326 (1824)
  • Thulin, Fl. Somalia 1: 84 (1993)
  • U.K.W.F. ed. 2: 56 (1994)

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 1975 Lowe, R.T. [s.n.] Cabo Verde K001134178 No
Jan 1, 1975 Cardoso, J. [16] Cabo Verde K001134176 No
Jan 1, 1975 Aurell [s.n.] Cabo Verde K001134180 No
Jan 1, 1975 Bolle, C. [s.n.] Cabo Verde K001134177 No
Jan 1, 1975 Hooker, J.D. [134] Cabo Verde K001134184 Yes
Jan 1, 1975 Hooker, J.D. [134] Cabo Verde K001134183 Yes
Jan 1, 1975 Wetherell [s.n.] Cabo Verde K001134179 No
Jan 1, 1975 Vogel, T. [58] Cabo Verde K001134182 Yes
Jan 1, 1975 Vogel, T. [50] Cabo Verde K001134181 Yes
Polhill, R.; Paulo, S. [1179] Tanzania K003079115 Yes
Richards, H.M. (Mrs.) [15995] Tanzania K003079119 Yes
Carter; Abdallah; Newton [2489] Tanzania K003079125 Yes
Robinson, E.A. [4810] Tanzania K003079117 Yes
Greenway, P.J. [7428] Tanzania K003079112 Yes
Carter; Abdallah; Newton [2458] Tanzania K003079124 Yes
Abdallah, R.; K. Vollesen [95/122] Tanzania K003079111 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [1902] Tanzania K003079110 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Kanuri [14005] Tanzania K003079128 Yes
Siame, W. [170] Tanzania K003079118 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [3693] Tanzania K003079108 Yes
Smith, A.R.; Lavranos, J. [664] Yemen K001634402 No
Smith, A.R.; Lavranos, J. [792] Yemen K001634396 No
Luke, W.R.Q.; Luke, P.A. [15050] Kenya K001634866 No
Adam, J.G. [827] Senegal K001906444 Yes
Adam, J.G. [19412-2] Mauritania K001906445 Yes
Batty, M. (Mrs.) [1120] Tanzania K003079113 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Hoenselaar, K.; Leliyo, G.; Vollesen, K. [6123] Tanzania K000468302 No
Bidgood, G.S.; Sitoni, D.; K. Vollesen; Whitehouse, C. [4387] Tanzania K003079114 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [3651] Tanzania K003079107 Yes
van Beusekom, C.F.; Geesink, R.; Phengkhlai, C.; Wongwan, B. [3810] Thailand K003076889 No
Schweinfurth, G.; Riva, D. [125] Eritrea K000231563 Unknown Type Material Yes
van Beusekom, C.F.; Geesink, R.; Phengkhlai, C.; Wongwan, B. [4011] Thailand K003076890 No
Burkill, H.M. [HMB1279] Thailand K003076884 No
Polhill, R.; Paulo, S. [1992] Tanzania K003079126 Yes
Michelmore, A.P.G. [1131] Tanzania K003079122 Yes
Batty, M. (Mrs.) [325] Tanzania K003079116 Yes
Richards, H.M. (Mrs.) [16022] Tanzania K003079120 Yes
Davis, R.L. [164] Tanzania K003079129 Yes
Larsen, K.; Santisuk, T.; Warncke, E. [2212] Thailand K003076891 No
B. Mhoro [764] Tanzania K003079127 Yes
Jones, V. [9] Tanzania K003079123 Yes
Richards, H.M. (Mrs.) [15800] Tanzania K003079121 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [3534] Tanzania K003079109 Yes
Parnell; Pendry; Boonthavikoon, T. [95-694] Thailand K003076893 No
Marcan, A. [2166] Thailand K003076885 No
Parnell; Pendry; Jebb; Boonthavikoon, T. [95-558] Thailand K003076892 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [4583] Thailand K003076888 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [19481] Thailand K003076886 No
Kerr, A.F.G. [3069] Thailand K003076887 No
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 4174] Burma Polygala multibracteata K001038325 Unknown Type Material Yes
Jan 1, 1977 Hildebrandt, J.M. [2784] Kenya Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K000231724 Type Yes
Purseglove, J.W. [P1024] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079131 Yes
Maitland, T.D. [1084] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079143 Yes
E.R.V. [576] Kenya Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079151 Yes
Gillett, J.B. [17329] Kenya Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079150 Yes
Thomas, A.S. [Th3526] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079136 Yes
Lee, M.J. [L 12] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079134 Yes
Scott, E.M. [EA11791] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079130 Yes
Hildebrandt, J.M. [2784] Kenya Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K000231725 Unknown Type Material Yes
Hazel, C. [447] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079132 Yes
Purseglove, J.W. [P1545] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079133 Yes
Burtt, B.D. [2449] Tanzania Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079152 Yes
Burtt, B.D. [2107] Tanzania Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079156 Yes
Scott Elliot, G.F. [6859] Kenya Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079147 Yes
Wood, G. [238] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079146 Yes
Faden, R.B. [67302] Kenya Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079149 Yes
Hazel, C. [482] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079137 Yes
Wood, G.H.S. [742] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079144 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Kanuri [11317] Tanzania Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079153 Yes
Rose, F. [1168] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079140 Yes
Wilson, J. [608] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079139 Yes
Symes, Y.E. [545] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079135 Yes
Greenway, P.J.; Kirrika [11097] Tanzania Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079154 Yes
Liebenberg, L.C.C. [167] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079138 Yes
Glover [PEG 3434] Kenya Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079148 Yes
Chandler, P. [807] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079145 Yes
Liebenberg, L.C.C. [975] Uganda Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079141 No
Burtt, B.D. [2107] Tanzania Polygala erioptera subsp. petraea K003079155 Yes
Barbey, W. [47] Polygala thurmanniana K003075384 Yes

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    • Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2025. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Plants and People Africa

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    • © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/